Page 110 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_HINDI

Hkkjrh; Lora=krk laxzke (1707&1947 bZ-)

uksV ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vc ljdkj D;k dj ldrh FkhA og eq¡g fNikus dk cgkuk <w¡<+us dks etcwj FkhA
mlss eq¡g fNikus dk cgkuk fey x;kA lwjr osQ fo/ku ifj"kn~ lnL;ksa us xouZj dks ,d fpV~Bh fy[kh] ftles
afy[kk Fkk] ¶tk¡p osQ fy, vkius tks 'krs± j[kh gSa] os eku yh tk,¡xhA¸ os 'krs± D;k Fkha] bldk fpV~Bh esa
ftØ ugha FkkA okoLro esa ljdkj ;g eku xbZ fd og c<+s gq, yxku dh olwyh ij tksj ugha nsxhA xouZj
us tc ?kks"k.kk dh fd ;g mldh thr gS] rks bl ckr dks fdlh us xaHkhjrk ls ugha fy;kA
,d U;kf;d vf/dkjh czweiQhYM vkSj ,d jktLo vf/dkjh eSDlosy us lkjs ekeys dh tk¡p dh vksj viuh
jiV esa fy[kk fd 30 izfr'kr yxku c<+ksrjh xyr FkhA bls ?kVkdj 6-03 izfr'kr dj fn;k x;kA yanu esa
izdkf'kr ^U;w LVsV~leSu* us 5 ebZ 1929 osq vius vad esa fy[kk% ¶tk¡p lfefr dh fjiksVZ ljdkj osQ eq¡g
ij rekpk gS--- blosQ nwjxkeh ifj.kke gksaxs----A¸

fdlku la?k"kZ vkSj jk‘ªh; Lok/hurk la?k"kZ osQ vr%laca/ksa dh lcls lqanj O;k[;k 'kk;n xk¡/hth us gh dh gSA
mUgsa osQ 'kCnksa esaμ¶ckjnksyh la?k"kZ pkgs oqQN Hkh gks] ;g Lojkt dh izkfIr osQ fy, la?k"kZ ugha gSA ysfdu
bl rjg dk gj la?k"kZ] gj dksf'k'k gesa Lojkt osQ djhc igq¡pk jgh gS vkSj gesa Lojkt dh eafty rd igq¡pkus
esa 'kk;n ; la?k"kZ lh/s Lojkt osQ fy, la?k"kZ ls dgha T;knk lgk;d fl¼ gks ldrs gSaA¸

fdlku lHkkvksa dk xBuμfdlku usrkvksa osQ ,d Hkkx us dkaxszl dh uhfr;ksa osQ fojks/kHkkl dks le>kA ;s
nksuksa vkUnksyu tks dkaxzsl us fd, Fks] mlls Hkwfeifr;ksa dks gh ykHk gqvk FkkA dkaxzsl Hkwfeifr;ksa rFkk eqtkjksa
osQ lEcUèkksa osQ fo"k; esa oqQN ugha dj jgh FkhA og Hkwfejfgr fdlkuksa osQ izfr mnklhu FkhA lkE;oknh rFkk
vU; okeiUFkh nyksa us fdlkuksa esa oxZ&tkxj.k mRiUu fd;k vkSj fdlku lHkkvksa osQ xBu esa fo'ks"k Hkwfedk
fuHkkbZA

1920 ls vkjEHk gksus okys n'kd esa caxky] iatkc rFkk ;w-ih- esa fdlku lHkkvksa dk xBu gqvkA 1928 esa
vka/z izkUrh; jS;r lHkk (Andhra Provincial Ryots Association) cuh ijarq vf[ky Hkkjrh; fdlku lHkk dk
xBu 11 vizSy] 1936 dks y[kumQ esa gqvkA fdlku lHkk dk mís'; fdlkuksa dh vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k ls j{kk djuk
FkkA mUgksaus Í.kksa ij Hkh Í.kLFkxu (moratorium) ekaxk] de ykHknk;d tksrksa (uneconomic holdings) ij
Hkwfe dj dk gVkuk] fdjk;k rFkk Hkwfe dj dk de djuk] lkgwdkjksa dks ykbZlsUl (licence) ysus ij ckè;
djuk] Ñf"k etnwjksa dk de ls de osru fuf'pr djuk] xUus rFkk vU; O;kikfjd iQlyksa osQ fy, mfpr
nj fuf'pr djuk rFkk flapkbZ osQ lk/uksa bR;kfn dh ekaxsa izLrqr dhaA mUgksaus tehankjh O;oLFkk dh lekfIr]
rFkk Hkwfe Ñ"kd dks gh feys] ,slh ekax dhA blosQ vfrfjDr mUgksaus Ñ"kdksa dks Hkh LorU=krk laxzke esa Hkkx
ysus dks dgkA

8-2 1930 bZ- ls 1940 bZ- osQ nkSjku Ñ"kd vkanksyu (Peasant Movements in The
1930’s and 1940’s)

1930 osQ n'kd esa Hkkjrh; fdlkuksa esa ,d u;k jkԻoknh tkxj.k vk;kA mUgksaus viuh 'kfDr dks igpkuk vkSj
vius gkykr cnyus osQ fy, ,dtqV gksdj dksf'k'ksa dhaA ;g tkxj.k nks vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd ?kVukvksa
dk ifj.kke Fkk% ,d rks fo'oO;kih eanh ftlosQ izHkko Hkkjr esa 1929&30 esa fn[kkbZ iM+us yxs Fks vkSj nwljh]
Hkkjrh; jkԻh; dkaxszl }kjk NsM+s x, tula?k"kZ dk nkSj (1930)A
eanh osQ dkj.k Ñf"k mitksa dh dherssa dkiQh fxj xb±μ50 izfr'kr ;k mlls Hkh T;knk vkSj blosQ dkj.k Hkkjh
djksa vkSj yxku ls cngky fdlkuksa dh gkyr vkSj [kjkc gks xbZA ysfdu ljdkj u rks viuk VSDl de djus
dks rS;kj Fkh vkSj u tehankjksa dks ;g dgus dks fd os yxku dh njsa de dj nsaA nke rks vkS|ksfxd mRikndu
dk Hkh fxjk] ysfdu mruk ugha ftruk [kssrh dh iSnkokn dk vr% oqQy feykdj fdlkuksa dh fLFkfr ;g gks
xbZ fd mUgsa VSDlksa] yxkuksa vkSj ½.kksa dk Hkqxrku rks eanh osQ igys dh njksa ij djuk iM+ jgk Fkk] ysfdu

104 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY