Page 109 - DEDU503_EDUCATIONAL_MANAGEMENT_HINDI

bdkbZ—9% fu;U=k.k vkSj fu;qfDr

9-1 fu;U=k.k dk vFkZ vkSj izfØ;k (Meaning and Process of Controlling) uksV

f'k{k.k osQ fu;kstu] mldh O;oLFkk rFkk ekxZn'kZu osQ i'pkr~ mldk pkSFkk vfUre ,oa egRoiw.kZ lksiku gSμf'k{k.k
dk fu;U=k.k (Controlling of Teacher)A fu;U=k.k dk rkRi;Z f'k{k.k&vfèkxe dh izfØ;k dk mís';ksa osQ lUnHkZ
esa ewY;kadu rFkk ekiu djuk gSA Lej.k jgs fd tc f'k{k.k osQ mís'; izkIr gks tkrs gSa rks f'k{k.k dks lkFkZd le>k
tkrk gSA blosQ foijhr ;fn mís';ksa dh izkfIr vkaf'kd :i ls gqbZ gks vFkok fcYoqQy u gqbZ rks f'k{kd dk oqQ'ky
O;oLFkkid osQ :i esa f'k{k.k ifjfLFkfr osQ fu;kstu (Planning), O;oLFkk (Organisation) rFkk ekxZn'kZu
(Leading) esa vko';d ifjorZu dj ysuk pkfg,] ftlls iwoZ fuèkkZfjr ,oa ifjHkkf"kr mís'; izkIr gks tk,¡A bl
izdkj f'k{kd dks vius }kjk fd, x, f'k{k.k dh lkFkZdrk dks ns[kus osQ fy, mldk ewY;kadu rFkk ekiu dj ysuk
pkfg,A fu;U=k.k dh ifjHkk"kk nsrs gq, Msoht egksn; us Li"V 'kCnksa esa fy[kk gSμ¶f'k{k.k esa fu;U=k.k f'k{kd dk
og dk;Z gS ftlesa og ;g fuèkkZfjr djrk gS fd D;k mldh ;kstuk,¡ izHkko'kkyh <ax ls ykxw dh tk jgh gSa] O;oLFkk
'kfDr'kkyh gS] ekxZ&n'kZu lgh fn'kk esa gS vkSj , lc dk;Z iwoZ&fuf'pr mís';ksa dk ekiu djus esa dgk¡ rd
liQy gSA¸

fu;U=k.k dh fØ;k }kjk tgk¡ ,d vksj f'k{k.k ifjfLFkfr osQ fu;kstu] O;oLFkk rFkk ekxZn'kZu esa vko';d gsj&isQj
djosQ f'k{k.k dks liQy cukus esa lgk;rk feyrh gS ogkW nwljh vksj blosQ }kjk ikB~;Øe] f'k{k.k dh uhfr;ksa]
izfof/;ksa rFkk ;qfDr;ksa osQ lqèkkj djus esa Hkh i;kZIr lgk;rk feyrh gSA
fu;a=k.k izfØ;k (Controlling Process)

fu;U=k.k esa f'k{k.k osQ rhu izeq[k inksa dk vuqlj.k fd;k tkrk gS] tks fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
(1) vfèkxe O;oLFkk dk ewY;kadu (Evaluating the Learning System)A
(2) vfèkxe dk ekiu (Measuring Learning)A
(3) vfèkxe mís';ksa }kjk O;oLFkk (Managing By Learning Objectives)A
1- vfèkxe O;oLFkk dk ewY;kadu (Evaluating the Learning System)

oqQN le; iwoZ rd ijh{kk iz.kkyh esa pkjksa vksj fucUèkkRed ijh{kkvksa dk cksyckyk FkkA , ijh{kk,¡ vfèkxe mís';ksa
dh vksj è;ku u nsrs gq, osQoy ikB~;&oLrq osQ jVus ij cy nsrh Fkha ftlls fo|kFkhZ ijh{kk esa mÙkh.kZ gks tk,¡A bu
ijh{kkvksa osQ }kjk fo|k£Fk;ksa dh Hkk"kk] 'kSyh] fopkj] roZQ rFkk vfHkO;atu ,oa vkykspuk vkfn ekufld 'kfDr;ksa
dh tk¡p rks ljyrkiwoZd gks tkrh Fkh ijUrq muosQ O;fDrRo osQ vU; i{kksa tSlsμ#fp;ksa] #>kuksa] laosxksa rFkk vknrksa
,oa O;ogkjksa dk ijh{k.k ugha fd;k tk ldrk FkkA bl nks"k;qDr ijh{kk iz.kkyh osQ nks"kksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, ,d
ubZ ijh{k.k&fofèk dk fodkl vejhdk esa gqvk ftls ewY;kadu dh laKk nh tkrh gSA gekjs ns'k esa Hkh f'kdkxks osQ
izfl¼ f'k{kk 'kkL=kh MkW- ch- Cywe (Bloom) osQ ijke'kZ osQ vuqlkj ewY;kadu&fofèk dk iz;ksx lu~ 1958 bZ- ls gks
x;k gSA

(a) ewY;kadu dk vFkZ (Meaning of Evaluation)μewY;kadu ,d ,slh lkekftd rFkk euksoSKkfud izfØ;k gS
ftldk iz;ksx thou osQ izR;sd {ks=k esa fnu izfrfnu gksrk jgrk gSA ge ns[krs gSa fd izR;sd O;fDr tgk¡ ,d vksj
nwljs O;fDr;ksa osQ O;ogkjksa dk ewY;kadu djrk gS ogk¡ nwljh vksj og nwljksa osQ O;kogkfjd ifjorZuksa dks vk/kj ekurs
gq, vius dk;Z dk ewY;kadu Hkh le;≤ ij djrk jgrk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy, ,d ekyh vius ikSèkksa dk ewY;kadu
mudh lqUnjrk ifjorZuksa dks ns[k dj djrk gSA Lej.k jgs fd ftl izdkj ekyh rFkk MkWDVj ,oa vU; O;fDr
vius&vius dk;ks± dks muosQ ifj.kkeksa osQ vuqlkj ewY;kadu djrs gSa] mlh izdkj f'k{kd Hkh vius f'k{k.k dk;Z dk
ewY;kadu fo|k£Fk;ksa esa gq, O;kogkfjd ifjorZuksa dks vkèkkj ekudj djrk gSA è;ku nsus dh ckr gS f'k{kk osQ {ks=k
esa ewY;kadu dk lEcUèk vfèkxe mís';ksa (Learning Objectives) ls gksrk gSA vr% izR;sd f'k{kd vius f'k{k.k
dk ewY;kadu djrs le; ;g ns[krk gS fd fo|k£Fk;ksa osQ O;ogkj esa tks Hkh ifjorZu gq, os vHkh"V vf/xe mís';ksa

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