Page 113 - DEDU503_EDUCATIONAL_MANAGEMENT_HINDI

bdkbZ—9% fu;U=k.k vkSj fu;qfDr

(d) ewY;kadu dh izfofèk;k¡ (Techniques of Evaluation) uksV
ewY;kadu dh izfofèk;k¡ mu izfofèk;ksa dks dgrs gSa ftuosQ }kjk fo|k£Fk;ksa osQ u osQoy rF;kRed Kku dh tk¡p dh
tkrh gS oju~ muosQ O;kogkfjd ifjorZuksa dk ewY;kadu Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA f'k{k.k osQ vusd mís'; gSa vkSj izR;sd
mís'; osQ }kjk fo|k£Fk;ksa osQ KkukRed] HkkokRed rFkk fØ;kRed i{kksa esa fofHkUu izdkj osQ ifjorZu gks ldrs gSaA
bl lHkh izdkj osQ O;kogkfjd ifjorZuksa dk ewY;kadu djus osQ fy, fyf[kr (fucUèkkRed rFkk oLrqfu"B)] ekSf[kd
(Oral) rFkk izk;ksfxd (Practical) ijh{kk,¡] lk{kkRdkj (Interview), iz'ukoyh (Questionnaire) er lwph
(Check list), vfHk#fp lwph (Interest Inventory), vfHko`fÙk lwph (Attitude Scale), js¯Vx LosQy (Rating
Scale), ewY;ksa dh ijh{kk (Value Test), vfHkys[k (Records), fo|k£Fk;ksa }kjk mRikfnr oLrqvksa (Student’s
Products), rFkk fujh{k.k (Observation) ,oa ekun.M] 'kfDr ijh{k.k (Criterion Power Test) vkfn fofHkUu
izdkj dh izfofèk;ksa dk iz;ksx djus dh vko';drk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy, KkukRed i{k (Cognative Aspect) esa
gksus okys O;ogkj ifjorZuksa dk ewY;kadu fyf[kr (fucUèkkRed oLrqfu"B)] ekSf[kd rFkk izk;ksfxd ijh{kkvksa ,oa
fujh{k.k osQ }kjk fd;k tk ldrk gS] HkkokRed i{k esa gksus okys O;ogkj ifjorZuksa dk ewY;kadu fujh{k.k] js¯Vx
LosQy] vfHk#fp lwph] vfHko`fÙk lwph] ewY;ksa dh ijh{kk rFkk vkaf'kd :i ls fucUèkkRed ijh{kk }kjk fd;k tk ldrk
gS ,oa fØ;kRed i{k esa gksus okys O;ogkj ifjorZuksa dk ewY;kadu iz;ksfxd ijh{kkvksa }kjk liQykiwoZd fd;k tk
ldrk gSA
Lej.k jgs fd ewY;kadu dh izfofèk;ksa esa ekun.M 'kfDr ijh{kk (Criterieon Power Test) dk fo'ks"k egRo gksrk
gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd , ijh{kk,¡ mís'; osQfUnzr gksrh gaSA vr% blosQ }kjk O;ogkj ifjorZu dk ewY;kadu vklkuh
ls liQyrkiwoZd fd;k tk ldrk gSA è;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd ekun.M 'kfDr ijh{kk esa rhu xq.k gksus pkfg,A os
xq.k gSaμ(i) mi;qDrrk (Appropriateness), (ii) izHkkoksRikndrk (Effectiveness) rFkk (iii) iz;ksxkRedrk
(Practicability)A nwljs 'kCnksa esa ekun.M 'kfDr ijh{kk ,sls gks tks okafNr mís';ksa dk ekiu dj losQ] ekiu
dk;Z lEiUu djus esa leFkZ gks vFkkZr~ fo'oluh; (Reliable) rFkk oSèk (Valid) gks ,oa ftls lqfo/kiwoZd
fd;k tk losQA

9-2 fu;qfDr (Staffing)

gekjs ns'k esa dbZ izdkj dh f'k{k.k laLFkk,¡ gS vkSj mudk izcUèk Hkh dbZ lHkkvksa ;k O;fDr;ksa }kjk gksrk gSA ifj.kke
Lo:i gj laLFkk esa vè;kidksa dh fu;qfDr dk <ax fHkUu&fHkUu gksrk gSA eq[; :i ls gekjs ns'k esa rhu izdkj osQ
LowQy gSaA ljdkjh] vèkZljdkjh rFkk X + kSj ljdkjhA
ljdkjh LowQyksa esa fu;qfDr djus osQ fy, dksbZ lfefr gksrh gSA ftlosQ lnL; f'k{kk&{ks=k dh lkèkkj.k tkudkjh j[krs
gSa] blfy, mudh lgk;rk osQ fy, ,d foHkkxh; vfèkdkjh fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mlosQ ijke'kZ ls vè;kidksa
dk pquko gks tkrk gSA ;g pquko Hkys gh fdruk vPNk D;ksa u gks_ ij blesa vusd =kqfV;ksa dh 'kadk fo|eku jgrh
gSA dkj.k ;g gS fd gj izkUr esa ljdkjh LowQyksa dh la[;k cgqr gksrh gS] bl izdkj bdV~Bs pqus x, vè;kidksa esa
ls izR;sd dh fu;qfDr fo'ks"k LowQy dh vko';drkvksa dks ns[k dj ugha dh tkrh_ vfirq izojrk lwph osQ vuqlkj
djrs gSaA bl izdkj LowQy osQ ;k ogka osQ Nk=kksa osQ HkkX; esa tSlk Hkh vè;kid vk tk, mUgsa lUrks"k djuk iM+rk
gSA visf{kr rks ;g gS fd ftl LowQy osQ fy, vè;kid pquk tkrk gS ogk¡ osQ eq[;kè;kidksa dk ijke'kZ fy;k tk,
ijUrq nqHkkZX; ls gekjs f'k{kk foHkkx osQ vkèkqfud <k¡ps esa nhu&eq[;kè;kidksa dh {kh.k&iqdkj lqurk gh dkSu gS\
vc vèkZljdkjh LowQyksa dks yhft,A vèkZljdkjh LowQyksa dh n'kk ljdkjh LowQyksa ls Hkh vfèkd n;uh; ,oa 'kkspuh;
gSA dkj.k ;g gS fd budk izcUèk nks osQ gkFk esa gksrk gSA }Sr&'kklu esa fdlh laLFkk dk lqpk# :i ls pyuk lgt
ugha gSA blesa ljdkj LFkkuh; fudk; (Local body) dks LowQy pykus osQ fy, fo'ks"k vuqnku nsrh gSA vè;kidksa
dh fu;qfDr ljdkjh&deZpkjh LFkkuh; fudk; osQ vfèkdkjh osQ vuqeksnu (Approval) ls djrs gSaA dbZ ckj nksuksa

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