Page 155 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV osQ bl dk;Z dks oSKkfud crykrs gSa ysfdu ykWLdh dh jk; esa oSèkkfud 'kCn cgqr yphyk gSA 1957 bZñ esa bMsu
R;kx&i=k osQ ckn eSdfeyu dh cgkyh esa lezkKh dk cgqr gkFk FkkA
(iii) ykMZ&lHkk dk lnL; çèkkuea=kh ugha % lj jkcVZ okWyiksy osQ le; ls ;g ,d lqfuf'pr fu;e&lk cu
x;k gS fd çèkkuea=kh yksd&lHkk] ykMZ&lHkk nksuksa esa ls fdlh ,d lnu dk lnL; jgsA ysfdu chloha 'krkCnh esa
;g Hkh fuf'pr gks x;k gS fd çèkkuea=kh dks yksdlHkk dk lnL; t:j gh gksuk pkfg,] ykMZ&lHkk dk lnL; vFkkZr~
ih;j çèkkuea=kh ugha cu ldrk gSA 1902 bZñ esa ykMZ lSfylcjh osQ R;kx&i=k nsus osQ ckn dksbZ Hkh ih;j çèkkuea=kh
ugha cuk gSA 1923 bZñ esa ;g leL;k mRi gqbZ fd D;k fdlh ih;j dks çèkkuea=kh cuk;k tk ldrk gSA cksuj ykW
osQ R;kx&i=k nsus osQ ckn lezkV osQ lkeus ç'u mBkμ ykMZ dtZu] tks ,d ih;j Fkk vkSj LVstuh okYMfou] tks
yksd&lHkk dk lnL; Fkk] nksuksa esa ls fdls çèkkuea=kh pquk tk;A vUr esa] okYMfou dks gh çèkkuea=kh cukuk iM+k]
;|fi mls dtZu dh rqyuk esa eaf=kRo dk ugha osQ cjkcj vuqHko FkkA bl ç'u ij fu"d"kZ ;gh fn;k tkrk gS fd
;|fi ;g fu;e fd çèkkuea=kh dks yksd&lHkk dk lnL; vo'; gksuk pkfg,] vfuok;Z ugha gS] fiQj Hkh tSlk fd
dhFk dk dguk gS] fd ¶çèkkuea=kh in osQ fy, fdlh dqyhu iq#"k dk pqu fy;k tkuk ,d lkèkkj.k lh ckr gks
x;h gSA¸ pw¡fd eaf=keaMy yksdlHkk osQ çfr mÙkjnk;h gS vkSj mldk thou&ej.k yksdlHkk osQ fo'okl ls lEcfUèkr
gS blfy, mlosQ usrk dks vo'; gh yksd&lHkk dk lnL; gksuk pkfg,A
(iv) çèkkuea=kh osQ O;fÙkQxr xq.k % ;|fi fu;er% çèkkuea=kh in osQ fy, dksbZ fuf'pr ;ksX;rk ugha gS] fiQj Hkh
O;ogkj esa mlosQ fy, dqN futh xq.kksa dks gksuk vfuok;Z gSA fofHk fo}kuksa us çèkkuea=kh osQ fy, fofHk ;ksX;rkvksa
dk mYys[k fd;k gSA equjks osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶fczVsu esa çk;% çèkkuea=kh dqyhu] lqf'kf{kr rFkk èkuoku gksrs gSaA os NksVh
vk;q esa gh jktuhfr esa ços'k djrs vkSj bls viuk O;olk; cuk ysrs gSaA¸ exj fiV us çèkkuea=kh osQ bl xq.kksa dk
mYys[k fd;k gS % ¶igyk O;fDrRo 'kfÙkQ] nwljs Kku] rhljs ifjJe vkSj vUr esa] èkS;ZA¸ mls osQoy yksder dk
vè;;u djus okyk fo|kFkhZ gh ugha gksuk pkfg,] cfYd mls çpkj&dyk dk iafMr Hkh gksuk pkfg,A iQkbuj dgrk
