Page 258 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—13: la?k&jkT; laca/µoS/kfud] iz'kkldh; vkSj foÙkh; jktuhfr

• leorhZ lwph esa of.kZr fo"k;ksa dks tkuus esaA uksV

• la?k vkSj osQUnz osQ chp laca/ksa dk o.kZu djus gsrqA

izLrkouk (Introduction)

Hkkjrh; lafo/ku osQ }kjk nksgjh 'kklu iz.kkyh LFkkfir dh xbZ gS ftlesa la?k osQUnz esa vkSj jkT; ?ksjs esa fo|eku
gSa vkSj çR;sd dks lafo/ku osQ }kjk fu/kZfjr fo"k;ksa osQ lEcU/ esa lÙkk ç;ksx dh 'kfDr;k¡ iznku dh xbZ gSaA
lafo/ku osQ }kjk la?k vkSj jkT;ksa dks nh tkus okyh 'kfDr;ksa dk lkiQ vkSj Li"V foHkktu fd;k x;k gSA lafo/ku
osQ nks Hkkx XI vkSj XII (vuPNsn 245 ls 263) la?k vkSj jkT;ksa osQ eè; lEcU/ksa osQ o.ku dks lefiZr gSaA
Hkkx XI esa Hkkjr la?k osQ bu nks HkkXkksa osQ chp oS/kfud vkSj ç'kkldh; lEcU/ksa dh ppkZ dh xbZ gS vkSj Hkkx
XII esa foÙkh; lEcU/ksa dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA ,slk o.kZu lafo/ku osQ ,d mís';&n`<+ rFkk 'kfDr'kkyh osQUnz
osQ lkFk la?kkRed O;oLFkk dh LFkkiuk&dks iw.kZr;k Li"V djrk gSA vkSj ;g jkT;ksa osQ la?k Hkkjr dh çÑfr dks
çdV djrk gSA Mh- ,u- cSuthZ osQ vuqlkj] ¶gekjs lafo/ku osQ çkjfEHkd vk/kj {ks=kokn vkSj LFkkuh; oiQknkjh
dh ek¡xksa vkSj ,dkRedrk dh vko';drk osQ eè; ,d le>kSrk gSA blh dkj.k gekjs lafoèkku esa la?kokn vkSj
,dkRedrk nksuksa dh oqQN&oqQN fo'ks"krk,¡ gSaA Hkkjrh; lafo/ku u rks iw.kZr;k la?kh; gS vkSj u gh ,dkRedA bldk
LoHkko vFkZ&la?kh; gS] dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd bldk Lo:i la?kkRed gS ijUrq oqQN fo'ks"k fLFkfr;ksa esa ;g
fuf'pr ,dkRed lq>ko okyk jkT; gSA bl dFku dh iqf"V rc gks tkrh gS tc ge la?k vkSj jkT;ksa osQ eè;
'kfDr;ksa osQ foHkktu osQ eè; 'kfDr;ksa osQ foHkktu dh O;oLFkk vkSj buosQ oSèkkfud] ç'kkldh; vkSj foÙkh;
lEcU/ksa dh çÑfr dk fo'ys"k.k djrs gSaA

13.1 la?k vkSj jkT;ksa esa oS/kfud laca/ (Legislative Relations between the
Union and States)

lafo/ku osQ Hkkx XI esa la?k vkSj jkT;ksa osQ eè; oS/kfud 'kfDr;ksa osQ foHkktu dk foLr`r o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA
,slk djrs le; vejhdh lafo/ku osQ vuqlkj dk;Z ugha fd;k x;k gSA vejhdh la?k esa] lafo/ku la?k ljdkj
osQ fy, oqQN 'kfDr;k¡ fu/kZfjr dh xbZ gSa vkSj 'ks"k 'kfDr;k¡ jkT;ksa dks nh xbZ± gSaA blosQ foijhr Hkkjrh; lafo/ku
oSQusMk osQ lafo/ku osQ vuq:i gSaA oSQusMk osQ lafo/ku dh 91oha vuqPNsn esa vyx&vyx fo"k;ksa dh rhu
Hkkxksa&31 fo"k;ksa okyh Mksehfu;u lwph] 16 fo"k;ksa okyh izkarh; lwph vkSj 3 fo"k;ksa okyh leorhZ lwph esa ck¡Vk
x;kA blosQ vfrfjDr bl lafo/ku osQ vuqlkj vo'ks"k 'kfDr;k¡] la;qDr jkT; vejhdk] vkLVsªfy;k] fLoV~”kjySaM
vkSj teZuh osQ lafo/kuksa osQ foijhr] osQUnz dks lkSaih xbZ±A Hkkjrh; lafo/ku esa Hkh vyx&vyx fo"k;ksa dks rhu
lwfp;ksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS% tks bl izdkj gSµ
I. la?kh; lwph] blesa 97 fo"k; gSa ftu ij la?kh; laln~ dkuwu cuk ldrh gSA
II. jkT; lwph] blesa 66 fo"k; gSa ftu ij jkT; fo/ku lHkk,¡ dkuwu cuk ldrh gSaA
III. leorhZ lwph] blesa 47 fo"k; gSa ftu ij la?k vkSj jkT; nksuksa gh dkuwu cuk ldrs gSaA

IV. vo'ks"k 'kfDr;k¡ (Residuary Powers) vFkkZr~ bu rhuksa lwfp;ksa osQ vfrfjDr vU; fo'ks"k osQUnz dks lkSais
x, gSaA

uksV~l la?kh; lwph lwfp;ksa ls cM+h gS blesa 97 fo"k; 'kkfey gSa ftu ij la?kh; laln lafo/ku osQ }kjk
fuf'pr izfØ;k osQ vuqlkj dkuwu ikl dj ldrh gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 253