Page 311 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_HINDI

bdkbZ—29% :fp ijh{k.k

vks>k (O;kolkf;d #fp&izi=k) eq[; gSaA uksV
• lkèkkj.kr;k #fp ijh{k.k nks izdkj osQ gksrs gSaμ
1- lkekU; ;k vO;kolkf;d #fp ijh{k.k (General or Non-Vocational Interest Inventories)
2- O;kolkf;d #fp&ijh{k.k (Vocational Interest Inventories)
• lkekU; ;k vlkekU; #fp ijh{k.kksa osQ vUrxZr] O;fDr osQ lkekU; thou ,oa 'kSf{kd ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls
lEcfUèkr #fp;ksa dk ekiu] ge izk;% tk¡p&lwph (Check-list)] iz'ukoyh (Guestionnaire) ,oa
ys[ku&'kSyh (Writing Style) }kjk dj ldrs gSaA tk¡p&lwph osQ vUrxZr fofHkUu izdkj dh fØ;kvksa]
tSlsμjsfM;ks lquuk] [ksy [ksyuk] eSxthu i<+uk ,oa Dyc tkuk vkfn dks cPpksa osQ lEeq[k izLrqr djosQ]
mudh #fp;ksa dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gSA
• O;kolkf;d #fp ijh{k.kksa osQ vUrxZr] O;fDr dh fdlh O;kolkf;d {ks=k esa #fp dk ekiu fd;k tkrk
gSA vf/dka'k O;fDr thou osQ pkSFks n'kd osQ vUr rd igqaprs&igqaprs ,slk fu'p; dj ysrs gSa fd ftl
O;olk; {ks=k esa os gSa] mlh esa vodk'k xzg.k djus rd #dk tk,] pkgs bl O;olk; esa muosQ fy, dksbZ
mRlkg vFkok LiUnu 'ks"k u jgk gksA
• O;kolkf;d #fp ekiu dh fofèk;ksa dk ,dek=k mís'; ;gh gS fd vkjEHk esa gh ;qok O;fDr;ksa dh #fp
vkSj #>ku dk irk yxkdj mUgsa mlosQ vuqlkj O;olk; p;u esa lgk;rk nh tk losQ] rkfd] os vkthou
vius dk;Z esa #fp ys losaQ rFkk ykHkdkjh <ax ls dk;Z dj losaQA
• LVªk¡x us lu~ 1919 esa O;kolkf;d #fp izi=k dk fuekZ.k LVsuiQksMZ fo'ofo|ky; esa fd;kA bl ijh{k.k esa
oqQy 420 in gSa] tks fofHkUu O;olk;ksa] euksjatu fØ;kvksa] O;fDrxr fo'ks"krkvksa] LowQyh fo"k;ksa vkfn ls
lEcfUèkr FksA vius bl #fp izi=k dks LVªkax us dbZ gtkj O;fDr;ksa ls Hkjok;k] ftudk lEcUèk fofHkUu
O;olk;ksa ls Fkk] tSlsμMkDVj] bUthfu;j] odhy] fooszQrk] vè;kid] fdlku] ljdkjh viQlj] chek
,tsUV] izcUèkd] okLrqdkj vkfn rFkk og bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡pk fd fofHkUu O;olk;ksa esa dk;Z djus okyksa
dh #fp;k¡] vU; O;fDr;ksa dh #fp;ksa ls fHkUu gksrh gSaA
• ijh{k.k dh oSèkrk Kkr djus osQ fy, vusd dlkSfV;ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS] tSlsμokLrfod izf'k{k.k
osQ i'pkr~ dk;Z esa liQyrk] fo|ky; ,oa dkyst osQ fofHkUu oxks± osQ lkFk lg&lEcUèk vkfnA ijh{k.k dh
fo'oluh;rk iqu% ijh{k.k fofèk rFkk v¼Z&foVkiu (Split-half) fofèk }kjk Kkr dh xbZ rFkk fo'oluh;rk
xq.kkad 85 vk;kA

• lu~ 1938 esa owQMj (Kuder) ds izkFkfedrk izi=k dk fuekZ.k gqvk] ftldk la'kksfèkr :i lu~ 1951 esa
izLrqr fd;k x;kA ijh{k.k eq[; :i ls gkbZLowQy foèkkfFkZ;ksa ,oa o;Ldksa ds fy;s mi;ksxh gSA
• #fp izi=k rS;kj djus okys lHkh euksoSKkfudksa us O;kolkf;d :fp;ksa ds fofoèk :iksa dks vyx&vyx
ekudj :fp ijh{k.k fd;kA ;|fi] owQMj us :fp;ksa dks nl O;kid {ks=kksa esa ck¡Vk] fiQj Hkh] :fp;ksa dh
vusdrk dk vkHkkl muds :fp izi=k esa feyrk gSA :fp;ksa ds vusd gksus ij] :fp;ksa dh izfro`Qfr;k¡
(Patterns) vFkok izo`fRr;k¡ (Trends) vusd ugha gSa] ;g euksoSKkfud rF; lHkh dks ekU; FkkA FkLVZu
us bl fopkj dks rRo&fo'ys"k.k ds vkèkkj ij vkSj Hkh iDdk dj fn;kA mlus dgk fd ;fn vusd fof'k"V
{ks=kh; :fp;ksa dk ?kVd&fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk; rks oqQN :fp ?kVd (Interest Factors) ,sls feysaxs] tks
LVªkx }kjk izfrikfnr :fp izfro`Qfr;ksa dh rjg gksa] ysfdu] ;g fuf'pr gS fd bu :fp ?kVdksa dh la[;k]
:fp izfro`Qfr;ksa ls de gksxhA
• yh&FkkisZ :fpi=kh esa iz'uksa dk ladyu lk¡f[;dh; vkèkkj ij u djds fu.kZ; ds vkèkkj ij fd;k tkrk
gSA yh&FkkisZ us fofHkUu O;olk;ksa dh O;k[;k ^;wukbVsM LVsV~l ,twds'kuy lfoZl* }kjk izdkf'kr ^O;kolkf;d
'kh"kZdksa ds dks'k* (Dictionary of Occupational Titles) ds vkèkkj ij dh gSA

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