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rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV 'kfÙkQ osQ LFkku ij çHkkoμ lezkV dk in egÙoiw.kZ rFkk çHkkoiw.kZ gSA lezkV O;fÙkQxr :i ls dqN dk;ks± dks
djrk gS ftls vU; dksbZ ugha dj ldrk gSA og fons'kh jktnwrksa dk Lokxr djrk] ih;j fu;qÙkQ djrk] mikfèk;k¡
nsrk] flagklu&Hkk"k.k nsrkA bu NksVs&eksVs dk;ks± osQ vykok og nks çeq[k dk;Z djrk gSμ çèkkuea=kh dh fu;qfÙkQ djuk
rFkk yksdlHkk dks fo?kfVr djukA ;|fi bu dk;ks± osQ lacUèk esa lkèkkj.kr% mldh 'kfÙkQ ghu gks x;k] fiQj Hkh mldk
çHkko c<+ x;k gSA XySMLVksu osQ fopkjkuqlkj] ¶l=kgoha 'krkCnh esa jkT; dh fLFkfr esa tks ifjorZu gq, gSa mlosQ
}kjk 'kfÙkQ osQ LFkku ij ykHknk;d çHkko dh LFkkiuk gqbZ gSA¸cstgkWV osQ dFku ls bl çHkko dh xgjkbZ dk irk
pyrk gSμ ¶ç'kklu rFkk uhfr&fuèkkZj.k osQ lEcUèk esa lezkV osQ rhu jktuhfrd vfèkdkj gSa ;Fkk ijke'kZ osQ fy,
iwNs tkus dk vfèkdkj] çksRlkgu nsus dk vfèkdkj vkSj psrkouh nsus dk vfèkdkjA¸ ;|fi lezkV osQ ;s vfèkdkj
eq[;r% lS¼kfUrd gS] fiQj Hkh mls çHkko'kkyh cukus esa budk cgqr gkFk gSA
fczfV'k çèkku ea=kh (The British Prime Minister)

vukSipkfjd vkèkkj (Informal Base): fczVsu dh vU; laLFkkvksa dh rjg fczfV'k çèkkueU=kh dk in Hkh vkdfLed
?kVukvksa dk urhtk rFkk la;ksx dh ckr (a child of chance) gSA bl in dh mRifÙk çFkkvksa osQ }kjk gqbZA bldh
fLFkfr osQ ckjs esa fdlh Hkh ifjfu;e ;k lafofèk esa dqN ftØ ugha gSA buksoj oa'k osQ 'kklu&dky esa okWyiksy dh
vè;{krk rFkk lapkyu djus dk volj feykA bl çdkj okWyiksy çFke çèkkuea=kh cukA ysfdu mls vfèkdka'k
yksx çFke eU=kh (First Minsiter) gh dgrs FksA çèkkueU=kh dh inoh yqbZ pkSngosa osQ 'kklu dky osQ 'Prime

Minister' dh udy }kjk viuk;h x;hA ysfdu 1878 bZñ osQ iwoZ bl 'kCn dk ç;ksx fdlh jk"Vªh; çys[k esa ugha
gqvk FkkA ml o"kZ igyh ckj cfyZu dh lfUèk esa mldk mYys[k fd;k x;kA lfUèk dh çFke èkkjk esa ykWMZ
chdUliQhYM (Lord Beaconsfield) dks lkezkKh ¶Vsªtjh dk çFke ykWMZ rFkk baxySaM dk çèkku ea=kh¸ (First
Lord of Majest's Treasury and Prime Minister of England) dg dj laosQr fd;k x;kA lj flMuh yks osQ
fopkj esa] ¶;g ukedj.k mu fonsf'k;ksa osQ vKku osQ çfr dqN fj;k;r ek=k Fkk tks fczVsu osQ iw.kZ 'kfÙkQ;qÙkQ egknwr
dh okLrfod fLFkfr dks le> u ikrs FksA¸ blosQ ckn 1906 bZñ esa çèkkuea=kh dh fLFkfr dks jkT; osQ mRloksa ls
lEcfUèkr lkekftd çkFkfedrkvksa dh rkfydk esa ekU;rk çnku dh x;h vkSj jktdh; mn~?kks"k.kk }kjk mls jkT;
osQ vknj dh n`f"V ls pkSFks uEcj dk çtktu ekuk tkus yxkA mls ;kdZ osQ vkdZ fo'ki ls fupyk ntkZ fn;k x;kA
1917 bZ- osQ psdlZ LVsV ,sDV (Chequers Estate Act, 1917) esa çèkkueU=kh dk in xzg.k djusokys O;fÙkQ dh ppkZ
dh x;h gS vkSj ml in osQ èkkj.k djus okys O;fÙkQ dks psdlZ ç;ksx djus dh vuqefr nh x;h gSA psdlZ dk vFkZ
gksrk gS çèkkueU=kh dk vfèkdkjhA bl vfèkfu;e ls fliQZ çèkkuea=kh dks laoSèkkfud fLFkfr dh ekU;rk feyh gS] fdUrq
ml fLFkfr dks vHkh rd laoSèkkfud Lo:i çnku ugha fd;k x;k gSA çèkkueU=kh osQ ikl dkuwu }kjk çkIr okLrfod
'kfÙkQ fcYdqy ugha gSA mldh reke 'kfÙkQ;k¡ ,oa vfèkdkj laoSèkkfud vfHkle;ksa ls gh çkIr gq, gSa vkSj os leLr
vfèkdkj mUgha vfHkle;ksa ls e;kZfnr Hkh gSA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd mudh fLFkfr vkSj mlosQ vfèkdkj jktuhfrd gSa vkSj
ml mÙkjnk;h ljdkj dh t:jr osQ vuqlkj cu ik;s gSa] tgk¡ laln gS vkSj lkoZtfud erkfèkdkj ij vkèkkfjr gSA
og efU=keaMy dh ijEijkxr vuq;k;h osQ dkj.k fu.kZ; djrk gS_ ysfdu mlosQ fu.kZ; dks dkuwuh :i efU=k;ksa]
fçoh ifj"kn~~ ;k lezkV }kjk gh feyrk gSA bl çdkj vU; vfèkdkjh mldh vxqvkbZ dks blfy, ugha ekurs fd mldk
vkèkkj lafoèkku gS_ cfYd blfy, fd og ,d ny dk usrk gSA XySMLVksu us Bhd gh dgk Fkk fd ¶dgha Hkh brus
NksVs inkFkZ dh bruh cM+h Nk;k ughaA¸

1937 bZñ osQ Økmu osQ vfèkfu;e (The ministers of the Crown Act., 1937) esa çFke ckj çèkkueU=kh
dks dkuwuh ekU;rk nh x;h vkSj dgk x;k fd ¶ml O;fÙkQ dks tks çèkkueU=kh vkSj Økmu dk çFke
eU=kh (First Lord of the Treasurey) gksxk] nl gtkj ikSaM osru feysxkA¸ bl çdkj çèkkueU=kh dk
in Vsªtjh osQ çFke ykWMZ osQ in dk gh :i gS vkSj vHkh Hkh nksuksa in ,d lkFk tqM+s gq, gSaA

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