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Unit 4: Training and Development

begins with new employee orientation and continues throughout the employee’s tenure with Notes
the entity. Rapidly changing legal, technological, economic, and sociological environments
further dictate that employees possess the knowledge and skills required by new and more
demanding assignments.
The need for improved productivity has become universally accepted and that it depends
on efficient and effective training is not less apparent. It has further become necessary in
view of advancement in modern world to invest in training. Thus the role played by staff
training and development can no longer be over-emphasized. Training and development are
based on the premise that staff skills need to be improved for organizations to grow.
Training is a systematic development of knowledge, skills and attitudes required by employees
to perform adequately on a given task or job. New entrants into organizations have various
skills, though not all are relevant to organizational needs. Training and development are
required for staff to enable them work towards taking the organization to its expected
destination. It is against the backdrop of the relative importance of staff training and
development in relation to organization effectiveness that this paper addressed.
Training can be put in a contact relevant to school administrators. However, knowledge is
the ability, the skill, the understanding, the information, which every individual requires
acquiring in order to be able to function effectively and perform efficiently.
The effectiveness and success of an organization therefore lies on the people who form and
work within the organization. It follows therefore that the employees in an organization to
be able to perform their duties and make meaningful contributions to the success of the
organizational goals need to acquire the relevant skills and knowledge. In appreciation of
this fact, organization like educational institution, conduct final training and development
programs for the different levels of their manpower.
Usually, before training or development programmes are organized efforts are being made
through individuals and organizational appraisals to identify the training needs. After the
training and development programmes, an evaluation is carried out to ascertain the
effectiveness of the programme in line with the need, which had been identified. It is worthy
of mention that organization development follows the development of individual who form
the organization. It follows that no organization becomes effective and efficient until the
individual have and apply the required skills and knowledge. Training has been observed
as part of human development. Human development is a process of enlarging people’s
choices. In principle, these choices can be infinite and change over time. But at all levels of
development, the three essential ones are for people to live a long and healthy life, to
acquire knowledge through training, and to have access to resources needed for a decent
standard of living. If these essential choices are not available many other opportunities
remain inaccessible.

4.1 Training Process

According to the concept of human development income is clearly only one option that
people would like to have, albeit an important one. Development must therefore be more
than just the expansion of income and wealth. Since administering involves the creation and
maintenance of an environment for performance, working closely or in isolation towards
the accomplishment of common goals, it is obvious that administrators cannot be successful
without well skilled and well trained people. The importance of incorporating training into
organizational or institutional roles the staffing of these roles and the entire process of
direction and leading people must be premises on knowledge and skills.
Man is dynamic in nature, the need to be current and relevant in all spheres of human
endeavour’s make staff development a necessity, to keep track with current event and
methods. The attention of the entire sundry of the inestimable value of training and

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