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bdkbZ—13: la?k&jkT; laca/µoS/kfud] iz'kkldh; vkSj foÙkh; jktuhfr
oS/kfud lEcU/ksa osQ lEcU/ esa la?k dh Js"B fLFkfr (The Superior Position of the Union in uksV
respect of Legislative Relations)
la?k vkSj izR;sd jkT; osQ fy, oS/kfud 'kfDr;ksa okys ,d vyx vkSj Lok;Ùk {ks=k dh lhekcUnh djrs le;
'kfDr;ksa osQ foHkktu esa lafo/ku esa Li"V :i esa la?k osQ i{k esa >qdko izrhr gksrk gSA dbZ O;oLFkkvksa ls Hkkjrh;
lafo/ku ,dkRed Hkkouk fl¼ gksrh gSA fuEufyf[kr rF; bl ckr dh vksj Li"V laosQr djrs gSa fd oS/kfud
lEcU/ksa osQ ?ksjs vanj la?k dks vf/d 'kfDr'kkyh vkSj Js"B fLFkfr izkIr gSA
1- lcls cM+h la?kh; lwph (Longest Union List)
la?kh; lwph 97 fo"k;ksa okyh rhu lwfp;ksa esa ls lcls cM+h lwph gS ftlesa izHkkoh 98 fo"k; 'kkfey gSaA
blesa jk"Vªh; vkSj mPp egÙo osQ lHkh fo"k; 'kkfey gSaA
2- leorhZ fo"k;ksa osQ lEcU/ esa la?kh; dkuwuksa dks jkT; dkuwu ls vf/d izkFkfedrk (Primacy of the
Union Laws over State Laws in respect of Concurrent Subjects)% la?kh; laln vkSj izR;sd
jkT; fo/kulHkk leorhZ lwph osQ fo"k;ksa ij dkuwu cuk ldrh gSA ijUrq fdlh leorhZ fo"k; ij la?k osQ ,d
dkuwu vkSj fdlh jkT; osQ ,d dkuwu esa >xM+k iSnk gks tkus dh fLFkfr esa la?k osQ dkuwu dks jkT; dkuwu dh
rqyuk esa izkFkfedrk nh tkrh gSA vuqPNsn 254 esa ;g Li"V n'kkZ;k x;k gS fd osQoy ,d gh fLFkfr esa bl fl¼kar
osQ foijhr pyk tk ldrk gS] og ;g gS fd ;fn fdlh jkT; fo/kuikfydk osQ }kjk fdlh leorhZ fo"k; ls
lEcfU/r dksbZ dkuwu ikl fd;k x;k gks vkSj ,slk dkuwu jk"Vªifr dh lgefr izkIr djosQ gh dkuwu cuk gks rks
ml fLFkfr esa jkT; dkuwu O;ogkj esa ykxw jgsxk pkgs ;g dkuwu vFkok bldk dksbZ Hkkx la?k osQ dkuwu osQ foijhr
gh D;ksa u gksA
;gk¡ bl ckr dh O;oLFkk Hkh dh xbZ gS fd dksbZ Hkh lÙkk vFkok laLFkk laln dks ,sls ekeys osQ lEcU/ esa dksbZ
dkuwu cukus] dkuwu esa o`f¼ djus la'kks/u djus] ifjorZu djus ;k jkT; fo/kulHkk osQ }kjk cuk, x, dkuwu
dks [kf.Mr djus ls jksd ugha ldrhA bl izdkj ge Li"V :i esa ;g dg ldrs gSa fd leorhZ lwph osQ fo"k;ksa
esa la?k dks Js"Brk izkIr gSA
3- vo'ks"k 'kfDr;k¡ la?kh; laln osQ ikl gSa (Residuary Powers are with Union Parliament)%
la?kh; lwph esa 97 (98) fo"k; 'kkfey djus osQ i'pkr~ vkSj leorhZ fo"k;ksa osQ lEcU/ esa la?kh; dkuwuksa dks
izkFkfedrk nsus osQ i'pkr~ lafo/ku esa vuqPNsn 248 osQ v/hu vo'ks"k 'kfDr;k¡@fo"k; la?kh; laln osQ iw.kZ
vf/dkj {ks=k esa 'kkfey fd, x, gSaA
4- jkT; lwph osQ lEcU/ la?kh; laln osQ vf/dkj (Union Parliament’s Rights in respect of the
objects of State List)% izR;sd jkT; fo/kuikfydk dks jkT; lwph osQ fo"k;ksa ij dkuwu cukus dk vf/dkj
gSA ijUrq ;gk¡ Hkh oqQN viokn gSa ftuosQ vuqlkj laln dks vyx&vyx ekeyksa eas jkT; fo"k;ksa ls lEcfU/r
dkuwu cukus dh 'kfDr fey tkrh gSaA
(d) jk"Vªh; fgr esa osQUnzh; dkuwu (Central Leqislation in National Interest)% vuqPNsn 249 osQ
v/hu jkT;lHkk vius fo|eku vkSj ernku dj jgs lnL;ksa osQ 2@3 cgqer osQ leFkZu osQ }kjk ,d izLrko ikl
djosQ fdlh jkT; fo"k; dks jk"Vªh; egÙo okyk fo"k; ?kksf"kr dj ldrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa la?kh; laln dks
bl fo"k; ij dkuwu cukus osQ fy, ,d o"kZ osQ le; osQ fy, 'kfDr fey tkrh gSA jkT;lHkk ,slk izLrko ckj&ckj
ikl dj ldrh gS vkSj fdlh jkT; fo"k; ls lEcfU/r laln dh dkuwu fuekZ.k dh 'kfDr;ksa esa o`f¼ dj ldrh
gSA ,slk la?k dk dkuwu jkT;lHkk osQ izLrko dh vof/ lekIr gksus osQ i'pkr~ N% eghus osQ le; osQ fy, ykxw
jg ldrk gSA
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 255
