Page 184 - DMGT402_MANAGEMENT_PRACTICES_AND_ORGANIZATIONAL_BEHAVIOUR

Unit 8: Foundations of Organisational Behaviour

Various determinants and theories have proven that the individual personality can be Notes
developed in order to develop one's effectiveness.
The personality not only develops but also changes according to various situations.

8.11 Keywords

Competencies: Through learning and experience, each person has acquired a unique set of skills
for dealing with various situations.

Conscience: The behaviours for which we have been punished and about which we feel guilty.
Ectomorph: According to Sheldon's Physiognomy Theory, he has thin, long and poorly developed
body.

Ego: The ego is the logical, rational, realistic part of the personality. The ego evolves from the id
and draws its energy from the id.
Encoding: Each person has a unique way of perceiving and categorizing experience. One person
may see a situation as threatening while another sees it as challenging, and the way it is encoded
determines the response.
Endomorph: According to Sheldon's Physiognomy Theory, endomorph is bulky and beloved
type of person.
Expectancies: Through learning, each person has acquired different expectations of being
rewarded or punished for various kinds of behaviour.
Id: The only part of the personality that is present at birth. It is inherited, primitive, inaccessible
and completely unconscious.
Intuition: It is based on unconscious inner perception of the potentialities of events or things.
Mesomorph: According to Sheldon's Physiognomy Theory, he has a strong, athletic and tough
body type.
Super Ego: The moral component of the personality.

8.12 Self Assessment

State whether the following statements are true or false:
1. Projection means turning an inward threat into a threat from the external world.
2. Denial means refusal to recognize an opportunity.

3. Humanistic Psychologists emphasize the potential of human beings for growth, creativity
and leadership.
4. Repression means keeping threatening thoughts as a secret with most trusted colleague.

5. According to Freud, Id is the core of conscious.
Choose the appropriate answers:
6. Which of the following is not a defense mechanism used by ego?

(a) Repression (b) Regression
(c) Progression (d) Sublimation

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