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fJekJh^12L uhB d/ Bkb ;hwk fttkd ns/ uhBh nkeokwesk
fJekJh^12L uhB d/ Bkb ;hwk fttkd ns/ uhBh nkeokwesk
fJekJh^12L uhB d/ Bkb ;hwk fttkd ns/ uhBh nkeokwesk
fJekJh^12L uhB d/ Bkb ;hwk fttkd ns/ uhBh nkeokwesk
fJekJh^12L uhB d/ Bkb ;hwk fttkd ns/ uhBh nkeokwesk
uhBhnK Bz{ pzB/ o~yD bJh UjBK B/ ;'thnsK d/ fInkdk BIdhe ikD d/ edw T[mkJ/. UjBK B/ ed/ fJj BØN
BjhA wzfBnk fe efwT{fB;N uhB ns/ efwT{fB;N ;'thns ;zx ed/ fJ~em/ j'Dr/, fJj d't/A Gkosh
efwT{fB;NK Bkb fwbe/ Gkosh oki bJh ysok g?dk eoDr/.UjBK Bz{ fJj ftPtk; BjhA ;h fe uhB ;'thns
d/ j~E dk g[sbk ;h, ns/ Bk jh Uj fJj ;wMd/ ;B fe ;'thns ;zx Gkosh fw~soK d/ fybkc uhBh
efwT{fB;N GkJhnK dh wdd eo/rk, fit/A fe Gkos ft~u eJh b'e ;wMd/ ;B.
jwb/ dh ftPkbsk Bz{ t/y e/ Bfjo{ Bz{ pVk X~ek b~rk. UjBK B/ ;'funk fe fJE/ T[ZE/ e[M MrV/^Neokt
j'Dr/, gqzs{ fJzB/ t~v/ g?wkB/ s/ jwbk BjhA j't/rk.jwb/ dk ;o{g ;wMD ft~u UjBK B/ Gkoh rbsh ehsh Bk
fe ftd/P Bhsh ft~u. fJ~e j'o rbsh xpokjN ft~u nwohek ns/ fpqN/B s'~ wdd dh nghb ;h, id'A fe
nrb/ jh fdB uhB tkfg; ubk frnk. gq?;, fto'Xh gkoNhnk ns/ fJ~E'A se fe y[d nkgDh jh gkoNh d/
w?ApoK d[nkok Bfjo{ s/ r?ofIzw/dkokBk edw dk nko'g brkfJnk frnk.:[~X G{wh ft~u jko dh GktBk fJ; r~b
s'A j'o th rfjoh j' rJh fe uhBhnK dh pikfJ nkg Bfjo{ jwb/ dk fBPkBk pD/.fJj pV/ d[y dh r~b ;h fe
d/P B/ pjkd[oh Bkb fto'Xh dk ;kjwDk eoD ns/ nkgD/ fBofttkd B/sktK ft~u nk;Ek o~yD ft~u n;woEsk
dk gqdoPB ehsk. T[bN/ Uj fBokPk ns/ nkg;h nko'g^gqfsnko'gD ft~u c; frnk.Bfjo{ Bz{ fJj Pq/n fd~sk
ikDk ukjhdk j? fe UjBK B/ jkbksK s'A T[~GoD ns/ d/P Bz{ o;s/ s/ fbnkUD dk g{ok gq:sB ehsk.
n~i nfXeso fN~gDheko ;theko eod/ jB fe 1962 ft~u uhB d/ j~E'A Gkos dh jko uhB d/ Bkb d';sh
ft~u Bfjo{ dh puekBk nt;Ek ns/ :{oghnkJh PKshtkds ft~u UjBK dk ftPtk; ns/ fJjBK d/ cb;o{g
Gkos dh gqsho~fynk ewI'oh d/ ekoD BjhA j'Jh. 1949^50 ns/ 1962 d/ ft~u Gkosh jfEnkopzd ;?Bk dh
skes 2,80,000 s'A d[~rDh j' e/ 5,50,000 j' rJh, ns/ 1947 d/ Gkosh tk:{ ;?Bk d/ 7 :[~X d;fsnK dh
;zfynk 1962 ft~u tX e/ 19 j' rJh. 1965 ft~u gkfe;skB d/ Bkb fJjBK ;ki'^;kwkB Bkb jh bVkJh
j'Jh ;h ns/ jko dk ;kjwDk BjhA eoBk fgnk ;h.uhB Bkb ;hwk MVgK pko/ Bfjo{ 1959 s'A jh ;u/s ;B.
