Page 365 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—30% vfHko`fÙk izo.krk] O;fDrRo rFkk cqf¼ dk ekiu

“An aptitude is a characteristics or set of conditions, that are symptomatic to the individual’s ability to uksV
acquire with sum specified training some knowledge or skill or set of responses in a given field.”
–Bingham

bu nksuksa gh ifjHkk"kkvksa esa osQoy Hkk"kkxr vUrj gS] ;fn fo"k; oLrq ns[ksa rks nksuksa gh ifjHkk"kkvksa esa dksbZ
vUrj ugha gSA okjsu us Hkh tks ifjHkk"kk nh gS] mlesa Hkh osQoy Hkk"kk dk gh vUrj gSA okjsu dh ifjHkk"kk
;gk¡ nh x;h gSA
okjsu us vius 'kCn dks"k esa vfHk;ksX;rk osQ lEcU/ esa dgk gSμ¶vfHk;ksX;rk og n'kk ;k xq.kksa dk :i gS tks
O;fDr dks ml ;ksX;rk dh vkSj laosQr djrh gS] tks izf'k{k.k osQ ckn Kku] n{krk ;k izfrfØ;kvksa dks lh[krk
gS_ tSlsμHkk"kk cksyus ;k laxhrksRiknu dh ;ksX;rkA¸
“A condition of set of characteristics regarded as symptomatic of a individual’s ability to acquire with
training some knowledge, skill, or set or responses such as the ability to speak a language to produce music
etc.” –Warren
izo.krk ,d orZeku fLFkfr gS tks Hkfo"; dh vksj laosQr djrh gSA vè;kidksa o ekrk&firk dks ;g dgrs lquk tkrk
gS fd og tUetkr dfo gS ;k mlesa fp=kkadu dh izfrHkk gSA dFku ls Li"V gS fd ;s O;fDr dksbZ fo'ks"k xq.k ;k
izfrHkk j[krs gSa] tks vU; esa ugha] ;gh xq.k ;k ;ksX;rk ^vfHk;ksX;rk* osQ uke ls tkus tkrs gSaA okjsu }kjk nh x;h
ifjHkk"kk bl ckr ij laosQr ugha djrh fd og vfHk;ksX;rk tUetkr gS ;k v£trA
VsªDlyjμ¶izo.krk O;fDr dh n'kk ;k xq.kksa dk laxzg gS tks lEHkkfor foLrkj dh vksj laosQr djrh gS tksfd O;fDr
oqQN Kku] n{krk ;k Kku vkSj {kerkvksa dk feJ.k] izf'k{k.k }kjk izkIr djsxk_ tSlsμdyk ;k laxhr esa ;ksxnku
djus dh ;ksX;rk] ;kfU=kd ;k fons'kh Hkk"kk ;k i<+us dh ;ksX;rkA¸
VsªDlyj us viuh laf{kIr ifjHkk"kk esa Li"V fd;k gS fd ¶izo.krk orZeku n'kk gS] tks O;fDr osQ Hkfo"; dh {kerkvksa
dh vksj laosQr djrh gSA¸
“Aptitude is a present condition which is indicative of an individual’s potentialities for the future.”
VsªDlyj us izo.krk dks osQoy tUetkr ugha ekuk gSA mlus Li"V fd;k gS fd vfHk;ksX;rk ijh{k.k LokHkkfod
izo`fÙk;ksa (Innate Tendencies) vkSj izf'k{k.k osQ izHkko dk ijh{k.k djrh gSA vr% ijh{kkiQyksa esa oa'kkuqØe ,oa
ifjos'k osQ izHkko dks i`Fkd ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
30-2-1 izo.krk dh fo'ks"krk,¡ (Characteristics of Aptitude)

lqij osQ vuqlkj izo.krk dh pkj fo'ks"krk,¡ gksrh gaSμ
(1) fof'k"Vrk (Specificity),
(2) ,dkRed lajpuk (Unitary Composition),

(3) lh[kus dh lqxerk (Facilitation of Learning) rFkk
(4) fLFkjrk (Constancy)A
¯c?ke us izo.krk dh fuEufyf[kr fo'ks"krk,¡ crk;h gSaμ
(1) fdlh O;fDr dh vfHk;ksX;rk n'kk ;k xq.kksa dk lfEeJ.k gS tks mldh {kerkvksa dh vksj laosQr djrh gSa
;g {kerk tUetkr rFkk okrkoj.k tU; nksuksa gh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh ml O;olk; esa mldh vfHk;ksX;rk ugha gSA
(2) izo.krk fdlh dk;Z esa lEHkkO; ;ksX;rk ls Hkh vf/d gSA blesa fdlh fØ;k dks iw.kZ djus esa mi;qDrrk
dk Hkko Hkh fufgr gSA ,d O;fDr fdlh O;olk; dks ;fn ilUn ugha djrk gS vkSj mlesa izoh.krk gh ik;h
tkrh gS rks dgk tk ldrk gS fd ml O;olk; esa mldh vfHk;ksX;rk ugha gSA
(3) izo.krk fdlh oLrq dk uke ugha gSA ;g ,d vewrZ izR;; gSA ;g O;fDr osQ xq.kksa dh vksj laosQr djrh
gSA vfHk;ksX;rk O;fDrRo dk vax gSA

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