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Unit 2: Gurus of Quality Management

In 1951, Japan instituted the much-cherished Deming Prize for corporate quality in the Notes
honour of Dr. Deming. In 1956 only, Deming was awarded the Shewhart Medal by the
American Society for Quality Control.
Deming stressed the importance of what he calls intrinsic motivation rather than extrinsic
motivation.

Quality according to Juran has to be controlled at each stage of the processes but should
not be implemented just as a mechanical process.

The long-term health of business is determined by a structured approach to quality which
is planned, implemented and controlled according to the mission of the business concerned.
Juran’s project by project improvement approach is very popular among Indian companies
as well.
Juran developed a quality trilogy to assist management in the implementation of strategic
quality planning which comprises of quality planning, quality control and quality
improvement.
Philip B. Crosby was a former Corporate Vice-President for Quality at ITT.

The essence of Crosby’s quality drive is prevention.
Genichi Taguchi worked as Director of the Japanese Academy of Quality during 1978-82.
He was awarded the Deming Prize in 1960 for his contribution in developing techniques
for industrial optimization.
Taguchi’s methods incorporate the use of statistical techniques.

2.9 Keywords

American Society for Quality Control: ASQC, is the leading quality improvement organization
in the United States, with more than 130,000 individual and 1,000 sustaining members worldwide.
Behavioural Science: A scientific discipline, such as sociology, anthropology, or psychology, in
which the actions and reactions of humans and animals are studied through observational and
experimental methods.
Company Wide Quality Control: Methodological principles and intervention techniques for
step-by-step improvement.
Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers: JUSE was established in May 1946 and authorized as
the foundation of a juridical body by the Science and Technology Agency of Japanese Government.
Jidoka: The term Jidoka used in the TPS (Toyota Production System) can be defined as “automation
with a human touch.”

Management by Wandering Around: A face-to-face communication technique in which a manager
walks around a work area and talks informally with employees about issues and concerns.
Management Commitment: Direct participation by the highest level executives in a specific and
critically important aspect or program of an organization.
Piece-rate Wage System: A piece-rate wage system is a system where compensation is based
upon the number of units of work produced by an individual or distinct work team.

Poka-yoke: It employs visual signals that make mistakes clearly stand out from the rest, or
devices that stop an assembly line or process if a part or step is missed.

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