ns/ fJBK ;zGktBKtK pko/ UjBK Bz{ d~f;nk th frnk ;h, gqzs{ Bk jh okiBhfse ns/ Bk jh ;?fBe nrtkJh
B/ uhBh jwb/ dk ftP/P ;o{g gSkfDnk , fJ; bJh Uj j?okB ofj rJ/.;?Bk dh ewkB B/ iK sK ;hwk T[~s/ MVgK
iK n;kw d/ w?dkBK ft~u pV/ g?wkB/ s/ :[~X d/ pko/ ;'funk, gqzs{ Uj ed/ th ;hfws x[;g?m ns/ s[ozs tkg;h dh
ebgBk BjhA eo ;e/l uhc Uc ;Nkc iBob fEw?:k dk ftuko ;h fe uhB d/ Bkb ftnkge bVkJh bjhA ehsh
ik ;edh ;h feUAfe T[;Bz{ g{ok ;'ftns ;woEB fwbdk brdk ;h, Uj ns/ j'o tfoPm nc;o ;'ftns^uhB
wsG/dK s'A ikD{ BjhA ;B.Bk jh Uj jtkJh ;?Bk dh G{fwek d/ pko/ e[M ;'u ;e/.Uj th @nfij/ ;w/A id'A Gkosh
jtkJh ;?Bk no{Dkub gqd/P ns/ fs~ps T[Zs/ fpBK fe;/ uhBh fto'X d/ nkekP T[~s/ Sk iKdh.@ Bfjo{ B/ fpBK
jtkJh ;?Bk Bkb ;bkj ehs/ jh nwohek s'A jtkJh ;[o~fynk dh wzr ehsh ;h.
fJj th wfj;{; ehsk frnk fe jko T[~so o~fynk ewkB ns/ gqpzXB dh T[fus gqDkbh ns/ gqsho~fynk :'iBk
dh ewh d/ ekoD j'Jh. Bkb jh Bkrfoe^;?fBe ;zpzX th d'Pg{oD ;B.;?fBe ewkB Bkrfoe Bhsh fBoXkoD
dk fj~;k BjhA pDkJ/ rJ/.Uj :[~X ;EkBK d/ ewKvo pD/ oj/ i' Gft~y dhnK :'iBktK fsnko eod/, Bk fe
d{orkwh Gft~y dh gqsho~fynk ;zpzXh. 1959 s'A pknd uhB d/ ;zpzX ft~u Bfjo{ dhnk u/sktBhnK d/ pkti{d
fjwkfbnk y/so ft~u :[~X dhnK fsnkohnK s/ T[fus ;so s/ ftuko BjhA ehsk frnk.fJj jko ;kwkB^;gbkJh,
y[chnk ezwK, y[chnk ezwK d/ ftPb/PD, jfEnkopzd c"iK d/ ftfGzB nzrK d/ ftu nkg;h ;wM^p{M nkfd
Bkb i[Vh j'Jh ;h. ;?Bk d/ ewKvo nkgDk ;zs[bB y' p?m/ ns/ fpBK jwb/ dk ;kjwDk eo/ fg~S/ jN rJ/,
jkbkfe ftPtk; ehsk iKdk j/ fe Uj x~N s'A x~N j'o ;~s fdB T[~E/ fNe/ ofj ;ed/ ;B. fJBK ewKvoK
dk fgSbk foekov ekch uzrk fojk j? ns/ UjBk Bz{ T[; d/ bJh swrk th G/AN ehsk frnk ;h. uhBh c"iK
fizBh ibdh nkJhnK UBh jh s/Ih Bkb tkfg; ubhnK rJhnK.UjBK dk T[d/P ;h rfjoh gqzs{ ;hfws x[;g?m
d/ okjhA Gkos dk nBkdo eoBk.Gkosh g~y fJ; r~b dk nzdkIk Bk brk ;fenk fe uhBh tkfg; ub/
ikDr/, fJ; bJh UjBK B/ n;kw ft~u t~v/ g?wkB/ s/ :[ZX dhnK fsnkohnK P[o{ eo fd~shnK .
fInkdkso ftP/P~r Gkos d/ jwbkto fJokfdnk d/ w?e;t?b d/ f;XKs Bz{ rzGhosk Bkb BjhA b?Ad/ feUAfe fJj
;gPN j? fe fJokfdnK dh r~b sK S~v' jh, Gkos Bz{ :[ZX fSVD s~e dk nzdkIk BjhA ;h.Gkos d/ gqXkB wzsoh
ns/ o~fynk wzsoh d/P s'A pkjo ;B, ;?Bk ewkB d/ gqw[Zy S[~Nh s/, fJ~e tfoPm ewKvo ;w[zdoh :ksok s/ ns/
t?;/ th :[ZX S/VD Bkb Gkos Bz{ fwbD eh tk+k ;h, fJ; d/ T[bN fJj do;kfJnk ik ;edk j? fe uhBhnK d/

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