Page 252 - DEDU506_SPECIAL_EDUCATION_HINDI

fof'k"V f'k{kk

uksV 21 osQ lkFk 21 (d) tksM+k x;k gSA vuqPNsn 21 (d) esa dgk x;k gS fd ¶jkT; dkuwu }kjk fu/kZfjr i¼fr ls
6 ls 14 o"kZ osQ lHkh cPpksa dks fu%'kqYd ,oa vfuok;Z f'k{kk iznku djsxkA¸

fodykax cPpksa osQ fy, lesfdr f'k{kk dh ;kstuk lu 1974 esa 'kq# dh xbZA blosQ vUrxZr p;fur
lkekU; LowQyksa esa fodykax Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks lkekU; cPpksa osQ lkFk f'k{kk iznku dh tkrh gSA
The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six
to fourteen years in such a manner as the state may, by law, determine.’’

lafo/ku la'kks/u osQ tfj, fo'ks"k vko';drk okys cPpksa (Children with Special Needs) dks Hkh f'k{kk
fu%'kqyd vkSj vfuok;Z f'k{kk gkfly djus dk ekSdk feysxkA ,sls cPpksa dks 'kkfey fd, cxSj f'k{kk dk
lkoZtuhdj.k csekuh gksxkA nwljh vksj lafo/ku osQ vuqPNsn 51(d) esa [kaM (J) osQ ckn (K) tksM+k x;k gSA blesa
dgk x;k gS fd cPpksa dks 6&14 o"kZ dh vk;q osQ chp f'k{kk miyC/ djkuk ekrk&firk vkSj vfHkHkkod dk ewy
drZO; gSA gkyk¡fd ,slk u djus okys ekrk&firk ;k vfHkHkkodksa ij fdlh izdkj osQ naM dk izko/ku ugha fd;k
x;k gSA fiQj Hkh lafo/ku osQ vuqPNsn 51 (d) esa [kaM (J) osQ ckn (K) tksM+s tkus] ;kfu cPps osQ ekrk&firk ;k
vfHkHkkod ij f'k{kk osQ volj iznku djus dh laoS/kfud ftEesokjh r; dj fn;s tkus osQ ckn vc cPpksa dks LowQy
ugha Hksts tkus dh foiQyrk osQ eq[; dkjd osQ :i esa ekrk&firk ;k vfHkHkkod dks fpfÉr gksus dk Hk; gSA
blls igys Hkh o"kZ 1993 esa ;wuho`Q".ku cukA vka/z izsn'k jkT; ekeys esa loksZPp U;k;ky; us Li"V dj fn;k Fkk
fd f'k{kk ikus dk vf/dkj vuqPNsn 21 osQ v/hu ,d ewy vf/dkj gS vkSj lHkh dks f'k{kk miyC/ djkuk jkT;
dk mÙkjnkf;Ro gSA fdUrq ;g vf/dkj 14 o"kZ osQ cPpksa osQ fy, gh lhfer gSA mPp f'k{kk osQ ekeys esa ;g vf/
dkj jkT; dh vkfFkZd {kerk ij fuHkZj djsxkA loksZPp U;k;ky; us Li"V fd;k Fkk fd lafo/ku osQ Hkkx 4 osQ vuqPNsn
45 dks Hkkx&3 osQ vuqPNsn 21 osQ lkFk tksM+ dj i<+k tkuk pkfg, D;ksafd izkFkfed f'k{kk izkIr djus dk vfèkdkj
vuqPNsn 21 osQ vUrxZr iznÙk ¶izk.k ,oa nSfgd Lora=krk¸ osQ laj{k.k vFkkZr~ thus osQ vf/dkj dk gh ,d vo;o g S

26-1 fodykax cPpksa osQ fy, lesfdr f'k{kk (Integrated Education for Disabled

Children (IEDC))

fdlh Hkh Js.kh dh fu%'kDrrk;qDr cPpksa dks lekt esa izpfyr lkekU; fo|ky;ksa esa lkekU; cPpksa osQ lkFk&lkFk
lefUor djrs gq, ,d lkFk] ,d tSlh f'k{k.k i¼fr ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa i<+kuk gh lesfdr f'k{kk dgykrh gSA

okLro esa fodykax cPpksa osQ fy, lesfdr f'k{kk (IEDC) ;kstuk o"kZ 1974 esa 'kq# dh xbZ FkhA blosQ varxZr p;fur
lkekU; LowQyksa esa fodykax Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks lkekU; cPpksa osQ lkFk f'k{kk iznku dh tkrh gSA mlosQ ihNs ,slh le>
gS fd fodykax cPpksa dk euksoSKkfud] 'kSf{kd ,oa KkukRed fodkl lkekU; cPpksa osQ lkFk&lkFk gks losQ rkfd
cPps lekt dh eq[;/kjk esa 'kkfey gks losaQA bl ;kstuk osQ varxZr p;fur LowQyksa osQ fodykax Nk=kksa dks iqLrd
,oa ys[ku lkexzh] LowQyh iks'kkd] ifjogu HkÙkk] lkFk pyus okys dks vkus&tkus dk fdjk;k HkÙkk] us=kghu Nk=kksa
osQ fy, i<+us okys dks iBu HkÙkk] midj.kksa] fodykax Nk=kksa dks i<+kus osQ fy, fu;qDr f'k{kdksa osQ osru vkfn lqfo/
k iznku djus osQ fy, jkT; ljdkjksa@osQUnz 'kkflr izns'kksa rFkk xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa dks 'kr&izfr'kr foÙkh; lgk;rk
nsus dk izkoèkku gSA osQUnzh; ekuo lalk/u ea=kh us 21 ekpZ] 2005 dks jkT; lHkk osQ iVy ij j[ks x;s oDrO;
esa fodykax Nk=kksa vkSj ;qokvksa osQ fy, iwoZ izkFkfed Lrj ls fo'ofo|ky; Lrj rd lesfdr f'k{kk iznku djus gsrq
,d O;kid dk;Z;kstuk osQ fu.kZ; dh ?kks"k.kk dhA dkykarj esa ;g ;kstuk baVsxzsVsM ,tqosQ'ku iQkWj fpYMªsu ,aM ;wFk
foFk fMl,fcfyVh (vkbZ- bZ- lh- okbZ- Mh-) osQ uke ls tkuh tkus yxh gSA

246 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY