Page 238 - DEDU506_SPECIAL_EDUCATION_HINDI

fof'k"V f'k{kk

uksV 2- euksjatu dh O;oLFkk
3- fuèkZu ckydksa dks vkfFkZd lgk;rk

4- pyfp=kksa ij fu;a=k.k
5- fuèkZu ifjokjksa dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr esa lqèkkj
6- lkewfgd la?kksa dk fuekZ.k
7- xUnh cfLr;ksa dh lekfIr
8- vuSfrd dk;ks± ij izfrcUèkA
lekt] jkT;] ifjokj o fo|ky; feydj ;fn ,dtqV gksdj cky vijkèk dh leL;kvksa dks lqy>kus dk iz;kl
djsa rks fu%lUnsg cky vijkèk dh leL;k bruh fodjky gksus osQ ctk, lgt gksxh D;ksafd bls ewy :i ls
euksoSKkfud o oSèkkfud mipkj dh vko';drk gSA

cky vijkèk dh mipkjkRed fofèk;k¡

loZizFke vè;kid dks vijkèkh ckyd dk irk yxkuk pkfg,A izR;sd d{kk osQ vijkèkh ckyd dh igpku djosQ
mlosQ mipkj dk iz;Ru djuk pkfg,A

cky vijkèk dk mpkj djus osQ fy, nks izdkj dh fofèk;ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSµ euksoSKkfud vkSj oSKkfudA
mipkj dh N% izeq[k fofèk;k¡ gSµ1- okrkoj.kkRed] 2- euksoSKkfud] 3- euksfo'ys"k.kkRed] 4- ifjoh{kk
(Probation), 5- lqèkkj LowQy (Reformatory schools), 6- cUnhx`g (Jail) A
1- okrkoj.kkRed fofèkµ bl fofèk esa loZizFke ckyd dh vko';drkvksa dk irk yxk;k tkrk gSA rRi'pkr~
mu vko';drkvksa osQ ifjizs{; esa mlosQ lkekftd okrkoj.k esa ifjorZu ykus dk iz;Ru fd;k tkrk gSA bl izdkj
bl fofèk esa okrkoj.k esa orZeku mu cqjs rÙoksa dks nwj djus dk iz;Ru fd;k tkrk gS tks vijkèkh ckyd dks vijkèkh
cukus es lgk;d gksrs gSaA blesa ifjokj dh fLFkfr dks lqèkkjuk] ekrk&firk dks f'kf{kr djuk] fo|ky; esa mfpr
O;oLFkk djuk] ikfjokfjd lacUèkksa dks Bhd djuk vkfn ckrsa vkrh gSaA
2- euksoSKkfud fofèk;k¡µ ;s fofèk;k¡ vijkèkh ckyd osQ lqèkkj osQ fy, euksoSKkfud fl¼kUrksa dk iz;ksx djrh
gSaA buesa ik¡p izeq[k fofèk;k¡ gSaµ
(i) vfunsZ'kkRed fofèk (Non-directive Method)
(ii) eu% ukVd fofèk (Psycho-drama Method)
(iii) lekt&ukVd fofèk (Socio-drama Method)

(iv) ozQhM+k fofèk (Play Method)
(v) v¡xqyh fp=k.k fofèk (Finger Painting Method)
(i) vfunsZ'kkRed fofèkµ bl fofèk dks dkyZ jkstj (Karl Roger) us tUe fn;k gSA bls vfunsZ'kkRed blfy,
dgk tkrk gS fd blesa vijkèkh dks dksbZ funsZ'k ugha fn;k tkrkA bl fofèk dk ewy fl¼kUr ;g gS fd
vijk/h esa Lo;a viuh leL;k dks gy djus dh 'kfDr fufgr gksrh gSA ekufld fpfdRld vijkèkh dks
vius vijkèk dks okf.kZr djus dh LorU=krk nsrk gSA fpfdRld dk dk;Z osQoy vijkèkh osQ laosxksa dks bl
izdkj izfrfcEcr djuk gS fd vijkèkh viuh xyrh vuqHko djus yxrk gSA fpfdRld fdlh Hkh izdkj
dk funsZ'k vFkok vkKk ugha nsrkA blosQ fy, izf'kf{kr fpfdRld dh vko';drk gksrh gSA vè;kidksa dks
bldk izf'k{k.k fn;k tk ldrk gSA
(ii) eu% ukVd fofèkµ bls eksjsuks (Moreno) us tUe fn;kA blesa fpfdRld vijkèkh ckyd osQ vijkèk dks
tkudj ,d ukVd dh jpuk djrs gSaA blesa nks ik=k gksrs gSaµ(v) VDtyjh vga (Tuxiliary Ego) vkSj

232 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY