Page 24 - DEDU505_TEACHER_EDUCATION_HINDI

vè;kid f'k{kk

uksV • eqfLye dkyhu f'k{kkμeqfLye dky esa vè;kid f'k{k.k dh dksbZ vkSipkfjd O;oLFkk ugha FkhA f'k{kk ,d
tudk;Z FkhA 'kSf{kd laLFkk;sa ^enjlksa* osQ :i esa FkhaA osQoy ^ekSyoh* gh vè;kid osQ :i esa dk;Z djrs FksA
f'k{kk èkkfeZd FkhA eq[; :i ls ^oqQjku* dh f'k{kk vyx ls nh tkrh FkhA
• fczfV'k dkyhu f'k{kk (Education in British Period)μfczfV'k dkyhu 'kSf{kd O;oLFkk baXySaM dh 'kSf{kd
O;oLFkk osQ vuqlkj LFkkfir dh xbZA ;g f'k{kk dh izxfr'khy O;oLFkk FkhA f'k{kdksa osQ izf'k{k.k dh eksuhVksfj;y
O;oLFkk vkSj f'k{kd izf'k{k.k dh vkSipkfjd O;oLFkk Hkkjr esa vHkh ugh vkbZ FkhA tc vaxzst vk;s rks f'k{kk
osQ {ks=k esa mudk eq[; mís'; Hkkjrh; cPpksa dks fczfV'k O;oLFkk osQ vuq:i f'k{kk nsuk FkkA Hkkjr esa vè;kid
f'k{kk dh vkSipkfjd O;oLFkk osQ :i esas loZizFke MsuekoZQ osQ fe'kufj;ksa us lhjkeiqj (if'pe caxky) esa ,d
vkSipkfjd izf'k{k.k osQanz LFkkfir fd;kA ;g fe'kujht dh O;fDrxr laLFkk FkhA Hkkjr esa vè;kidksa osQ izf'k{k.k
osQ lEcUèk esa ;g igyk dne FkkA
• vè;kid izf'k{k.k (1882&1940)μgVk±x deh'ku us lu~ 1882 esa izkFkfed f'k{kk esa lqèkkj rFkk f'k{kdksa

osQ fy;s izf'k{k.k fo|ky;ksa dh O;oLFkk ij cy fn;kA oqQN ukWeZy LowQyksa dks LFkkfir fd;k x;k] ijUrq ekè;fed
izf'k{k.k laLFkkvksa dh vksj dksbZ fo'ks"k è;ku ugha fn;k x;kA
• 19oha 'krkCnh osQ vUr rd ns'k esa ekè;fed f'k{kdksa osQ fy;s 6 izf'k{k.k fo|ky; enzkl] ykgkSj] jkteqUnjh]
djlksek] tcyiqj vkSj bykgkckn esa FksA
• lu~ 1882 esa Hkkjrh; f'k{kk dh vfu;ferrkvksa dh tk¡p osQ fy;s] Hkkjrh; f'k{kk vk;ksx dk xBu fd;k x;kA
tk¡p djus osQ i'pkr~ vk;ksx us Hkkjrh; f'k{kk esa lqèkkj Loho`Qr fd;sA vk;ksx us vfu;ferrkvksa dks nwj djus
osQ fuEufyf[kr lq>ko fn;sμ
1- Hkkjr ljdkj osQ lu~ 1904 osQ iqulZekèkku esa 'kSf{kd uhfr esa vè;kid f'k{kk dh leL;k
ij cy fn;k x;kA blesa ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ fd] ¶;fn mPp Lrj ij ekè;fed fo|ky;ksa esa
vè;kiu dk dk;Z c<+kuk gS] ;fn fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa ikB~;iqLrd ij fuHkZj gksus dh izo`fÙk ,oa jVus
dh izo`fÙk ?kVkuh gS rks ;wjksih; Kku dk izlkj mi;qDr fofèk osQ }kjk fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA
;g vko';d gS fd f'k{kdksa dks f'k{k.k dh dyk esa izf'kf{kr gksuk pkfg;sA¸
• lu~ 1919 esa dydÙkk fo'ofo|ky; osQ lqèkkj osQ fy;s laLrqfr;ksa osQ fy;s lSMyj vk;ksx fu;qDr fd;k x;kA

bl vk;ksx us ekè;fed fo|ky;ksa osQ vè;kidksa osQ O;kolkf;d izf'k{k.k esa fo'ofo|ky; dh Hkwfedk ij cy
fn;kA
• Hkkjr esa 1937 esa ,d cgqr egÙoiw.kZ vkUnksyu gqvkA egkRek xk¡èkh us dgk fd tc rd fd O;fDr f'kf{kr

u gksa] iw.kZ LorU=krk dk egÙo vuqHko ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
• mÙkj izns'k esa bykgkckn es igyh ckj csfld vè;kid&izf'k{k.k dk dk;Z 'kq: fd;k x;kA ;s vè;kid fo'ks"k

:i ls izkFkfed d{kkvksa osQ fy;s izf'kf{kr fd;s x;sA bu vè;kidksa osQ fy;s bu csfld gLrdykvksa esa fuiq.krk
dh vko';drk vuqHko dh x;h] tSls o`Qf"k foHkkx] x`g foKku bR;kfnA
• vè;kid f'k{kk (1940 ls vc rd)μlktsZUV deh'ku lu~ 1944 esa fiQj ^f'k{kk O;oLFkk esa lqèkkj dh

;kstuk* dks tkWu lktsZUV dk lw=k ekuk x;kA ;g ,d foLr`r ;kstuk Fkh tksfd lHkh Lrjksa ij Loho`Qr gqbZA
• jkèkko`Q".ku vk;ksxμlu~ 1948 esa Hkkjr ljdkj us ,d egku f'k{kkfon~ MkW- loZiYyh jkèkko`Q".ku dh
vè;{krk esa fo'ofo|ky; f'k{kk vk;ksx dk xBu fd;kA bl vk;ksx us lu~ 1949 esa viuh fjiksVZ nhA
• lu~ 1952 esa Hkkjr ljdkj us MkW- ,- ,y- eqnkfy;j dh vè;{krk esa ekè;fed f'k{kk vk;ksx fu;qDr fd;kA
eqnkfy;j lkgc enzkl fo'ofo|ky; esa 13 o"kks± ls okbl pkalyj FksA
• eqnkfy;j deh'ku dh fjiksVZ esa dgk x;k fd f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa fdlh Hkh izdkj osQ lqèkkj dh oqQath vè;kid
gSA blfy;s f'k{kd izf'k{k.k dk lqèkkj cgqr egÙoiw.kZ gSA

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