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fof'k"V f'k{kk
uksV n`f"V ckf/rk dh ifjHkk"kk MkDVjksa us dh gS bUgksaus n`f"V {kerk osQ ijh{k.k dks vk/kj ekuk gSA dkuwuh ifjHkk"kk Hkh
nh xbZ gS fd dkuwu dh n`f"V ls fdu dks n`f"V ckf/r ekuk tkrk gSA
vesfjdk osQ eSfMdy la?k (1934) esa dkuwuh ifjHkk"kk nh Fkh ftls lHkh ns'k Lohdkj djrs gSaA ifjHkk"kk bl
izdkj gSµ
“A legally blind person is said to be one (i) who has visual acquity of 20/200 or less in the better
eye even with correction, (ii) or whose field of vision is so restricted that it subtends an angle of
20° or less in the better eye after correction.”
¶dkuwuh n`f"V ls iw.kZ n`f"V ckf/r mUgsa ekurs gSaµ(1) ftudh n`f"V {kerk 20@200 rFkk blls de gks mudh vk¡[kksa
esa lq/kj osQ ckn mÙke gksA (2) vFkok ftudk n`f"V dk {ks=k lhfer gks vkSj 20° dk dks.k cukrh gSA mudh vk¡[ks
lq/kj osQ ckn mÙke gksA¸
Hkkjro"kZ ljdkj osQ lekt dY;k.k ea=kky; us (1987) esa n`f"V ckf/rksa dh ifjHkk"kk nh] og bl izdkj gSA
(v) viuh iw.kZ n`f"V [kks pqosQ gksa]
(c) n`f"V ckf/r 6@60 ;k 20@20 ls vf/d u gks vkSj p'esa osQ iz;ksx ls vk¡[k mÙke gksA LuSyu pkVZ ls ijh{k.k
gksA
(l) n`f"V dk {ks=k lhfer gks vkSj 20° dk dks.k curk gksA
bu ifjHkk"kkvksa osQ vk/kj ij n`f"V ckf/r ckydksa dks nks oxks± esa foHkkftr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(1) iw.kZ :i ls n`f"V ckf/r ;k vU/s ckyd rFkk
(2) vkaf'kd :i ls ;k fuEu n`f"V ckf/r
f'k{kk dh n`f"V ls n`f"V ckf/r ckydksa dh ifjHkk"kk nh xbZ gSµn`f"V ckf/r ckyd mUgsa dgrs gS ftudh n`f"V [kks
pqdh gks vkSj czsyfyfi] rFkk vU; Jo.k f'k{kk lkexzh dk ykHk mBk ldrs gSa mUgsa vkaf'kd :i ls ckf/r ckyd
dgrs gSa tks p'es dh lgk;rk ls eqfnzr ikB~;oLrq rFkk n`'; 'kSf{kd lkexzh dk mi;ksx dj ysrs gSaA
n`f"V ckf/r Nk=kksa dh ;ksX;rk ,oa vuqHkoksa dk {ks=k vf/d foLr`r gksrk gSA budh fo|ky; esa fofHkUu izdkj dh
leL;k;sa gksrh gSaA bUgsa pyus&fiQjus] i<+us] n`'; lgk;d lkexzh osQ mi;ksx esa dfBukbZ gksrh gS og lqudj vkSj
Li'kZ djosQ gh vuqHko djrs gSaA
cszy fyfi iw.kZ :i ls n`f"V ckf/r dks lh[kus esa lgk;d gSA
7-2 n`f"V ckf/r ckydksa dh fo'ks"krk,a (Charasteristics of Visually Impaired
Children)
n`f"V dk euq"; osQ fy;s lcls vf/d mi;ksx gSA KkukRed i{k dk fodkl n`f"V osQ vuqHkoksa ij gh vk/kfjr gksrk
gSA ckf/rk ls O;fDr rhu izdkj ls lhfer gks tkrk gSA n`f"V ckf/r fujh{k.k osQ fofo/ vuqHkoksa ls oafpr jgrk gSA
mldh ;ksX;rk,a Hkh lhfer jgrh gS D;ksafd os py fiQj ugha ldrs gSaA os vius okrkoj.k dks fu;af=kr ugha dj ldrs
gSa muosQ lEcU/ Hkh lhfer jgrs gSaA lkekftd okrkoj.k dk ykHk ugha mBk ikrs gSaA lkeqnkf;d vfHko`fÙk vkSj O;ogkj
ijEijkvksa] fo'oklksa ,oa laLÑfr ij fuHkZj djrs gSaA fodkl rFkk lekt dY;k.k osQ iz;klksa ls bl fn'kk esa izxfr
gqbZ gSA n`f"V ckf/rksa dks lekt esa dksbZ egRo ugha fn;k tkrk gSA budk Lo&izR;;] O;fDr miyfC/ Hkh lkekU;
fuEu Lrj dh gksrh gSA
54 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
