Page 59 - DEDU505_TEACHER_EDUCATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—3% vè;kid f'k{kk osQ izdkjμlsokjr~] lsokiwoZ ,oa nwjLFk f'k{kk

dh tkuh pkfg,A f}rh; Js.kh esa ekè;fed f'k{kdksa osQ izf'k{k.k dh O;oLFkk dh tkuh pkfg,A uksV
• LorU=krk izkfIr osQ i'pkr~ cPpksa osQ lok±xh.k fodkl ij fo'ks"k cy nsuk vko';d le>k x;kA ;g Hkh fu'p;
fd;k x;k fd cPpksa osQ ikB~;Øe esa 1937 esa izLrkfor csfld f'k{kk ikB~;Øe dk lekos'k fd;k tk;A bl
ikB~;Øe dks nsus osQ fy, ;ksX; vkSj izf'kf{kr vè;kidksa dh vko';drk vuqHko gqbZA vr% f'k{kk osQ fofHkUu
Lrjksa ij vè;kidksa osQ izf'k{k.k ij cy fn;k x;kA
• iwoZ&izkFkfed (Pre-primary) LowQyksa osQ fy, gkbZLowQy mÙkh.kZ (vc b.VjehfM,V ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ vè;kidksa
dks ulZjh (Nursery) fd.MjxkVZu (Kindergarten) rFkk ekW.Vsljh (Montesori) iz.kkfy;ksa esa izf'k{k.k dh
O;oLFkk dh x;hA
• osQUnzh; ljdkj us 1954 esa Hkkjrh; f'k{kk&lfefr (Indian Infant Education Committee) dh LFkkiuk
djosQ iwoZ&izkFkfed vè;kidksa osQ izf'k{k.k dh O;oLFkk dh gSA
• csfld vkSj xSj csfld ikB~;Øeksa esa cgqr cM+k vUrj gSA csfld ikB~;Øe dks pkj oxks±μgLrf'kYi]

f'k{kk'kkL=k] lkekftd vuqHko] vkSj Hkk"kk oxZ esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA oqQN jkT;ksa esa {ks=kh; vko';drk
osQ vuqlkj oqQN vkSj rÙo Hkh lfEefyr dj fy, x;s gSaA xSj csfld ikB~;Øe esa gLrf'kYi (Handicrafts)
dks NksM+dj 'ks"k lHkh fo"k;ksa esa izf'k{k.k fn;k tkrk gSA nksuksa izdkj dh f'k{kk osQ fy, i`Fko~Q&i`Fko~Q vè;kid
izf'k{k.k dh O;oLFkk dh tkrh gSA
• tcyiqj] lkxj] ukxiqj osQ fo'ofo|ky;ksa eas fMIyksek bu Vh¯px (Dip. T)] cM+kSnk] xqtjkr] cEcbZ] dukZVd

vkSj iwuk esa Vh¯px fMIyksek (T. D.) rFkk m- iz- esa csfld VhplZ l£VfiQosQV (B. T. C.) rFkk l£VfiQosQV vkWiQ
Vh¯px (C. T.) rFkk twfu;j VhplZ l£VfiQosQV (J. T. C.) ikB~;Øe pyk;s tkrs gSaA lHkh ikB~;Øe ,d o"khZ;
gSaA vc m- iz- esa lh- Vh- rFkk ts- Vh- lh- lekIr dj fn;s x;s gSaA
• ns'k osQ fofHkUu jkT;ksa esa ekè;fed LowQyksa osQ vè;kidksa vkSj fo|ky; fujh{kdkas (Inspectors of Schools)

osQ fy, Lukrd izf'k{k.k ikB~;Øe pyk;k tkrk gSA ns'k osQ lHkh fo'ofo|ky; ch- ,M- dh mikfèk iznku djrs
gSaA
• ;s ikB~;Øe Hkh csfld vkSj xSj csfld nks izdkj dk gksrk gSA m- iz- esa csfld izf'k{k.k osQ fy, ,y- Vh- (L.

T.) dk fMIyksek izpfyr gS tks nks o"khZ; gSA ;g vU; fo'ofo|ky;ksa osQ ch- ,M- izf'k{k.k osQ lerqY; gSaA
• ^nwjorhZ f'k{kk* dh ifjHkk"kk izks- gksecxZ (1981) us bl izdkj nh gSA nwjorhZ f'k{kk esa [kqys vf/xe dks lEizs"k.k

ekè;eksa vFkok f'k{kk rduhdh ls lEikfnr fd;k tkrk gSA lEizs"k.k ekè;eksa }kjk f'k{kd dk O;k[;ku Nk=kksa
dks muosQ ?kjksa rd igq¡pk;k tkrk gSA nwjn'kZu dh lgk;rk ls f'k{kd Nk=kksa osQ ikl rd igq¡p dj f'k{kk nsrk
gSA
• ^eqDr&vf/xe* dh ifjHkk"kk bl izdkj gS] ¶bl izdkj osQ vf/xe dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ yphyh rFkk LorU=k o

LoPNUn gksrh gSaA Nk=k viuh bPNk ,oa vko';drkvksa osQ vuqlkj vius fu;kstu osQ vuq:i vè;;u dj
ldrs gSaA os viuh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ,oa lqfo/kvksa osQ vuq:i vius vè;;u dh O;oLFkk dj ldrs gSaA¸
• Hkkjr tSls fodflr ns'k esa nwjorhZ f'k{kk dk fo'ks"k egÙo gSA jk"Vªh; uhfr esa vukSipkfjd f'k{kk dks c<+kok
fn;k tk jgk gSA Hkkjro"kZ esa 15 ls 35 vk;q oxZ dk izR;sd f}rh; Nk=k vkSipkfjd f'k{kk xzg.k ugha dj ikrk
gSA ^nwjorhZ f'k{kk* }kjk bl oxZ osQ fy;s vukSipkfjd f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk lEHko gks ldrh gSA
• Hkkjro"kZ esa dbZ fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa i=kkpkj f'k{kk dk iz;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vulqU/ku ,oa
izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ us lu~ 1966 esa xzh"edkyhu i=kkpkj f'k{kk dk vkjEHk {ks=kh; egkfo|ky;ksa esa fd;k ftlosQ
}kjk f'k{kk Lukrd mikf/ nh tkrh gSA bldk lHkh lEcfU/r fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa vuqeksnu fd;k tk pqdk gSA
lu~ 1970 ls i=kkpkj laaLFkkvksa dks vf/d c<+kok fn;k x;k gSA

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