Page 181 - DMGT402_MANAGEMENT_PRACTICES_AND_ORGANIZATIONAL_BEHAVIOUR

Management Practices and Organisational Behaviour

Notes (e) Are obsessed with numbers, measuring their success in terms of how much of
everything they acquire.
The alternative to the Type A behaviour pattern is the Type B behaviour pattern. People
with Type B personalities are relatively free of the Type A behaviours and characteristics.
Type B personalities are "rarely harried by the desire to obtain a wildly increasing number
of things or participate in an endless growing series of events in an ever decreasing
amount of time".

Type B Personality
(a) Never suffer from a sense of time urgency with its accompanying impatience;
(b) Feel no need to display or discuss either their achievements or accomplishments
unless such exposure is demanded by the situation;
(c) Play for fun and relaxation, rather than to exhibit their superiority at any cost; and
(d) Can relax without guilt.
Organisations can also be characterized as Type A or Type B organisations. Type A
individuals in Type B organisations and Type B individuals in Type A organisations
experience stress related to a misfit between their personality type and the predominant
type of the organisation.

8.9 Ability

By ability, different people mean different things at different times. Ability may be:
1. Aptitude
2. Intelligence
3. Skill
4. Expertise
All these abilities determine individual behaviour largely. Let us go through them one by one.
1. Aptitude: An aptitude is an essential component of a competency to do a certain kind of
work at a certain level. Aptitude may be innate, acquired, learned or developed. It may be
physical or mental. Aptitude is better applied intra-individually to determine what tasks
a given individual is relatively more skilled at performing. Inter-individual aptitude
differences are typically not very significant due to IQ differences.

2. Intelligence: Intelligence is a broad term used to describe a property of the mind that
encompasses many related abilities, such as the capacities to reason, to plan, to solve
problems, to think abstractly, to comprehend ideas, to use language, and to learn.
Intelligence of a person is partly dependent on brain structure and the genes shaping brain
development. Similarly, family environmental factors may have an effect upon one's
intelligence.
3. Skill: A skill is also called as talent. It is the learned capacity to carry out pre-determined
results often with the minimum outlay of time, energy, or both. Skills can often be divided
into domain-general and domain-specific skills.

Example: 1. In the domain of work, some general skills would include time
management, teamwork and leadership, self motivation and others.
2. Domain-specific skills would be useful only for a certain job.

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