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Unit 15: Power and Politics
Notes
Table 15.1: Ways People Use Political Behaviour in Organizations
Source: John P Kotter, "Power, Dependence and Effective Management," in John J. Gabaero, ed. "Managing
People and Organisations" McGraw-Hill, New York (1991) page 43.
Many organisational conditions encourage political activity. Among them are:
1. Unclear Goals
2. Autocratic decision making
3. Ambiguous lines of authority
4. Scarce resources, and
5. Uncertainty
Individuals who use power in organisations are organisational politicians. Political behaviour
is actions not officially sanctioned by an organisation that are taken to influence others in order
to meet one's personal goals. Table 15.2 below shows the personal characteristics of effective
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