Page 208 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

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xNh. ;ir tbA, 1776 Smith dh gf;X feskp d gekPB dk ;kb ;h. dbs d okPNoA, nwoheh TgfBt /
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PK B nikdh dh xPDk dh rd bD, ns ;kotGfwe wskfXeko ns tko;fae ;;dK bJh wio carthwright
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ukoNo dh xPDk. fJj fXnkB dD bkfJe fe xPDk yPh dk fgSk eoD d bJh, ;dofGs ehsk iKdk ;h
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pAEw wBy ekotkJh ;pXs ekƒBK dh yi eoD bJh gfos eoD d.
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Shelbourne d nob d Bkb nkgD xfBPm ;fj:r d dokB, pAEw bvh Shelbourne Gshih, e?o'bhB
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cke; d tb nkeoPs j frnk. fJj TBK dk dik fgnko, gfjbh ik fojk wfonw dunkley ;h. pjojkb,
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ftnkj ns pAEw ftu ;wkgs jfJnk foPshnK tb'A BjhA sK fJe pubo pD oj. pAEw T;dh ;ko dk
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fgnko TBK d Gok PwJb, BA ;kb T;ƒ eoD bJh SNh T¤s pSko. Tj nkgDh f;fynk ns eohno, ftu
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fJe vxk ouh b fbnk, fpBK gGktPkbh jD d Bks. Tj PwJb o; dh :ksok eoD bJh gs;kfjs ehsk.
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TBKB pknd ftu 1780 ftu o{; dh :ksok eoD dk c?;bk ehsk, ns bJh TBKB ftXkB ns ;XkoK ftu
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finkdk fdbu;gh bD br T; :ksok pAEw d ihtB, ftu fJe wjstgoD wV ;kps.
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pAEw ;kotifBe gPk;B, noE Pk;so ns ;kwkie Bhsh Yr ns ekƒB d fJe f;XKs ƒ ftef;s eoD
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T¤s fXnkB eAdfos tbA ty, dh soK fttjkoe ysoK ƒ nkgD ;wK ns Toik ;wogs eoD bJh Po ehsk.
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fJ; pdbkt bJh fJe ekoB j PwJb Td:re fusktK, fJe gfogs sohe, irk dh brksko fBrokBh bJh
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fe; rb ƒ ;woEktkB eoD d fJe ib (iK ekoykB iK eowPkbk) d T;koh T¤s Nhek fsnko eoD d Bkb
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nkgDh Gkrhdkoh d ekoB ;h. fJj, Panopticon iK iKu jkT; d og ftu ikDk ikD brk.
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p/AEw, Panopticon rohe Ppd Tg:rsktkd, capstone dh fJ;d bJh ftfrnkBh BIo tbA Tfus og
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dod ƒ fwDB d dnko pkjo felicific gEoh mete jtr d og ftu ;G tye, fi;dk wsbp tbA bJh
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rJh, tfynk frnk. fJZe iKu gpX ftu i TBKB ftef;s ehsk ns/ beccaria d ftukoK, ftt;fEs ;ik
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T¤s fbfynk jD d Tj Go;k ;h fe dod ftfrnkBh og tbA ftPPfrnktK dnkok gPkf;s ehsk ik ;edk
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j. Tj nkgD ;wK d ;GsA fJj :iBk fsnko eoD bJh ;ktXkBh tbA jmK mhe okigkb d wsokbk dh :iBk
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pDk ;wogs. TBKB panopticon d gfjb okigkb fB:es ehsk ik eoD bJh nk; ftnes ehsh, ns /
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ftPtk; j fe fJj T;ƒ fJe ;kb 37000 dDk jdk ;h. nkgD Gok dh soK, TBKB pfjue contraptions
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ftu wfBnk iKdk j. (wh) orals ftu ;Xko ehsk, okytK f;js, Td:r Tj, jdkfJs ;kotifBe
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burthens jbek, wkbh jkbs ft;fos, feTAfe fJj ;B fJe oke, rohp yb, tk;sebk ftu fJe ;ob
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ftuko dnkok ;ko bfeB BjhA eN ekƒBK dh gordian rY T¤s pmk (pAEw Semple 1992 ftu T¤XsL 153).
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1791 ftu pAEw T;dh :iBk nµroIh gXkBwsoh, bfeB T;ƒ 20 ;kb pknd jko ;theko eoD bJh
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wipo ed BjhA tk;st ‘u materialized panopticon eoD bJh Gfink frnk. fJe ib dk T;koh ehsk
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frnk ;h, bfeB BjhA fvikfJB fe pAEw dh f;ckfoP ‘s. pAEw TBK dh JhwkBdkoh ns e;faP j i T;ƒ
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yP BjhA bJh wnktik tbA ;BwkfBs ehsk frnk ;h. Tj ikB bowring, t;Nfw;No dh ;fwfyne d /
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;gkde eoD bJh nkgD pYg ftu epb eo fbnk ns TBK dh ;kfjfsne gpXe, fe Tj g;d BjhA ehsk
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panopticon ekriks ftu ty oj fJ;d bJh fJe gstkfXs xo ‘u gotP eoD dh soK ;h.
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pAEw GVhnk podo Gbh^GKs d Bkb 14 xN fJe fdB, bp ;wK se wkoPb ;rhs, treadwheel d Bkb
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T¤s goh soK tbA JeKs ;Ik fxoDs ns ngk;fre d og ftu ykfoi eoD dh f;ckfoP ehsh. ftu TBK Q
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d Tg:rsktkdh fwPB dP ƒ oeD d bJh, TBKB pknd ftu pbkseko bJh y;h vro ns arsonists bJh
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