Page 167 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kar

uksV rks ;gk¡ rd dgk fd Lora=krk dh /kj.kk osQ izfriknd dbZ fpUrdksa dks Li"V :i ls fdlh ,d vFkok nwljh
/kj.kk rd lhfer ugha fd;k tk ldrkA mnkgj.k osQ fy, tkWu ykWd dks Dykfldh mnkjokn dk tud ekuk
tkrk gS ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i mls udkjkRed Lora=krk dk dV~Vj leFkZd ekuk tkrk gSA ykWd Li"V :i ls
fy[krk gS fd Lora=krk dk vFkZ gS nwljksa osQ ca/uksa vFkok fgalk ls eqDrhA ijUrq ykWd lkFk gh ;g Hkh fy[krk
gS fd Loar=krk dks LoPNanrk osQ lkFk ugha tksM+k tk ldrkµtks vojks/ gekjh nynyksa vFkok tksf[keksa ls j{kk
djrs gSa] mUgsa ca/u ugha dgk tk ldrkA tgk¡ ykWd Lora=krk osQ lanHkZ esa ,sls ca/uksa dk o.kZu djrk gS ftUgsa
cfyZu osQ vuqlkj udkjkRed dgk tk ldrk gS] ogk¡ og eSDdyqfeu dh =k;h Lora=krk dh /kj.kk osQ rhljs i{k
dk Hkh leFkZu djrk gS ftUgsa cfyZu osQ vuqlkj ldkjkRed Lora=krk ekuk tk,xk] vFkkZr~ Lora=krk dks ,sls dk;ks±
rd lhfer j[kuk tks vuSfrd ugha gS (tSls Lora=krk LoPNUnrk ugha gS) rFkk os tks drkZ osQ fgrksa osQ vuqowQy
gSA vFkkZr~ ;fn eq>s nyny esa ?kqlus ls cpk;k tkrk gS rks esjh Lora=krk c<+rh gSA uksf”kd rFkk jkWFkckMZ tSls
ledkyhu bPNkLokra=;oknh ys[kdksa us Hkh Lora=krk dh oqQN ,slh ifjHkk"kk,¡ nh gS tks uSfrdrk ij vk/kfjr gSA
;s lHkh mnkgj.k eSDdyqfeu osQ nkos dks Li"V djrs gSa fd ,sfrgkfld ,oa vo/kj.kk osQ n`f"Vdks.k ls Lora=krk
dks nks Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr djuk Hkzeiw.kZ gks ldrk gS fd udkjkRed /kj.kk mnkjoknh gS vkSj ldkjkRed /kj.kk
X+kSj&mnkjoknhA
la{ksi esa eSDdyqfeu dk roZQ gS fd Lora=krk dh osQoy ,d gh ewy /kj.kk gS ftls =k;h lEcU/ osQ vk/kj ij
ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gSµdrkZ] oqQN ca/udkjh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ rFkk drkZ }kjk buls fudyus osQ fy, oqQN dk;ZA
udkjkRed Lora=krk osQ vuqlkj drkZ O;fDr gS] ca/u cká gS] mís'; os gSa tks O;fDr dh bPNk gSA nwljh rjiQ
ldkjkRed Lora=krk osQ vuqlkj drkZ O;fDr lewg vFkok leqnk; gks ldrs gSa] ca/u vkarfjd ,oa cká gks ldrs
gSa rFkk iwjk fd;s tkus okyk mís'; lhfer gks ldrk gSA Lora=krk dh ;g =k;h /kj.kk Lora=krk osQ nks i{kksa dks
lefUor djus esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrh gSA

D;k udkjkRed rFkk ldkjkRed Lora=krk dh /kj.kk vHkh Hkh ykHknk;d gS\
(Are the Concept of Negative and Positive Liberty still usefull?)
geus bl vè;k; dk vkjaHk Lora=krk dh nks /kj.kkvksa osQ chp lk/kj.k vUrj ls vkjaHk fd;k vkSj vc =k;h
/kj.kk ij igq¡ps gSaA eSDdyqfeu osQ =k;h iQkewZys dh mi;ksfxrk rFkk fo'ys"k.kdkjh nk'kZfudksa ij blosQ 'kfDr'kkyh
izHkko osQ ckotwn jktuhfr rFkk lkekftd Lora=krk ls lEcfU/r izeq[k ppkZvksa esa vHkh Hkh cfyZu dh
f}&foHkkftr /kj.kk gh izcy gSA ijUrq loky ;g gS% udkjkRed rFkk ldkjkRed Lora=krk osQ izfr ;g lrr~
gokyk nk'kZfud n`f"Vdks.k ls fdruk vk/kjHkwr gSA bl udkjkRed@ldkjkRed foHkktu dh ,d vU; ys[kd
,fjd usYlu us Hkh vkykspuk dh gSA usYlu dk ekuuk gS fd ldkjkRed Lora=krk ls tqM+s gq, dbZ ys[kdksa] tSls
xzhu rFkk cksalkosQ us Lora=krk dks ^ca/uksa dks vHkko* rFkk ^Lora=krk osQ oqQN djus ;k cuus* osQ :i esa foHkktu
ugha fd;k gSA blosQ fy, Lora=krk dk vFkZ Lo;a fl¼h iznku djus dh fn'kk esa lHkh izdkj osQ ca/uksa dk vHkko
gSA vr% vUrj osQoy ;g jg tkrk gS fd tks Lora=krk dh fofHkUu O;k[;kvksa dk oxhZdj.k ;g n'kkZrk gS fd
os Dykfldh mnkjoknh ijEijk osQ lkFk fdl lhek rd fiQV cSBrs gSaA oLrqr% Lora=krk dh mu /kj.kkvksa esa oqQN
ikfjokfjd lEcU/ gS tks lkekU;r% cfyZu }kjk fd, x;s foHkktu osQ ,d vFkok nwljh rjiQ >qosQ gq, fn[kkbZ
nsrs gSa vkSj bl ikfjokfjd Lo:i dks fuf'pr djus dk fu.kkZ;d rRo gS fl¼kardkjh dk ^vkRe* dh /kj.kk osQ
lkFk lEcU/ dh lhek vFkok voLFkkA ldkjkRed rRo osQ leFkZd O;fDr osQ fo'oklksa] ewY;ksa rFkk bPNkvksa dh
izÑfr ,oa lzksrksa tSls iz'uksa dks O;fDr dh Lora=krk fuf'pr djus esa lqlaxr ekurs gSa tcfd tks udkjkRed i{k
dk leFkZu djrs gSa os Dykfldh mnkjoknh ijEijk osQ izfr vf/d fu"Bkoku gS vkSj blosQ vuqlkj bl izdkj osQ
iz'uksa dks mBkuk drkZ dh lk[k@bZekunkjh ij 'kd djus tSlk gSA tgk¡ ,d i{k drkZ osQ fo'oklksa] ewY;ksa rFkk
bPNkvksa esa ldkjkRed #fp ysrk gS] ogk¡ nwljk i{k budh voKk djus esa viuk Hkyk le>rk gSA

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