Page 281 - DEDU506_SPECIAL_EDUCATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—30% fof'k"V ckydksa dk iquokZl% lekt dh Hkwfedk ljdkj dh Hkwfedk

s
mldh v{kerk ckèkk ugha curh gS] lkekU; O;fDr;ksa l Hkh vfèkd fuiq.krk o oqQ'kyrk ls dk;Z dj ldrk uksV
gSA muosQ bl izdkj osQ lek;kstu osQ fy, n;k dh ugha oju~ lgkuqHkwfr o leqfpr voljksa dks iznku djus
dh vko';drk gksrh gSA

30-1 fof'k"V ckydksa dk iquokZl% ljdkj dh Hkwfedk (Rehabilitation of Exceptional
Children: Role of Government)

fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks jkstxkj iznku djuk ,d lkekftd leL;k gSA vusd o"kks± ls ;g xyr èkkj.kk cuh gqbZ
Fkh fd fodykaxrk dk vFkZ vlgk; gksrk gSA blhfy, m|ksx] O;olk;] O;kikj rFkk ukSdfj;ksa ls fodykax
O;fDr;ksa dks LièkkZ osQ fy, dksbZ volj iznku ugha fd, tkrs FksA tgk¡ rd fd lq;ksX; 'kjhj gksus ij Hkh mUgsa
ykHkizn jkstxkj osQ ;ksX; ugha ekuk tkrk FkkA geesa ls oqQN ;ksX; gksrs gq, Hkh oqQN ugha dj ikrs vkSj mUgsa
rc Hkh fodykax dh laKk ugha nh tkrh tcfd fodykax O;fDr mldh vis{kk oqQN ;ksX;rk j[krk gS vr% mls
mldh ;ksX;rk dks O;Dr djus osQ fy, mi;qDr volj iznku fd, tkus pkfg,A
Hkkjr ljdkj us jk"Vªh; iapo"khZ; ;kstuk esa fodykaxksa dks detksj oxZ (weaker section) dk ,d Hkkx ekuk
gSA Hkkjrh; lafoèkku osQ vuqPNsn 41 rFkk 46 esa Hkh fodykax O;fDr;ksa osQ dY;k.k ij tksj fn;k x;k gSA bUgha
lc fopkjksa dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, NBh iapo"khZ; ;kstuk dh vofèk esa ljdkj us fodykaxksa osQ fy, 24-40 djksM+
#i;s dk izkoèkku fd;k FkkA lkroha iapo"khZ; ;kstuk esa ;g jkf'k ik¡p xquk vfèkd c<+k nh xbZ vkSj fodykaxksa
osQ dY;k.k osQ fy, 124 djksM+ #i;s dk izkoèkku fd;k x;kA blosQ i'pkr~ vkt fofHkUu izdkj osQ fodykaxksa
osQ dY;k.k osQ fy, vusd ;kstuk,¡ ,oa dk;ZØe dk;kZfUor fd, tk jgs gSa ftu ij dbZ djksM+ #i;s dh èkujkf'k
O;; djus dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA

fodykaxksa osQ dY;k.k gsrq Hkkjr ljdkj us loZizFke dne mBk;k fd mUgsa jkstxkj miyCèk djkus
osQ fy, fo'ks"k jkstxkj dk;kZy;ksa dh LFkkiuk dh tks fd lHkh jkT;ksa ,oa izeq[k uxjksa esa vc rd
22 gSa] blosQ vfrfjDr xzkeh.k fodykaxksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, Hkh 41 fo'ks"k jkstxkj dk;kZy;ksa dh
LFkkiuk dhA

fodykaxksa osQ dY;k.k dh fn'kk esa nwljk egRoiw.kZ dne Hkkjr ljdkj osQ Je ,oa dY;k.k eU=kky; (Ministry
of Labour and Welfare) osQ vèkhu mBk;k x;kA mUgksaus ;qok fodykaxksa (16 ls 45 o"kZ rd) dks O;kolkf;d
,oa vk£Fkd :i ls l{ke cukus osQ fy, loZizFke 1968 esa eqEcbZ rFkk gSnjkckn esa nks ^fodykax O;kolkf;d iquokZl
osQUnzksa* dh LFkkiuk dhA vc ;g osQUnz 17 gks x, gSa ftuesa ls 6 osaQnzksaµ vgenkckn] caxykSj] gSnjkckn] psUubZ] eqEcbZ
rFkk f=kosUnze esa oqQ'kyrk izf'k{k.k dk;Z'kkyk,¡ gSaA

ubZ f'k{kk uhfr osQ vUrxZr fodykax ckydksa dks lkekU; f'k{kk dh eq[; èkkjk (main stream) ls tksM+us osQ fy,
,d ;kstuk rS;kj dh xbZ gSA izkS<+ fodykax O;fDr;ksa dks ,dhÑr f'k{kk miyCèk djkus osQ mís'; ls Hkkjr ljdkj
us tkfe;k fefy;k bLykfe;k (ubZ fnYyh)] jke Ñ".k fe'ku fo|ky; (dks;EcVwj)] cukjl fgUnw fo'ofo|ky;
(okjk.klh) rFkk mRdy fo'ofo|ky; (Hkqous'oj) esa f'k{kd izf'k{k.k dk;kZy; pykus osQ fy, oqQN osQUnzksa dh
LFkkiuk dh ;kstuk cukbZA

bu dk;ZØeksa dks fuf'pr djus esa ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- (N.C.E.R.T.) rFkk izns'kksa esa ,l-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- (S.C.E.R.T.)
lgk;rk iznku djrh gSA blh Øe esa vkt ns'k esa fodykaxksa dh f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa 'kksèk] izf'k{k.k] ekxZ&n'kZu rFkk
vU; lsok,¡ iznku djus osQ fy, jk"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkkjr ljdkj us fodykaxksa osQ izR;sd eq[; oxZ osQ fy, jk"Vªh; laLFkku
(National Institute) LFkkfir fd, gSaµ

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 275