Page 233 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

'kSf{kd O;oLFkk dk fodkl

uksV vè;kid f'k{kk dh voLFkk;sa (Stages of Teacher Eduaction)
1- iwoZ&izkFkfed voLFkk (Pre-Primary Stage)

izR;sd rglhy Lrj ij ,d iwoZ&izkFkfed vè;kid f'k{kk dk osQUnz gksuk pkfg;sA izf'k{kkFkhZ dh U;wure ;ksX;rk
gkbZ&LowQy gks ,oa izf'k{k.k dh vof/ ,d o"kZ dh gksA vè;kid&f'k{kk dh lajpuk fuEufyf[kr gksμ
(i) f'k{k.k dkS'ky (Teaching Skills)μdfork dk ikB crkuk] dgkuh dguk] [ksy [ksyuk] ,oa dyk rFkk
fof'k"V f'k{k.k fof/;k¡
(ii) f'k{k.k mís'; (Teaching Objectives)μckyd dk lok±xh.k fodklA
(iii) f'k{k.k dh izo`Qfr (Nature of Teaching)μO;ogkj dk iSVuZA
2- izkFkfed voLFkk (Primary State)μ,sls fo|ky; lkekU; fo|ky; dgykrs gSa] tgk¡ ij fd izkFkfed
vè;kidksa osQ fy;s f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk dh tkrh gSA budk lapkyu jkT; ljdkj }kjk gksrk gSA vè;kid izf'k{kkFkhZ
dh U;wure ;ksX;rk gkbZ LowQy gksrh gSA le; dh vof/ nks o"kZ dh gksrh gSA izf'k{k.kkFkhZ dks ch-Vh- dh mikf/ nh
tkrh gSA izos'k ikus dh U;wure ;ksX;rk Lukrd gksrh gSA bldh vof/ ,d o"kZ dh gksrh gS rFkk mldh lajpuk
fuEu izdkj gksrh gSμ
(i) f'k{k.k dkS'ky (Teaching Skills)μ'kkjhfjd f'k{kk] euksjatd dk;Zdyki] LokLF; f'k{kk] dyk] laxhr]
[ksy] ,oa fof'k"V f'k{k.k fof/;k¡ gSA

(ii) f'k{k.k mís'; (Teaching Objectives)μHkk"kk (ekr` Hkk"kk vkSj vaxzsth) izkÑfrd ,oa lkekftd foKku
vkSj xf.kr] cPps dk ekufld fodklA
(iii) f'k{k.k dh izo`Qfr (Nature of Teaching)μvk/qfud O;ogkj dk Kku] fo|ky; osQ egÙoiw.kZ LFkku dk
Kku] lkekftd ifjorZu osQ fo"k; dk Kku] iztkrU=k esa fo'okl j[kuk vkfnA
3- twfu;j voLFkk (Junior of Middle State)μbl izf'k{k.k dks lh-Vh-] lh-Vh- (csfld) ts-Vh-lh] ts-ch-Vh-lh-
vFkok ch-Vh-lh- osQ uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA izf'k{k.kkFkhZ osQ izos'k dh U;wure ;ksX;rk b.VjehfM,V gksrh gSA izf'k{k.k
dh vof/ nks o"kZ dh gksrh gSA ;g izf'k{k.k vè;kid f'k{kk osQ fy;s dksbZ ;ksxnku ugha djrk gSA
4- ekè;fed voLFkk (Secondary of Higher Secondary Stage)μbl voLFkk ij U;wure ;ksX;rk Lukrd gksrh
gSA bldh izf'k{k.k vof/ ,d o"kZ dh gksrh gSA lkekU;r;k bl izf'k{k.k osQ ikB~;ozQe dks nks Hkkxksa esa ckaVrs gSaμ(1)
lSa¼kfUrd] (2) iz;ksxkRedA blosQ }kjk ,y-Vh-] (csfld)-] ch- ,M- dh mikf/ nh tkrh gSA {ks=kh; egkfo|ky;
esa pkj o"kZ dk lkewfgd izf'k{k.k nsdj ch- ,l- lh-] ,M-] mikf/ iznku djrs gSaA blesa izos'k b.VjehfM,V osQ ckn
gksrk gSA izf'k{kkFkhZ dh U;wure ;ksX;rk Lukrd gksrh gSA ,sls vH;FkhZ dks ojh;rk nh tkrh gS ftlus ch- ,- esa f'k{kk
'kkL=k fy;k gks ;k vè;kid gksA bl mikf/ dks ch- fiQy- osQ uke ls lEcksf/r fd;k tkrk gSA bl izf'k{k.k dh
vof/ ,d o"kZ dh gksrh gS ,oa f'k{kk dh lajpuk vxzfyf[kr izdkj dh gksrh gSA
(i) f'k{k.k dkS'ky (Teaching Skills)μ(1) izf'k{k.k dh fof/] ,d fo"k; esa fof'k"Vhdj.k] (2)
lw{e&f'k{k.k] (3) LokLF; dk Kku] 'kkjhfjd f'k{kk] [ksy euksjatd fozQ;k;sa ,oa dk;Z vuqHko] (4) ekuo
O;ogkj dk KkuA
(ii) f'k{k.k mís'; (Teaching Objectives)μf'k{k.k rduhdh (Hkkjrh; ,oa O;kogkfjd :i esa) blesa
f'k{kd dh izHkkoksRikndrk] izf'k{k.k ,oa vf/xe osQ fl¼kUr vkrs gSaA oSdfYid ikB~;ozQe dh Hkh O;oLFkk
djuh pkfg;s] mlesa fuEufyf[kr esa ls ,d gksuk vfuok;Z gSμ
(1) ekiu ,oa ewY;kadu osQ fl¼kar (2) funsZ'ku (3) fozQ;kRed vuqlU/ku (4) 'kSf{kd n'kZu ,oa
(5) 'kSf{kd euksfoKkuA

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