Page 344 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI
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fJekJh 14L ikB ;N[noN fwb ns/ T[BQK dh gqfsfBZXh ;oeko


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        nso j idA fJj fbykJh ns ro^:ogh dBhnk  bJh nkfJnk ;h. Tj ;G  d ;G  pD oj.
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        fwb d eM cakow dk ;kT skBk;akjh iK fB:w fJe fpjso ekoD bJh wfj;; ehsk fe fJe TBs ;wki tbA '
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        ftu Gkos d wkwfbnK ftu ftPP og sA fJe ftdPh ;oeko dh ekpfbnsk d pko ftu okytK ew ;h, fiE /
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        fpfNP TBK d ftfPnK d pjs xN ;wMd ;B iK TBK bJh jwdodh ;h. nfijh jkbs ftu, fJj fJe v /
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        fjs ƒ ;otT¤u wjst dDk jtr. fwb dh jkbs Gkosh ;XkoeK dnkok fJe ftnes tbA pjs ty ;h.
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        gfjbK jh fJe vfbrN ;oho d ftuko ƒ ykfoi eo fdsk ;h ns nkrkj ehsk fe fpfNPa ;;d Gkos bJh
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        eƒB pDkTD d pknd Gkosh ;wki T; ndo pdbkT d ekfpb BjhA ;h. Tj T; d pkjo, gSw, fiE eƒB
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        ekfonkgkfbek,  i grsh;ahb ns g;afNe ftXkB ftufbs d Bkb ;ko nfXeko oy jJ ;B, Gkos ftu
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        ftXkJh ns ekoiekoh ;aeshnK d gEeoD dh tik ftuA fJe ;goB nfXeko TGo TbN ;es eoB eoe /
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        TBK d ftuko dk pukt ehsk. Tj nkgNhfw;N j fe fpfNP ;;d ;EkJh fjsK dk Gkos ƒ ckfJdk jdk j.
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        okwjB d soe, fwb  sA finkdk Tfus ns IkfJI fdyd ;h.
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        fwb B poe dh soK, Gkos ftu Xkofwe gEktK d Bkb fe; soK d dyb dk ftoX ehsk ;h, GktA fe fJj
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        wBysk bJh eoeh ;B. Tj nroiah Gk;ak ns ;;fesh dh nkfXekfoe nfXogD  d fybkc ;h, GktA fe T;
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        dk wBDk ;h fe rbkw pu ns ;sh gEk d TykV dk |oI PkPe dk j. T;B Gkosh ;ik ;fjsk ns dhtkBh
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        ns cidkoh gfoehnk bJh ev dh soK Gkos ftu ekƒBh ;XkoK dk ;woEB ehsk. jkbKfe Gkos ftu
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        ftfdne ;XkoK dk fJe gpb uAfgnB, Tj gG  ns bkov wekb B 1835 ftu ngBkfJnk frnk ;h, dh
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        f;fynk Bhsh wjstgoD ;h. UfoJANb f;yD d eAdoK tbA g; eYD bJh Bhsh ca;bk Gkosh ;;fesh ns /
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        Xow dh fJBeko ofynk jfJnk ns n;thekoh  ;h.  Gkosh ;fGnsk ns Xow d gkuhB gVkJh d fBfjs
        d eAdoK sA XB fBebtkTD dh :iBk B ngtkBrh ns n;theko ;h. fwb ;Gt ;oeko d eowukohnK ƒ
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        nroIh f;ykTD bJh g;, ekbiK dh fJe ;hfws :iBk j,  ns finkdk wbe ftuko gSw tkbk ftukoK ns /
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        d;a Go ftu frnkB  d g;ko  d ftu fJias tkbk ehsk.  dik Gkosh  d wkfXnw sA gSw tkb ftukoK dk
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        g;ko eoe gkgs ehsk ik ;edk j,  ftd;ah Gk;aktK,  f;fyns tor ƒ ;wMD ns ikDB bJh nkw iBsk
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        d bJh Gkosh dh wdd eo ;edhnk jB.
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        fwb ns jfoJN, :ogh is dk ekoD ftPP og ftu fteNohnk wfjbktK ftu ;h, go TBK B wfj;; ehsk
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        fe JPhnkJh wfjbktK ;wkBsk, ftneshst ns nkIkdh d bJh fsnko BjhA ;B. fwb , fJ; ;eo ‘s th
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        :o;AfNe ;h. Tj fJ; geko  d ;Gkn,  fbr ;wkBsk,  i 1860  d djke  d pknd, TBK d fdb d eohp
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        ;h, dh soK fJe wd Ts ft;a;a og tbA gSkDB bJh tyo fwnkoK dh tosA eoD bJh fsnko ;h.
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        fwb B fdbh ns ;akBdko Yr Bkb fejk ;h bJh tk;st ftu pfew wd, gkVB tkbk ftuko fsnkr fdZsk.
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        fJj s;h nkgD ftu fJe tvh PoXKibh,  pfew d ;kfwnk (1879) ft;ab;aD ;wki ftu n;wkBsk d g;aB
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        Ts ftuko eo fojk ;h.
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