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ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
È؇ j/mK jB. fJj fJ; ;zdoG ft~u j? fe p~u/ dk g{ok ftek; eoD ft~u ns/ p~u/ d/ g{o/ ftek; dk nzfsw nkebD
eoD ft~u ns/ pkjoh gqhfynk d/ g{oe d/ o{g ft~u ;hH ;hH JhH Bz{ Io{oh wj~st d/ e/ ;ss ns/ ftnkge
w[~bKeD (;hH ;hH JhH) Bz{ gfjukD fd~sh iKdh j?.
1H1 f;~fynk gohyD dh ;zebgBk
1H1 f;~fynk gohyD dh ;zebgBk
1H1 f;~fynk gohyD dh ;zebgBk
1H1 f;~fynk gohyD dh ;zebgBk
1H1 f;~fynk gohyD dh ;zebgBk (Concept of Educational Testing)
gohyD fJ~e w[~bKeD BjhA j? gqzs{ fJj fJ~e w[~bKeD d/ bJh ;{uBk, nKeV/ iK ;p{s fJ~em/ eoD dk ;kXB
pD ;edk j?. gohyD fJ~e pj[s wj~stg{oD ns/ gqhfynk ns/ w[~bKeD dh fe;/ th gqDkbh ft~u ;G s'A
fInkdk tosh ikD tkbh seBhe j?. fJj ;{uBk iK nKeV/ fJ~em/ eoD bJh T[geoDK dh tos'A dh
gfoebgBk eodh j?. fbfys gqhfynktK ft~u, gqPB g~so ftfdnkoEhnK dhnK T[gbpXhnK pko/ ikDekoh
fJ~emh eoD ns/ gqkgs eoD dk ;G s'A PeshPkbh ekoiekoh T[geoD j?.
1H2 f;~fynk gohyD dk gq;zr
1H2 f;~fynk gohyD dk gq;zr
1H2 f;~fynk gohyD dk gq;zr
1H2 f;~fynk gohyD dk gq;zr
1H2 f;~fynk gohyD dk gq;zr (Context of Educational Testing)
f;~fynk gqkgsh dh gqhfynk fJ~e nfijh gqhfynk j? i' fJ~e yk; ftP/ iK ftfPnK d/ ;w{j ft~u frnkB, ;wM
iK e[Pbsk Bz{ wkgD bJh pDkJh rJh j?. fJj gqhfynk fJ~e yk; ftP/ fit/A rfDs s~e ;hfws j' ;edh
j? i' jo ftP/ bJh fJ~e nb~r ;e'o T[gi ;edh j? ns/ ;ko/ ftfPnK Bz{ ;z:[es eo e/ fJ~e fJ~emk ;e'o
T[gi ;edh j?.
f;~fynk T[gbpXhnK dhnK gqhfynktK p[~XhwkBh dhnK gqhfynktK s'A fJ; soK fGzB jB fe gfjbhnK tkbhnK
gVkJh d/ fJ~e ftP/ iK ftfPnK d/ ;w{j ft~u e[M ;wKp~X fBod/PK s'A pknd frnkB gqkgsh dh wksok ns/
r[Dt~sk Bkb ;zpzX o~ydhnK jB ns/ d{ihnK nkw nkXko dhnK jB ns/ fJj wkBf;e gqfeqnktK d/ wkg ns/
ftPb/PD bJh jB, ukj/ UBK Bz{ Io{os nB[;ko e[M ;w~roh nfijh brkUDh gt/ i' fe T[gbpXh gqhfynktK
dh ;w~roh Bkb w/b yKdh j't/.
1H2H1 gqfeqsh ns/ ekoi y/so
1H2H1 gqfeqsh ns/ ekoi y/so
1H2H1 gqfeqsh ns/ ekoi y/so
1H2H1 gqfeqsh ns/ ekoi y/so
1H2H1 gqfeqsh ns/ ekoi y/so
fInkdkso f;~fynk gqkgsh gqhfynktK w'N/ s"o T[Zs/ gqkgs ikDekoh iK e[Pbsk ns/ ftef;s seBheK d/ wkg
Bz{ ;wofgs jB.fco th, fgSb/ e[M ;kbK ft~u, nfij/ T[geoD fsnko ehs/ rJ/ jB i' frnkB BshfinK
fit/A BIohJ/ ns/ gqPz;k Bz{ wkgD, ;w~f;nktK Bz{ j~b eoD dh ywsk, ftP/ s'A Bshi/ e~YD ns/ ftP/P
;fEshnK ns/ w[PfebK d/ ;kXkoDheoD bJh tos/ iKd/ jB.
fJ; skIk gohyD ;kw~roh T[Zs/ fInkdk I'o fJ~e gqekPB ft~u ;kc ;kc fu~sfos j? fi; ft~u f;~fynk T[d/PK
dk ft;sko Bkb ftPb/PD ehsk iKdk j?. T[d/PK dhnK S/ w[~y Pq/DhnK jB. fJj jB frnkB, ;wM, nkt/dB,
ftPb/PD, ;zPb/PD ns/ w[~bKeD. fJBK ft~u'A jo fJ~e dk eJh gfjb{nK ft~u ftPb/PD ehsk frnk j?. T[dkjoD
bJh, frnkB Bz{ frnkB ftP/P, UBK ftP/PK Bkb tosD d/ sohfenK ns/ ;kXBK, y/so ft~u ;ot ftnkgesk
ns/ ;{yw ftukoK ft~u tzfvnk frnk j?. fJj th n~r/ frnkB d/ j'o GkrK ft~u tzv/ j'J/ jBL
ftP/P ikDekoh
Ppdktbh
s~EK ns/ ftukoK Bz{ g/P eoD d/ sohe/ ns/ ;kXB
gqftq~shnK ns/ soshpK
torheoD ns/ Pq/DhnK
wkgdzv
ekoi gqDkbh
gqw[~y ftuko
f;XKs ns/ ;kXkoDheoD
f;XKs ns/ ;zouBktK
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