Page 179 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV lkekU; O;oLFkk,¡–mPp U;k;ky; dk U;k;kèkh'k lsokfuo`Ùk gksus osQ i'pkr~ loksZPp U;k;ky; rFkk vU; jkT;ksa
osQ flok; fdlh nwljs U;k;ky; esa odkyr ugha dj ldrkA bldk vfHkizk; ;g gS fd lsok ls fuo`Ùk gksus okyk
U;k;kèkh'k ml U;k;ky; esa odkyr ugha dj ldrk] tgk¡ ls og lsokfuo`Ùk gqvk gksA
'kfDr;k¡ rFkk dk;Z (Powers and Functions)–mPp U;k;ky;ksas osQ vfèkdkj vkSj muosQ {ks=kkfèkdkj yxHkx
oSlk gh gS tSls fd lafoèkku ykxw gksus ls igys FksA mPp U;k;ky; dk eq[; dke eqdneksa dk fu.kZ; djuk gSA
ijUrq bls U;kf;d iqufoZpkj dh 'kfDr Hkh izkIr gSA blosQ vfrfjDr bls vius vèkhuLFk U;k;ky;ksa dh ns[k&js[k
djus dk iz'kkldh; dk;Z Hkh djuk gksrk gSA vr% bldh 'kfDr;ksa rFkk dk;ks± dk vè;;u bl izdkj fd;k tk
ldrk gSµ
(i) izkjafHkd {ks=kkfèkdkj (Original Jurisdiction)–(i) dydÙkk] cacbZ vkSj enzkl mPp U;k;ky;ksa esa
oqQN nhokuh o iQkStnkjh eqdnes izFke ckj esa gh lhèks is'k fd, tk ldrs gSaA muosQ fy, ;g vko';d ugha
fd os igys vèkhu U;k;ky;ksa esa is'k fd, tk;sa tSlk fd vU; jkT;ksa esa ik;k tkrk gSA

(ii) ukSdkfèkdj.k (Admiralty), bPNk&i=k vFkkZr~ olh;r (Probate), fookg fofèk] dEiuh fofèk rFkk
fookg&foPNsn vkfn osQ eqdnes Hkh lhèks mPp U;k;ky;ksa osQ ikl tk ldrs gSaA mPp U;k;ky;ksa osQ vieku osQ
fo"k; esa Hkh lHkh mPp U;k;ky;ksa dks izkjafHkd {ks=kkfèkdkj izkIr gSA
(iii) mPp U;k;ky; ukxfjdksa osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dk Hkh j{kd gSA ;fn fdlh ukxfjd osQ ekSfyd
vfèkdkjksa ij vk?kkr gksrk gS] rks og ukxfjd lhèkk loksZPp U;k;ky; esa izkFkZuk&i=k ns ldrk gS vFkok mPp
U;k;ky; esaA mPp U;k;ky; dbZ ys[kksa (Writs), tSls–canh izR;{khdj.k (Writ of Habeas Corpus),
ijekns'k (Writ of Mandamus), izfr"ksèk (Writ of Prohibition), mRizs{k.k (Writ of Certiorari),
i`PNk ys[k (Writ of Quo-Warranto) osQ }kjk ukxfjdksa osQ vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk djrk gSA bu ys[kksa (Writs)

dks tkjh djus dk vfèkdkj vU; lc dk;ks± osQ fy, Hkh gSA
42 osa la'kksèku }kjk mPp U;k;ky;ksa dks oqQN 'kfDr;ksa ls oafpr fd;k x;k Fkk] ysfdu vc 44osa la'kks/u osQ
vUrxZr 42 osa la'kksèku ls iwoZ dh fLFkfr dks iqu% LFkkfir djus dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA
2- vihyh; {ks=kkfèkdkj (Appellate Jurisdiction)–lHkh mPp U;k;ky;ksa dks vius vèkhu U;k;ky;ksa osQ
iSQlyksa osQ fo:¼ vihy lquus dk vfèkdkj izkIr gS] ftUgsa nks Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

(i) nhokuh (Civil) rFkk (ii) iQkStnkjh (Criminal)A
(i) nhokuh (Civil)–nhokuh ekeyksa esa mPp U;k;ky;ksa esa dksbZ Hkh vihy ;k igyh vihy gksxh vFkok
nwljh vihyA igyh vihy dk vFkZ ;g gS fd ftyk U;k;ky;ksa osQ fu.kZ;ksa osQ fo:¼ lhèks mPp U;k;ky; esa
vihy dh tk ldrh gSA ,slk rHkh gks ldrk gS tc ml eqdnes esa dkuwu dk dksbZ xgjk iz'u my>k gqvk gksA
nwljs] tc ,d vihy ftys dk U;k;ky; lqu pqdk gS rks mlosQ fu.kZ; osQ fo:¼ Hkh vihy mPp U;k;ky; esa
gks ldrh gS ijUrq mlesa dksbZ dkuwuh iz'u my>k gksuk pkfg,A mPp U;k;ky; esa igyh rFkk nwljh vihyh;
{ks=kkf/dkj osQ varZxr ;fn mPp U;k;ky; osQ ,d U;k;kèkh'k us vihy lquh gS rks mlosQ fu.kZ; osQ fo#¼ mPp
U;k;ky; esa fiQj vihy gks ldrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa dbZ U;k;kèkh'k vihy lqurs gSaA
;gk¡ ;g mYys[kuh; gS fd 9 tuojh] 1980 dks iatkc U;k;ky; (la'kksèku) vè;kns'k (Punjab Courts
[(Amendment Ordinance, 1979)] ykxw gqvk FkkA bl vè;kns'k osQ vuqlkj ftl vfHk;ksx dk lacaèk
20]000 #i;s ls 5 yk[k #i;s rd dh jde osQ lkFk gS] bl vfHk;ksx lacaèkh igyh vihy ftyk U;k;k/h'k
osQ ikl vkSj ftyk U;k;kèkh'k osQ fu.kZ; fo#¼ vU; vihy jkT; osQ mPp U;k;ky; (High Court) osQ ikl
gksxhA

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