Page 314 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_HINDI

funsZ'ku rFkk ijke'kZ

uksV tk jgk gSA lkekftd thou esa u;s&u;s vk;ke fodflr gks jgs gSa foKku rFkk rduhdh dk fodkl vf/d
rhoz xfr ls gks jgk gSA O;fDrxr fHkÂrkvksa rFkk izo.krk lEcU/h cgq;keh 'kks/ dk;Z gq, gSA

30-1 Hkkjr esa funsZ'ku rFkk ijke'kZ dh leL;k,¡ (Problems of Guidance and
Counseling in India)

gekjs ns'k esa] funsZ'ku dk;Z izkjEHk gks pqdk gS] ysfdu bl dk;Z dh izxfr vR;Ur eUn ,oa vi;kZIr gh gS rFkk
funsZ'ku dk tks oqQN Hkh dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gS og Hkh nks"k;qDr gh gSA bldk eq[; dkj.k&funsZ'ku dk;Z osQ eè;
vkus okyh fofHk leL;k;saA bu leL;kvksa dk mYys[k fuEufyf[kr gSμ

(1) vè;kidksa ij vR;f/d dk;ZHkkj (Excessive Working Load on Teachers)μvè;kid ij gh]
funsZ'ku dk;Z dk izkjfEHkd nkf;Ro gksrk gS] ysfdu gekjs ns'k esa vè;kid dk;Z osQ cks> ls ncs tk jgs gSa
tSlsμd{kkvksa esa fo|k£Fk;ksa dh vR;f/d la[;k] ijh{k.k lEcU/h dk;Z] jftLVj vfHkys[k rFkk vU; vusd
xkS.k dk;ZA ;gh dkj.k gS fd os funsZ'ku lEcU/h mÙkjnkf;Ro dk fuokZg leqfpr :i ls ugha dj ikrs gSaA
(2) vè;kidksa dk :f<+oknh n`f"Vdks.k (Traditionalistic outlook of the Teachers)μgekjs ns'k esa
vf/dka'k os gh O;fDr f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa izfo"V gksrk gS tks vU; {ks=kksa esa voljksa ls oafpr jg tkrs gSaA
,sls O;fDr vR;Ur de la[;k esa gSa ftudh f'k{k.k osQ {ks=k esa :fp gksrh gSA bldk ifj.kke gksrk gS fd
os Hkh u;s o jpukRed dk;ksZ dk fuokZg mRlkgiwoZd ugha dj ikrs rFkk izf'k{k.k izkIr djus osQ mijkUr
Hkh muosQ f'k{k.k dk <ax ijEijkxr gh jgrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vkt gekjs ns'k esa funsZ'ku dk;Z bl
{ks=k esa izxfr ugha dj ik jgk gSA
(3) vf'kf{kr ,oa :f<+oknh vfHkHkkod (Illiterate Parents)μgekjs ns'k dh vf/dka'k turk xk¡oksa eas
fuokl djus osQ dkj.k vf'kf{kr ,oa :f<+oknh gSA ;gk¡ osQ vf/dka'k O;fDr funsZ'ku osQ uke ls vfufHkK
gSaA ftu O;fDr;ksa us funsZ'ku dk uke rd ugha lquk] muls funsZ'ku osQ egRo dks le>us dh vis{kk oSQls
dh tk ldrh gSa\ blosQ vfrfjDr tks vfHkHkkod f'kf{kr gSa] os Hkh vius ckydksa dks viuh ijEijkuqlkj
O;olk;&p;u gsrq ckè; djrs gSaA O;kolk; osQ p;u esa mudk n`f"Vdks.k fu"i{k gksus osQ ctk; i{kikriw.kZ
gksrk gSA ;g Hkh funsZ'ku dh izxfr esa ,d egRoiw.kZ leL;k gSA
(4) vizf'kf{kr vè;kid (Lack of Training on the Past of the Teacher)μHkkjr esa] vizf'kf{kr f'k{kdksa
,oa vizf'kf{kr funsZ'kdksa osQ dkj.k] funsZ'ku iznku djus esa vR;Ur dfBukbZ gksrh gS] D;ksafd funsZ'ku iznku
djuk tulkekU; vFkok lkekU; O;fDr;ksa dks dk;Z ugha gSA bl dk;Z dks ek=k ;ksX;] izf'kf{kr] oqQ'ky ,oa
/S;Z;qDr O;fDr gh oqQ'kyrk osQ lkFk dj ldrs gSaA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd funsZ'ku izfØ;k esa FkksM+h lh
vlko/kuh ls ,d O;fDr dk leLr thou u"V gks ldrk gSA vr% v/wjk Kku izkIr funsZ'ku vFkok f'k{kd
dks funsZ'ku dk;Z dks ugha lkSaiuk pkfg,A

(5) fo|ky;ksa esa ikB~;Øe (Curriculum in Schools)μLorU=krk izkfIr osQ mijkUr gekjs ns'k esa csfld
f'k{kk ,oa cgqmís';h; fo|ky;ksa dh LFkkiuk rks dh tk jgh gS ysfdu bu fo|ky;ksa esa Kku dh fofHkÂ
'kk[kkvksa (fo"k;ksa) osQ f'k{k.k dh O;oLFkk dk vHkko gS] ifj.kkeLo:i fo|k£Fk;ksa dh mudh :fp {kerk
,oa ;ksX;rkuq:i bu fo|ky;ksa esa f'k{kk iznku ugha dh tk ldrh gSA
(6) nks"k;qDr ijh{kk iz.kkyh (Defective Examination System)μgekjs ns'k esa izpfyr ijh{kk iz.kkyh
vR;Ur nks"k;qDr gSA ijh{kk esa oLrqfu"Brk ,oa oS"k;fdrk dk vHkko gSA fo|kFkhZ ek=k oqQN egRoiw.kZ iz'uksa
osQ mÙkjksa dks ;kn djosQ gh ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ dj ysrs gSaA bl iz.kkyh ls dksbZ Hkh Nk=k] fdlh Hkh fo"k; dh
ijh{kk dks ikl dj ysrk gSA bl izdkj] fo|k£Fk;ksa dh :fp;ksa] {kerkvksa ,oa ;ksX;rkvksa vkfn osQ leqfpr
Kku osQ vHkko esa funsZ'ku dk;Z lEHko ugha gks ikrk gSA

308 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY