Page 280 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—13: ck”kkj ,oa yksddY;k.k

euq"; osQ fy, rks HkkSfrd vosQykiu (Physical Aloofness) gh vlá gS] ijarq ledkyhu fo'o esa O;fDr uksV
vius lekt esa izpfyr fopkjksa] ewY;ksa] izfrekuksa rFkk lkekftd lalxZ ls dVdj tks foy{k.k vosQykiu vuqHko
djrk gS] og mldk uSfrd vosQykiu (Moral Aloofness) gS] tks vkSj Hkh Hk;adj fl¼ gksrk gSA tc ;g
vosQykiu gn ls c<+ tkrk gS] rc O;fDr euksfonyrk (Schizophrenia) tSls fouk'kdkjh ekufld jksxksa dk
f'kdkj gks tkrk gSA blls cpus dk rjhdk ;g gksxk fd O;fDr lgt Lusg (Spontaneous Love) rFkk
jpukRed dk;Z (Productive Work) osQ ekè;e ls vius&vkidks fo'o osQ lkFk fiQj tksM+ ysA oLrqr% iz+QkWe
dk laiw.kZ fparu ledkyhu fo'o esa O;fDr vkSj lekt osQ VwVs gq, laca/ dk fiQj ls tksM+us dk iz;kl gSA ijarq
bldh eq[; =kqfV ;g gS fd og O;fDr dks gh lacksf/r djrk gS_ viuh ;kstukvksa dks dk;kZfUor djus dk dksbZ
jktuhfrd ;k lkekftd dk;ZozQe mlosQ ikl ugha gSA

euksfonyrk (Schizophrenia) = og xaHkhj ekufld jksx ftlesa O;fDr vius fopkjksa vkSj vuqHkwfr;ksa
dk vius pkjksa vksj dh ?kVukvksa ls ugha tksM+ ikrkA

ekD;wZ”ks osQ fopkj (Views of Marcuse)

uoekDlZoknh fopkjd gcZVZ ekD;wZ”ks (1898&1997) us ledkyhu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa euq"; osQ vyxko dk vR;ar
izHkko'kkyh fo'ys"k.k izLrqr fd;k gSA viuh izfl¼ o`Qfr ^ou&Mk;esa'kuy eSu % LVMh”k bu n vkbfM;ksykWth
vkWI + kQ ,MoakLM baMfLVª;y lkslkbVh* (,d&vk;keh ekuo% mUur vkS|ksfxd lekt dh fopkj/kjk dk fo'ys"k.k)
(1964) osQ varxZr ekD;wZ”ks us ;g roZQ fn;k gS fd iwathokn us tu&laioZQ osQ lk/uksa (Media of Mass
Communication) dks cM+h pkykdh ls bLrseky djrs gq, ihfM+r oxZ osQ vlarks"k dks laosnu'kwU; cuk fn;k
gS] D;ksafd og rqPN HkkSfrd bPNkvksa (Trivial Material Wants) dks mÙksftr djrk gS ftUgsa larq"V djuk
cgqr ljy gSA bldk ifj.kke ;g gqvk gS fd euq"; dk cgq&vk;keh O;fDrRo (Multi-Dimensional

Personality) yqIr gks x;k gS vkSj mlosQ O;fDRo dk ,d gh vk;ke jg x;k gS% mldh rqPN] HkkSfrd bPNkvksa
dh larqf"VA bl rjg ,d miHkksDrk laLo`Qfr (Consumer Culture) euq"; osQ O;fDrRo ij gkoh gks xbZ gS
ftlus mldh l`tukRed Lora=krk (Creative Freedom) osQ fopkj dks cgqr ihNs /osQydj mls ^,d&vk;keh*
euq"; cuk fn;k gSA
ekD;wZ”ks osQ vuqlkj] vk/qfud izkS|ksfxd lekt (Technological Society) us ,d ^feF;k psruk* dks c<+kok
nsdj ekuo ek=k dks vius f'koaQts esa dl j[kk gSA ;g feF;k psruk Hk; vkSj miHkksDrkokn ij vk/kfjr gSA
iw¡thoknh lekt esa iw¡thifr (Capitalist) vkSj dkexkj (Worker) nksuksa lkE;oknh vkozQe.k osQ Hk; ls =kLr
gSaA blosQ vykok] izkS|ksfxd ozQkafr (Technological Revolution) us thou dh lq[k&lqfo/k,¡ cgqr c<+k nh
gSaA vkt dk lekt ”;knk&ls&”;knk yksxksa osQ fy, ”;knk&ls&”;knk lq[ke; thou dh vk'kk c¡/krk gSA ,slh
gkyr esa oqQN egÙoiw.kZ Lrjksa ij vyxko ;k ijk,iu dh vuqHkwfr cgqr gn rd yqIr gks pqdh gSA foLr`r
e'khuhdj.k osQ dkj.k dkexkj dk dke dkiQh gYdk gks x;k gSA vc mls vius dke ls th&rksM+ ifjJe ugha
djuk iM+rk] vkSj bruh de e”knwjh Hkh ugha feyrh fd mldk thuk nwHkj gks tk,A vr% ,slk yxrk gS fd og
,d gn rd ^vyxko* dh fLFkfr ls eqDr gks x;k gSA iajrq lkFk gh c¡/k&c¡/k;k e'khuh dke djrs&djrs mldk
eu Lora=k vkSj l`tukRed dk;Z osQ egÙo dks vuqHko djus ;ksX; ugha jg x;k gSA
vkt dk dkexkj ;g Li"V vuqHko ugha dj ikrk fd viuh jpuk ls mudk ukrk VwV pqdk gSA mlosQ pkjksa vksj
cukoVh lq[kksa dk tks tky iSQyk gS] mlesa my>dj og l`tu'khyrk osQ lPps vkuan dh dkeuk Hkh ugha dj ikrkA
bl rjg og vius vyxko dh fLFkfr ls cs[+kcj gks x;k gSA og ,d feF;k psruk dh Nk;k esa Je djrk gSA

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