gS fd ¶mlosQ xq.k gksus pkfg, lHkh [krjksa osQ çfr lnk ltxrk] muls Hkkxusokys ugha_ lHkh o`gr~ Kku vkSj ;ksX;rk]
vfèkd fof'k"Vrk ;k vKku ugha rR{k.k vkSj fLFkj vkdqyrk rFkk mRlkg dh {kerk fu'pyrk ughaA¸ MkW- tsfuaXl
osQ vuqlkj] muosQ O;fDrRo ,oa lEeku dk tuer dks çHkkfor djus esa fo'ks"k çHkko iM+rk gSA blfy, muesa
flus&vfHkusrkvksa osQ leku turk osQ eu dks vkdf"kZr djus osQ fy, dqN fo'ks"k dkSrqd gksuk pkfg,] vkSj mls
vius O;fDrRo dks vkd"kZd djus osQ fy, ç;Ru djuk pkfg,] tSlsμ ikbiksa okys ckYMfou vkSj flxkjksa okys
pfpZy! mls Hkk"k.ksa dk vPNk vkfo"dkjd rFkk dq'ky oÙkQk Hkh gksuk pkfg,A lEHkor% mlls Hkh vfèkd vko';d
èofufoLrkjd ij cksyus dh fofèk gS-------------- vUr esa] ;g vko';d gS fd og vius jktuhfrd fe=kksa dh fu"Bk
dks cuk;s j[ksAA¸ ykWLdh us Hkh çèkkuea=kh osQ xq.kksa dk o.kZu bu çdkj fd;k gS] ¶foosd] dkS'ky] euq";ksa ij 'kklu
dh 'kfÙkQ] fo'oluh; O;fDr;ksa dh igpku] çHkko'kkyh oÙkQO; nsus dh {kerk] ,slk f'k{kkRed fu.kZ; fd og cy
rFkk yksder ls vkxs rks vo'; gks] ysfdu bruk u gks fd mldk lqxerkiwoZd ikyu u gks losQ] ,d ,slh
egÙokdka{kk tks vkxs rks c<+k;s] ij lkFk vkdfLedrk osQ çn'kZu esa ltx gks] O;fÙkQ;ksa ;k dk;ks± osQ ckjs esa rRdkyhu
fu.kZ; osQ le; e;kZfnr O;xzrkμ ;s lc ,sls xq.k gSa ftuosQ fcuk fdlh çèkkuea=kh dk dke ugha py ldrkA¸
çèkkuea=kh osQ vfèkdkj vkSj dÙkZO; (Powers and functions of the Prime Minister) % lezkV ,d uke ek=k
dk çèkku gSA O;ogkj esa mldh reke~ 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk ç;ksx efU=keaMy }kjk gksrk gS tks vUrrksxRok çèkkueU=kh osQ
gkFk esa pyk tkrk gSA oLrqr% çèkkueU=kh osQ gkFk esa gh 'kklu dk reke vfèkdkj jgrk gSA og fczfV'k lafoèkku
dh dq¡th gSA MkWñ tsfuaXl mls ¶lafoèkku dh cqfu;kn dgrs gSA ;|fi mudh 'kfÙkQ;k¡ lafoèkku esa dgha fy[kh gqbZ ugha
gSa] fiQj Hkh os bruh vfèkd gSa fd fo'o osQ fdlh Hkh laoSèkkfud 'kklu dks mruh vfèkd 'kfÙkQ;k¡ çkIr ughaA xzhOt
Bhd dgrk gS fd ¶mldh vkSipkfjd 'kfÙkQ;k¡ ,d vfu;af=kr 'kkld&dh&lh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA¸

'kfÙkQ;ksa osQ Ïksr% mldh 'kfÙkQ;ksa osQ eq[;r% nks Ïksr gSaμ fofèk vkSj foftr ny osQ usrk dh fLFkfrA fiNyh

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