Page 174 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—9: U;k;ikfydk% loksZPp U;k;ky;] mPp U;k;ky;] U;kf;d iqu£ujh{k.k

ugha gSA vU; ljdkjh vax] O;fDr rFkk U;k;ky; Hkh ml ijke'kZ ij pyus vkSj mlosQ vuqlkj vius fu.kZ; nsus uksV
osQ fy, ckè; ugha gSA vesfjdk esa mPpre U;k;ky; dks ijke'kZ nsus dk ,slk dksbZ vfèkdkj izkIr ugha gSA Hkkjrh;
mPpre U;k;ky; osQ bl vfèkdkj dh dbZ ys[kdksa }kjk dM+h vkykspuk dh xbZ gSA vkykspdksa dk dguk gS fd
blls cM+h fofp=k leL;k,¡ mRiUu gks ldrh gSa vkSj mPpre U;k;ky; osQ ijke'kZ lacaèkh {ks=kkf/dkj ls ykHk dh
vk'kk gh dh gSA
jk"Vªifr us loksZPp U;k;ky; ls dbZ ckj lykg ek¡xh gS rFkk loksZPp U;k;ky; us viuh jk; nh gSA tSlsµjk"Vªifr
oh-oh- fxjh us 1974 esa xqtjkr foèkkulHkk Hkax gksus osQ dkj.k loksZPp U;k;ky; ls lykg ek¡xh Fkh fd vxLr]
1974 esa gksus okys jk"Vªifr osQ pquko esa xqtjkr dh D;k fLFkfr gksxh\ loksZPp U;k;y; us 5 twu] 1974 dks
viuh lykg esa dgk fd èkkjk 62 osQ vUrxZr jk"Vªifr dk pquko igys okys jk"Vªifr osQ dk;Zdky dh lekfIr
ls igys gksuk vfuok;Z gS] pkgs ml le; fdlh Hkh izkUr dh foèkkulHkk Hkax gh D;ksa u gksA

4- ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dk laj{kd (Gaurdian of Fundamental Rights)–lafoèkku esa ukxfjdksa dks dbZ
izdkj osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkj fn, x, gSaA loksZPp U;k;ky; bu ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk djrk gSA ekSfyd
vfèkdkjksa osQ lacaèk esa loksZPp U;k;ky; dks izkjafHkd {ks=kkfèkdkj izkIr gSA ;fn fdlh O;fDr ;k laLFkk osQ ekSfyd
vfèkdkjksa dk mYya?ku gks rks og O;fDr ;k laLFkk vius ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dks euokus osQ fy, lhèks loksZPp
U;k;ky; ls vihy dj ldrs gSA loksZPp U;k;y; ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk osQ fy, dbZ izdkj ls izfrys[k
(Write of Habeas Corpus), ijekns'k (Write of Mandamus), izfr"ksèk (Write of Prohibition),
vf/dkj i`PNk (Write of Quo-Warranto) vkSj mRizs"k.k (Write of Certiorari) osQ izfrys[k 'kkfey gSaA

ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa osQ lacaèk esa loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk fn, x, fu.kZ; Hkkjr osQ lHkh U;k;ky;ksa ij ykxw gksrs gSaA
1967 esa xksydukFk eqdnes esa loksZPp U;k;ky; us ;g fu.kZ; fn;k Fkk fd laln dks lafoèkku esa fn, x, ukxfjdksa
osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa esa la'kksèku djus dk vfèkdkj ugha gS] ijUrq ckn esa lqizhe dksVZ us 24osa] 25osa vkSj 29osa
la'kksèkuksa osQ fo#¼ dh ubZ fjV ;kfpdkvksa (Writ Petitions) osQ lacaèk esa 24 vizSy] 1973 dks ;g ,sfrgkfld
fu.kZ; fn;k fd laln lafoèkku osQ ewy <k¡ps osQ varZxr ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa esa la'kksèku djus dk vfèkdkj j[krh
gSA lqizhe dksVZ us bl fu.kZ; us xksydukFk osQ fu.kZ; dks mYV fn;k gSA 42 ok¡ la'kksèku 1976 bl ckr dh O;oLFkk
djrk gS fd laln dh lafoèkku esa la'kksèku djus dh 'kfDr ij fdlh Hkh izdkj dk izfrcUèk ugha gS rFkk vuqPNsn
368 osQ vUrxZr fd, x, fdlh Hkh laoSèkkfud la'kksèku dks fdlh Hkh U;k;ky; esa fdlh Hkh vkèkkj ij pqukSrh
ugha nh tk ldrhA
5- lafoèkku dh O;k[;k djus dk vfèkdkj (Power to Interpret the Constitution)–loksZPp
U;k;ky; dks lafoèkku dh vfUre O;k[;k djus dh 'kfDr izkIr gSA lafoèkku dh èkkjk 141 osQ vuqlkj ¶loksZPp
U;k;ky; }kjk ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k dkuwu Hkkjr osQ {ks=k esa fLFkr lHkh U;k;ky;ksa dks ckè; gksxkA¸ Hkkjr esa la?kkRed
'kklu iz.kkyh LFkkfir dh xbZ gSA osQUnz vkSj jkT;ksa esa laoSèkkfud vkèkkj ij 'kfDr;ksa dk c¡Vokjk fd;k x;k gSA
,slh 'kklu O;oLFkk esa osQUnz vkSj jkT;ksa esa rFkk jkT;ksa esa vkil esa dbZ fookn mB [kM+s gksus LokHkkfod gSA loksZPp
U;k;ky; dks ,sls fooknksa dks gy djus osQ fy, lafoèkku dh O;k[;k djuh iM+rh gSA loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk dh
xb lafoèkku dh O;k[;k loksZÙke vkSj vfUre ekuh tkrh gS rFkk lHkh i{kksa dks loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk fn, x,
fu.kZ; Lohdkj djus iM+rs gSaA

6- eqdneksa dks LFkkukUrfjr djus dh 'kfDr (Power Regarding Transference of Cases)–1976 osQ
42osa la'kksèku osQ }kjk lafoèkku esa ,d u;h èkkjk 139A tksM+ nh xbZ gSaA blosQ vUrxZr loksZPp U;k;ky; dks ;g
vfèkdkj fn;k x;k gS fd loksZPp U;k;ky; 'kh?kz U;k; fnyokus osQ y{; ls fdlh Hkh eqdnes dks ,d mPp

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