Page 159 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—10% in fo'ys"k.k% in dfBurk] foHksnhdj.k lwph] fod"kZu dh izHkko'khyrk

izdkj osQ inksa dh jpuk dh tkrh gS vkSj muesa vuqeku ls lgh djus osQ volj Hkh vyx&vyx gksrs gSaA tSlsμlR; uksV
vkSj vlR; izdkj osQ inksa dks vuqeku ls lgh djus dk 50 izfr'kr volj gksrk gS tc fd cgqfodYi iz'uksa esa
;g volj de gks tkrk gSA ;fn fodYiksa dh la[;k pkj gS rks vuqeku ls lgh djus dk izfr'kr 25 gSA ;fn fodYiksa
dh la[;k c<+kdj ik¡p dj nh tk;s rks vuqeku ls lgh djus dk izfr'kr 20 jg tkrk gSA euksoSKkfudksa us vuqeku
ls lgh djus osQ lw=k osQ iz;ksx dk lq>ko fn;k gS] fdUgha ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vuqeku osQ lw=k dk iz;ksx djus ls Í.kkRed
eku izkIr gksrk gS tks O;kogkfjd foKkuksa osQ ekiu esa U;k;ksfpr ugha gSA bldk vFkZ ;g gS fd ijh{kkFkhZ ,d nf.Mr
gqvkA vuqeku ls lgh djus osQ lw=k dh ;g voèkkj.kkk gS fd izR;sd ijh{kkFkhZ vuqeku ls lgha djus dk iz;kl
djrk gS ijUrq oqQN ijh{kkFkhZ ,sls vo'; gksrs gSa] tks vuqeku ls lgh djus dk iz;kl ugha djrs mUgsa Hkh nf.Mr
fd;k tkrk gSA
(2) ijh{kkFkhZ dk vfUre in rd u igq¡puk (The examinees not reaching to the last item)μtSlk igys
mYys[k fd;k tk pqdk gS fd okLro esa dksbZ 'kfDr ijh{k.k (Power Test) ugha gksrk gSA lHkh ijh{k.kksa esa le;
lhfer gksrk gSA blfy, og xR;kRed ijh{k.k (Speeded test) gksrs gSaA in fo'ys"k.k osQ fy, ijh{k.k dks ,d
lewg ij fn;k tkrk gS] ijUrq fuèkkZfjr le; esa lewg osQ oqQN ijh{kkFkhZ vfUre iz'uksa rd ugha igq¡p ikrs gSa] ;fn
mUgsa le; fey ikrk rks 'kk;n os lgh dj ldrs FksA ;g leL;k in fo'ys"k.k es jgrh gSA nwljs mUgksaus ftrus in
lgh fd, mudksa mlesa vuqeku ls lgh djus osQ fy, nf.Mr fd;k x;kA
(3) in vkSj ijh{k.k osQ izkIrkadksa esa lg&lEcUèk (Correlation between item and total scores)μlkèkkj.kr;k%
in fo'ys"k.k esa mPp vkSj fuEu oxZ dk foHkktu mlh ijh{k.k osQ izkIrkadksa osQ vkèkkj ij fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mPp
,oa fuEu oxZ osQ vuqikr osQ vUrj ls foHksnhdj.k lwpkad dh x.kuk dh tkrh gSA bldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd in dk
lg&lEcUèk ijh{k.k osQ izkIrkadksa ls fudkyk x;kA in nksuksa LFkkuksa ij dk;Z djrk gSA blfy, ;g lg&lEcUèk Ñf=ke
gh gksxkA
(4) f}&èkqzoh; inksa ls lEcfUèkr leL;k,¡ (Problem relating to bi-polar items)μoqQN ijh{k.kksa esa bl
izdkj osQ inksa dks lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gS fd muosQ fy, nks izdkj osQ fodYi fn, tkrs gSa] tSlsμlR;@vlR;]
gk¡@uk] lger@vlger vkSj muosQ cukrs le; ;g è;ku j[kk tk;s fd 50 izfr'kr lR; lgh gksaxs vkSj 50 izfr'kr
vlR; lgh gksaxs vkSj lgh osQ fy, ,d vad rFkk xyr osQ fy, 'kwU; vad fn;s tk;saxsA ,sls ijh{k.kksa osQ in fo'ys"k.k
esa dfBukbZ ;g vkrh gS fd èkukRed in dk lg&lEcUèk] Í.kkRed in ls djuk gksrk gS rFkk Í.kkRed in dk
lg&lEcUèk èkukRed in ls djuk gksrk gS] D;ksafd lEiw.kZ izkIrkadksa esa Í.kkRed vkSj èkukRed nksuksa inksa osQ vad
lfEefyr gksrs gSa tks U;k;ksfpr ugha gSA

(5) vokafNr dkjdksa dh leL;k (Problems of unwanted factors)μxR;kRed ijh{k.k ltkrh; rFkk
fotkrh; nksuksa izdkj osQ gksrs gSaA tks ijh{k.k fotkrh; gksrs gSa] muesa fofHkÂ&;ksX;rkvksa osQ inksa dks lfEefyr fd;k
tkrk gSA tSlsμf'k{k.k izo.krk ijh{k.k osQ vUrxZr 'kkfCnd] v'kkfCnd] rk£dd ;ksX;rkvksa osQ ekiu osQ fy, rhu
izdkj osQ inksa dks lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gSA 'kkfCnd ;ksX;rk] v'kkfCnd ;ksX;rk] la[;kRed ;ksX;rk dks lfEefyr
fd;k tkrk gSA ,sls ijh{k.k osQ in fo'ys"k.k esa 'kkfCnd in dk lg&lEcUèk] la[;kRed in ls ns[kk tk;sxk rFkk
la[;kRed in dk lg&lEcUèk 'kfCnd ls ns[kk tk;sxk] ftlls in osQ dfBukbZ foHksnhdj.k lwpkad lgh ugha gksaxsA
fotkrh; ijh{k.kksa osQ in fo'ys"k.k esa ;g leL;k jgrh gSA

10-9 in fo'ys"k.k dk ewY;kadu (Evaluation of Item Analysis)

in&fo'ys"k.k osQ ewY;kadu osQ vkèkkj ij vèkksfyf[kr dFku fn, x, gSaμ
1- dfBukbZ Lrj rFkk foHksnhdj.k dh 'kfDr ij fo'ys"k.k fofèk ,oa U;kn'kZ ij vkèkkfjr gksrh gS] lkekU;hdj.k
ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 153