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Unit 14: Statistical Process Control
The Geometric distribution is related to the Binomial distribution in that both are based on Notes
independent trials in which the probability of success is constant and equal to p. However, a
Geometric random variable is the number of trials until the first failure, whereas a Binomial
random variable is the number of successes in n trials.
14.6.10 Central Limit Theorem
The Central Limit Theorem states that whenever a random sample of size n is taken from any
distribution with mean μ and variance σ , then the sample mean x will be approximately normally
2
2
distributed with mean μ and variance σ . Larger the value of the sample size n, the better the
approximation to the normal.
Self Assessment
Fill in the blanks:
16. …………………… ensures that amount of inspection is reduced while agreed upon quality
levels are adhered to.
17. A …………………… is a score that appears most often in the collection.
Case Study Statistical Process Control: A Case-Study on Haleeb
Foods Ltd., Lahore
The process capability of Tetra Pack Machines of Haleeb Foods Limited (HFL) is analyzed.
The process capability ratios Cp, Cpu, Cpl and Cpk are used as capability indices. In
general, process capability position of machines is good. But the results have pointed out
high variability points, as well. The process mean goes out of speciation limits at least
once in a week, for every machine. The whole process goes out of specification limits once
in a week, only for 2 machines. It should be taken care off. The HFL is suggested to
introduce high technology to reduce the variability and insure the process capability.
Introduction
Haleeb Foods Limited (HFL) is a fast growing food product company. It was established
in April 9, 1984, but its commercial production started from July, 1987. The Powder plant
of HFL was installed in 1992. The HFL has launched its bottling milk in April, 1999, while
Tetra Pack is started in November, 2000. The company’s name is changed in November,
2000. Formerly it was CDL but now its name is Haleeb Foods Limited (HFL). The HFL is
first Food Company and so far the only dairy company in Pakistan to get ISO-9002
certification in 1997 and HACCP Certification in June, 2003. In order to improve its
processes, make the system more visible and identify the shortcomings, HFL is following
the Total Quality Management (TQM) techniques. The HFL is committed to strict quality
standards in all its operations from the collection of milk to the provision of hygienically
processed nutritious products to its customers. The HFL has succeeded in this by
continuously improving the quality of its products and by satisfying the needs of its
customers.
The objective of this research is to study process capability of HFL machines and make
suggestions for improvement, if required.
Contd...
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