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bdkbZμ13% lH;μvlH;μ dFkklkj] pfj=k&fp=k.k] lizlax O;k[;k
?kj igq¡pus osQ i'pkr~ teknkfju dh tsBkuh viuh vafre lkal ys pqdh FkhA teknkfju rks MkWDVj dks iyVdj uksV
u ns[k ldha ysfdu teknkj us tc MkWDVj lkgc dks ns[kk rks vknjo'k vk [kM+k gqvkA teknkj us MkWDVj dks
crk;k fd esjk HkkbZ eq>s viuk nq'eu le>rk gS tcfd vkM+s oDr ij HkkbZ osQ flok dkSu dke vkrk gSA
misUnzukFk ^v'd* ;FkkFkZoknh dFkkdkj gSaA mudh dgkfu;ksa esa O;aX; vkSj laosnuk dk xq.k fo'ks"k gSA
ihfM+r osQ izfr mudh laosnuk gj txg O;Dr gksrh gSA
MkWDVj us ?kj vkdj iRuh dks ckrsa crkb±A blh chp iRuh us crk;k fd mlosQ HkkbZ osQ llqjkyh fj'rsnkj dh
e`R;q gks xbZ gS vkSj dy mldk pkSFkk gSA iRuh us ifr ls ml xjhc vkneh osQ pkSFks ij tkus dk Hkh vkxzg
fd;kA MkWDVj lkgc iRuh dh ckr Vky u losQ vkSj vxys fnu ogk¡ igq¡psA lc gky pky iwNkA e`rd osQ HkkbZ
us crk;k fd esjh iRuh chekj jgrh gS vkSj bl otg ls vius cPpksa dks Hkh Bhd ls ugha ns[k ikrhA
oqQN le; chr x;kA ,d fnu fMLisaljh esa osQUnzh; vukFky; osQ O;oLFkkid igq¡ps vkSj mUgksaus MkWDVj ls
vukFkky; pyus osQ fy, fuosnu fd;k fd pydj os oqQN chekj cPpksa dks ns[k ysaA MkWDVj us vukFkky;
igq¡pdj dj cPpksa dks ns[kk vkSj nokb;ka fy[k nhaA brus esa oqQN u, cPpksa ij utj iM+h rks MkWDVj us muosQ
ckn esa iwNk rks irk pyk fd bu cPpksa osQ firk edku ls fxjdj ej x, vkSj vc rkÅ ns[krs FksA ysfdu
iRuh dh chekjh dh otg ls ;gk¡ NksM+ x, gSaA
MkWDVj lkgc ?kj igq¡ps rks iRuh us crk;k fd gekjh teknkfju vius tsB osQ lc cPpksa dks vius ?kj ykbZ gSA
mlosQ ?kj esa txg ugha gS ij teknkj dgrk gS fd og cPpksa dks ;w¡ nj&nj HkVdus osQ fy, ugha NksM+ ldrkA
dgkuh ftl ;FkkFkZ osQ /jkry ls 'kq: gksrh gS mldk var Hkh mlh izdkj gksrk gSA ys[kd dgkuh osQ ekè;e
ls ,d f'kf{kr ifjoj dh vlaosnu'khyrk ij O;aX; djrk gS tcfd mldh n`f‘ esa xjhc vf'kf{kr O;fDr vius
fj'rksa osQ izfr dgha vf/d ftEesnkj vkSj laosnu'khy gSA
lH;&vlH; dgkuh esa ^v'd* th us rFkkdfFkr lH;ksa vkSj vlH;ksa esa varj ij ekfeZd
O;aX; fd;k gSA
13-2 ik=k ,oa pfj=k&fp=k.k
MkWDVj
^lH;&vlH;* dgkuh MkWDVj osQ ekè;e ls dgh xbZ gSA MkWDVj gh dgkuh dk eq[; oDrk gSA ys[kd us dgkuh
esa O;aX; dks laosnu'khy <ax ls MkWDVj osQ ekè;e ls izLrqr fd;k gSA MkWDVj ftl eè;oxZ ls laca/ j[krk gS
ml eè;oxZ dh dbZ fcMacuk,¡ gSaA MkWDVj mlh eè;oxZ esa gksus osQ ckotwn MkWDVj dk laosnu'khy eu bl ckr
dks vPNh rjg eglwl djrk gS fd eè;oxZ dbZ ckj vius LokFkks± ls mQij ugha mB ikrkA tcfd fuEu oxZ
xjhc gS vf'kf{kr gS blosQ ckotwn fj'rksa dh xekZgV muesa dgha u dgha cuh gqbZ gSA MkWDVj osQ ekè;e ls ^v'd*
us eè;oxZ dh bUgha fcMacukvksa dks vfHkO;fDr nh gSA MkWDVj osQ ekè;e ls ys[kd us nksuksa oxks± osQ chp osQ iQdZ
dks vfHkO;fDr nsus esa liQyrk gkfly dh gSA
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