Page 170 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—9: U;k;ikfydk% loksZPp U;k;ky;] mPp U;k;ky;] U;kf;d iqu£ujh{k.k

bls izkjafHkd rFkk vihyh; nksuksa izdkj osQ {ks=kkfèkdkj izkIr Fks] ysfdu ;g Hkkjr dk vfUre U;k;ky; ugha FkkA uksV
blosQ fu.kZ;ksa osQ fo#¼ vihysa baXyS.M dh fizoh dkSafly (Privy Council of England) osQ ikl dh tk
ldrh FkhaA
loksZPp U;k;ky; dh jpuk (Comparison of Supreme Court)–Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dh èkkjk 124 osQ
vUrxZr loksZPp U;k;ky; dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA (“There shall be a Supreme Court of India.”)
loksZPp U;k;ky; esa izkjaHk esa ,d eq[; U;k;kèkh'k vkSj 7 vU; U;k;kèkh'k gksrs FksA 1957 esa laln esa ,d dkuwu
ikl gqvk] ftlosQ vuqlkj eq[; U;k;kèkh'k dks NksM+dj ckdh U;k;kèkh'kksa dh la[;k 7 ls 10 dj nh xbZA lu~
1960 esa laln us vU; U;k;kèkh'kksa dh la[;k 10 ls c<+kdj 13 dj nhA ijUrq fnlEcj] 1977 esa laln us ,d
dkuwu ikl fd;k] ftlosQ vuqlkj loksZPp U;k;ky; osQ vU; U;k;kèkh'kksa dh vfèkdre la[;k 13 ls c<+kdj 17
dj nh xbZA vizSy] 1986 esa loksZPp U;k;ky; osQ U;k;kèkh'kksa dh la[;k 17 ls 25 dj nh xbZA vr% vktdy
loksZPp U;k;ky; esa ,d eq[; U;k;kèkh'k vkSj 25 vU; U;k;kèkh'k gSaA
dke dh vfèkdrk gksus ij jk"Vªifr rnFkZ U;k;kèkh'kksa (Adhoc Judges) dh Hkh fu;qfDr dj ldrk gSA rnFkZ
U;k;kèkh'kksa (Adhoc Judges) dks Hkh ;gh osru rFkk HkÙks feyrs gSaA vko';drk iM+us ij fdlh lsok&fuo`Ùk
(Retired) U;k;kèkh'k dks dke djus osQ fy, Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA
U;k;kèkh'kksa dh fu;qfDr (Appointment of Judges)–mPpre U;k;ky; osQ eq[; U;k;kèkh'k vkSj vU;
U;k;kèkh'kksa dh fu;qfDr jk"Vªifr }kjk dh tkrh gS] ijUrq ,slk djrs le; jk"Vªifr osQoy LosPNk ls dke ugha ysrkA
eq[; U;k;kèkh'kksa dh fu;qfDr osQ le; jk"Vªifr dks mPpre U;k;ky; rFkk jkT;ksa osQ mPp U;k;ky;ksa osQ
U;k;kèkh'kksa dh lykg ysuk vko';d gSA mPpre U;k;ky; osQ vU; U;k;kèkh'kksa dh fu;qfDr osQ le; eq[;
U;k;kèkh'k dh lykg ysuh vko';d gksrh gSA rnFkZ U;k;kèkh'kksa (Adhoc Judges) dh fu;qfDr eq[; U;k;kèkh'k
dh lykg ls dh tkrh gSA
U;k;kèkh'kksa dh fu;qfDr fu"i{krk osQ vkèkkj ij dh tkrh gSA fu"i{krk cuh jgs] mlosQ fy, U;k;kèkh'kksa dh
ofj"Brk lwph (Seniority List) cuh gqbZ gS] rkfd tc dHkh eq[; U;k;kèkh'k dk in [kkyh gks rks tks Hkh ofj"B
U;k;kèkh'k gks] mldh fu;qfDr dh tk losQA ijUrq 15 vizSy] 1973 dks tc eq[; U;k;kèkh'k lhdjh fjVk;j gq,
rks ofj"Brk osQ fl¼kUr dk mYya?ku gqvk vkSj U;k;kèkh'k ,- ,u- jk; dks eq[; U;k;kèkh'k fu;qDr fd;k x;kA
blosQ fojksèk esa U;k;kèkh'k 'khyV (Shelet), gsxMs rFkk xzksoj us R;kx i=k ns fn;kA ,e- ,p- csx osQ fjVk;j gksus
ij 22 iQjojh] 1978 dks ofj"B U;k;kèkh'k okbZ- oh- pUnzpwM+ (Y.V. Chandrachud) dks eq[; U;k;kèkh'k
fu;qDr fd;k x;kA bl izdk iqu% U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=krk dh LFkkiuk dh xbZA
28 tuojh] 1980 dks dkuwu vk;ksx (Law Commission) dh 80oha fjiksVZ yksdlHkk esa izLrqr dh xbZ FkhA
bl fjiksVZ esa dkuwu vk;ksx us ;g fliQkfj'k dh Fkh fd loksZPp U;k;ky; osQ eq[; U;k;kèkh'k osQ fy, ofj"Brk
osQ fl¼kUr (Principal of Seniority) dks dBksjrk osQ lkFk ykxw fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

loksZPp U;k;kèkh'kksa dh ;ksX;rk,¡ (Qualification of the Judges)

lafoèkku }kjk loksZPp U;k;ky; osQ U;k;kèkh'kksa dh fuEu ;ksX;rk,¡ fuf'pr dh xbZ gSaµ
1- og Hkkjr dk ukxfjd gksA
2- og fdlh mPp U;k;ky; ;k U;k;ky;ksa esa de&ls&de 5 o"kZ rd U;k;kèkh'k jg pqdk gksA

vFkok
3- og fdlh mPp U;k;ky; esa de&ls&de 10 o"kks± rd ,MoksosQV jg pqdk gksA vFkok
4- og jk"Vªifr dh n`f"V esa dksbZ izfl¼ fofèkosÙkk (Distinguished Jurist) gksA

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