Page 169 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—11% ijh{k.k osQ ekud dk fodkl

3- 'krka'kh; ekud (Percentile Norms)μfdlh ijh{k.k esa 'krka'kh; ekud ls gekjk vfHkizk; ml ijh{k.k ij uksV
Nk=kksa osQ fdlh cM+s lewg }kjk izkIr izkIrkadksa osQ fofHkUu 'krkadksa ls gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] 'krka'kh; eku os izkIrkad gSa
ftuls de vad izkIr djus okys Nk=kksa dh la[;k ,d nh xbZ izfr'kr osQ cjkcj gksrh gSA mnkgj.kμipgÙkjok¡ (75th)
'krka'kh; eku blls vfèkd vad izkIr djrs gSaA 'krka'kh; ekud fudkyus esa O;fDr dh rqyuk ml lewg ls djrs
gSa ftldk fd og lnL; gSA 'krka'kh; iQykadksa dk vFkZ gSμ'krka'kksa esa O;Dr O;fDr dh Js.khA eku yhft, 100
fo|kFkhZ fdlh nkSM+ esa Hkkx ys jgs gSaA ,d fo|kFkhZ lcls rst nkSM+rk gS vkSj nkSM+ esa izFke vkrk gSA og 99 fo|k£Fk;ksa
ls nkSM+ esa vPNk gS vr% mldk izfr'kr eku 99 gSA nkSM+ esa nwljh fLFkfr ij vkus okyk fo|kFkhZ 98 fo|k£Fk;ksa ls
vPNk gS vFkkZr mldh izfr'kred fLFkfr 98th gSA igys vkSj nwljs fo|kFkhZ osQ chp esa fdruh gh nwjh D;ksa u gks
mldh izfr'kred fLFkfr esa dksbZ vUrj ugha vk ldrkA tks fo|kFkhZ lcls ihNs gS mlosQ ihNs vkSj dksbZ nkSM+us okyk
fo|kFkhZ ugha gS blfy, mldh izfr'kred fLFkfr 'kwU; ekuh tk;sxhA blh izdkj] 'kSf{kd fLFkfr;ksa esa tc dbZ Nk=kksa
dk vè;;u fd;k tk;s ;k fofHkUu fo|ky;ksa osQ Nk=kksa osQ eè; rqyuk dh tk;s rks ;g mi;ksxh jgrk gS fd mu Øeksa
dks 'krred Øe (Percentile ranks) esa :ikUrfjr dj fy;k tk;A lkèkkj.k :i esa] ¶'krka'kh; ekiuh
(Percentile Scale) ij ;g ,d ,slk fcUnq gS ftlosQ uhps fdlh fooj.k dk ,d fuf'pr izfr'kr iM+rk gSA¸
(Percentile is the point on the scale below which a fixed percentage of the distribution falls.)
pw¡fd] budk iz;ksx ,d gh lkekU; lewg osQ leLr O;fDr;ksa ij izR;sd fLFkfr esa lEHko gksrk gS blfy, buosQ
lEcUèk esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd] ¶'krka'kh; ekud fdlh fo'ks"k lewg esa O;fDr osQ izkIrkadksa osQ foospu dk vkèkkj
iznku djrs gSaA¸
(Percentile norms provide a basis for interpreting the score of an individual in terms of his
standing in some particular group.)
'krka'kh; ,oa 'krka'kh; Øe (P.R.) dh x.kuk djus osQ fy;s eku yhft;s fdlh cM+s lewg ij ijh{k.k iz'kkflr djus
ij M = 100, S.D. = 10 rks mlosQ fy;s fofHkUu 'krka'kh; (Percentiles) bl izdkj gksaxsμ
90th 100 + 1.28 × 10 = 112.8[90 = 50 + 40 (4000σ Value]
80th 100 + .84 × 10 = 108.4
70th 100 + .52 × 10 = 105.2
60th 100 + .25 × 10 = 102.5
50th 100 + .0 × 10 = 100.0
40th 100 – .25 × 10 = 97.5
30th 100 – .52 × 10 = 94.8
20th 100 – .84 × 10 = 91.6
10th 100 – 1.28 × 10 = 87.2
mijksDr vkèkkj ij ;fn fdlh O;fDr dks veqd ijh{k.k nsus ij 100 vad izkIr gksrs gS rks mldk P.R. 50 gksxk
rFkk mldk fu"iknu vkSlr Lrj dk ekuk tk;sxkA
fo'ks"krk,¡ (Merits)

1- 'krkad ekud vklkuh ls fodflr fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
2- budk foospu ljy gksrk gSA
3- budh lgk;rk ls ,sls iQykad Hkh ftudh bdkb;k¡ vkSj la[;kRed izfreku leku ugha gksrs vFkZiw.kZ <ax
ls O;Dr fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
4- 'krka'kh; ekud fudkyus esa ;g vko';d ugha gS fd igys ,d izfrfufèkRo U;kn'kZ (Representative
Sample) fy;k tk; tSlk fd vU; ijh{k.kksa esa fd;k tkrk gSA vr% bu ekudksa esa iwoZ&vfHkèkkj.kk
(Hypothesis) ugha cukuh iM+rhA blfy, budk iz;ksx vR;Ur foLr`r :i ls fd;k tkrk gSA

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