Page 221 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

'kSf{kd O;oLFkk dk fodkl

uksV • ekè;fed&f'k{kk osQ O;olk;hdj.k ls vusd leL;kvksa dk vUr gks tk;sxkA ;s leL;k;sa vHkh fodjky gSa]
ckn esa budk 'keu gksxkA vk;ksx us cqfu;knh f'k{kk osQ leku gh ukSdfj;ksa dks izksRlkfgr ugha fd;k gSA ns'k
dk izR;sd O;fDr jk"Vª dh vko';drk osQ fy;s dk;Z djs vkSj mlosQ dk;Z dk gj va'k jk"Vª&fodkl esa
;ksxnku nsA O;olk;hdj.k osQ mi;ksx ls gksus okyh miyfCèk;k¡ bl izdkj gksaxhμ
(i) jkstxkj ,oa f'k{kk dk lhèkk lEcUèk gks tk;sxkA
(ii) O;fDr dks thou&;kiu djus osQ fy;s nÝrjksa dh vis{kk vius cktqvksa ij fuHkZj jguk gksxkA
(iii) f'k{kk osQ O;olk;hdj.k ls ns'k dh vk£Fkd fLFkfr lqèkjsxh ,oa tu'kfDr dk mi;ksx fd;k tk;sxkA

• Nk=kksa esa f'k{kk dh lksís';rk dk n`f"Vdks.k fodflr gksxkA mUgsa vuqHko gksxk fd jk"Vª&fuekZ.k osQ fy;s mudh
Hkh vko';drk gSA vk;ksx dh n`f"V esa ;g ifjorZu vR;Ur egÙoiw.kZ gSA
• vkpk;Z jkeew£r lfefr (1990) us ekè;fed Lrj ij f'k{kk osQ O;olk;hdj.k osQ ckjs esa bl izdkj lq>ko fn;sμ
(i) Nk=kksa dks O;kolkf;d fo"k;ksa esa ls viuh #fp dk fo"k; p;u djus dh lqfoèkk gksA
(ii) vukSipkfjd :i ls Hkh O;kolkf;d f'k{kk nh tk;sA
• izkfofèkd rFkk izcUèku f'k{kk osQ fy;s Hkh fofHkUu Lrjksa osQ ikB~;Øe pyk;s tkus pkfg;s rFkk lrr~ vkèkkj
ij bu ikB~;Øeksa dk ewY;kadu fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA

22-4 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

• lks¼s';rkμmís'; lfgrA
• va'kdkyhuμde le; okykA

22-5 vH;kl&iz'u ( Review Questions)

1. ekè;fed f'k{kk osQ O;olk;hdj.k osQ mís'; crkb;sA
2. Hkkjr esa ekè;fed f'k{kk osQ O;olk;hdj.k dh vko';drk ij leh{kkRed vkykspuk fyf[k;sA ,slk djus
esa D;k dfBukb;ka gks ldrh gSa vkSj mudks oSQls nwj fd;k tk ldrk gS\
3. ikB~;Øe osQ O;olk;hdj.k ls D;k vfHkizk; gS\ ekè;fed Lrj ij ;g D;ksa vifjgk;Z gS\ blosQ fy;s mBk;s
x;s dneksa dk la{ksi esa o.kZu dhft;sA

4. fVIi.kh fyf[k,μ^O;kolkf;d f'k{kk MkaokMksy gS*A
mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu (Answer: Self Assessment)

1. vk£Fkd fodkl 2. Ñf"k] m|ksx] okf.kT; vkfn 3. oqQ'ky O;fDr;ksa
4. vukSipkfjd :i 5. viuh #fp dk fo"k;A

22-6 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)

1. vè;kid f'k{kkμ,u- vkj- lDlsuk] ch- osQ- feJk] vkj- osQ- eksgUrh_ fou; j[kstk ifCy'klZ]
jkt fizUVlZ (;w-ih-)
2. i;kZoj.k vè;;uμMk- c`tfoykl ik.Ms;_ izdk'ku osQUnz y[kuÅA

3. Hkkjr esa f'k{kk dk fodklμizks- lqjs'k HkVukxj] MkW- lat; oqQekj_ fou; j[kstk ifCy'klZ]
(;w-ih-)A

214 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY