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Educational Management

Notes Educational Management of Teaching-Learning Process

This concept is based upon modern theory of organization. It is task and relationship - cetred. This
has two type of teaching activities :
First activity is to organize teaching learning situations and second activity is to perform teaching
learning tasks. Betrand Russel has pointed out these two teaching activities :
“First alteriag the position of matter at or near the earth’s surface, relative to other such matter :
second is to tell other people to do so.”
He has described the four major activities which he performs in four steps : Step I-Planning, Step II-
Organizing, Step III-Leading, and Step IV-Controlling or Evaluating. The design of teaching-learning
system is prepared with the help of these steps. These steps include the following activities :
1. Analysis of the whole system.
2. Task analysis.
3. Entering behaviours the learner.
4. Specification of knowledge, skills and attitudes of the students.
5. Identifying the students-needs.
6. Formulation of learning objectives.
7. Organizing learning resources.
8. Selecting appropriate teaching strategies.
9. Encouraging and motivating students-activities.
10. Evaluation of teaching system.
11. Learning and teaching system.
12. Observing the learning system
13. Modification in teaching-learning system.
14. Planning for the criterion test, and
15. Construction of criterion test.
These activities can be put under four steps of teaching-learning process.
First Step : Planning : Before going to the classroom, teachers analyse the content or topic into its
elements which are arranged in logical sequence. He formulates his teaching objectives in behavioural
terms. He selects the appropriate teaching strategies. This step consists of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 14 and 15
activities of teaching learning process as given above list. Teacher must have knowledge and skill
about these activities, then he may be able to solve the problems of learning system and can make
his teaching effective. The planning is an important step of managing teaching learning.
Second Step : Organizing : This is the second step of managing teaching learning process. The
learning sources and organized by the teacher so that he can achieve the objectives successfully. The
effective and economical resources are used. In this step learning environment and learning structures
are generated by the teacher for realizing the learning objectives. The teacher has to take decision
about teaching strategies, teaching aids and tactics of teaching. In this way, this step includes two
major activities : 7-organizing learning resources and 11- learning and teaching system. This step
requires the training of teaching skills and practising teaching skills, then the teacher can make his
teaching effective. The main problem of this step is to integrate teaching and learning resources.
Third Step : Leading : The teacher’s task is to motivate the students-activities, In managing teaching-
learning process, the teacher encourages and praises the students-activities and behaviours so that
they can learn by being active and learning objectives can be achieved. The leading is an individual
activity. The most important aspect is that, how does a teacher motivate his students in leaning
process ? The main task’ of teacher is to encourage, to guide and to observe the students activities
so that the learning objectives may be achieved.

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