Page 151 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV gksrh gSA ;|fi] oa'kkuqxr (Hereditary Principle) osQ fo#¼ cgqr ls foosdiw.kZ roZQ fn;s tk ldrs gS] fiQj Hkh
vfèkdrj O;fÙkQ bls çlUurkiwoZd Lohd`fr nsrs gSa] D;ksafd HkkX; vkSj vn`'; esa fo'okl djuk ekuo LoHkko gSA
lezkV osQ fo'ks"kkfèkdkj vkSj mUeqfÙkQ;k¡ (Royal Privileges and Immunities): fczfV'k lezkV vusd fo'ks"kkfèkdkj
vkSj mUeqfÙkQ;k¡ (Privileges and Immunities) dk miHkksx djrk gSaA mls fxjÝrkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk] mldk
dksbZ eky dqdZ ugha gks ldrk] jktHkou esa mlosQ fo:¼ U;kf;d dk;Zokgh ugha dh tk ldrh rFkk dgk tkrk
gS fd ;fn lezkV çèkkueU=kh dks xksyh ekj ns rks Hkh ml ij dkuwuh dk;Zokgh ugha gksxhA
vkfFkZd lgk;rk%lfofy fyLVμ fczfV'k lezkV dks jktdks"k ls okf"kZd vuqnku feyrk gSA igys jktk dh futh
tkxhjnkfj;k¡ Fkha rFkk lEifÙk osQ vU; lkèku gksrs Fks ftldh vkenuh ls mldk [kpZ pyrk FkkA vkt Hkh laifÙk
çkIr djus mldk çcUèk djus] mls ns[kus ;k csp Mkyus dk vfèkdkj gSA ysfdu [kpZ c<+us osQ dkj.k laln }kjk
vuqnku nsus dh çFkk py iM+h gSA 1889 bZñ rd lezkV osQ O;fÙkQxr miHkksx rFkk lkoZtfud dk;ks± osQ fy, vuwfnr
èku&jkf'k dks gh lkFk j[kk tkrk Fkk] ysfdu èkhjs&èkhjs nksuksa dks vyx fd;k tkus yxkA vktdy laln }kjk lezkV
jkt?kjkus osQ lnL;ksa dks futh O;; osQ fy, jktdks"k ls okf"kZd vuqnku r; dj fn;k tkrk gSA bl vuqnku dks flfoy
fyLV (Civil List) dgk tkrk gSA
lezkV dk LFkku (The Position of King): 1688bZñ osQ xkSjoiw.kZ Økafr rd lezkV dks vxkèk vkSj fujadq'k 'kfÙkQ;k¡
çkIr FkhaA og fliQZ jk"Vª dk çèkku ugha Fkk] cfYd okLrfod 'kkld Hkh FkkA vkt jkT; dk iqjk 'kklu mlh osQ
uke ij gksrk gS] ysfdu O;ogkj esa 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk mi;ksx ugha djrkA vkt Hkh nwj ls ns[kus ij mldk in fo'kky
utj vkrk gSA fo'kky jktHkou rFkk nqxZ] lqnqj iQSys gq, mifuos'k] jk"Vªh; thou esa mldk LFkku vkfn muosQ in
dks vkSj HkO; cuk nsrs gSa] ysfdu okLrfodrk rks ;g gS fd O;fÙkQxr fLFkfr esa lezkV vkt ux.; gS] mldk LFkku
fliQZ lS¼kfUrd rFkk ,sfrgkfld egÙkk dk jg x;k gS] O;kogkfjd ughaaA mldh 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk mi;ksx mlosQ uke ij
turk osQ çfrfufèk djrs gSaA lezkV dh 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk o.kZu djrs gq, iQkbuj dgrk gS] ¶;g fo'kky xxupqEch rFkk
oSHkoiw.kZ vV~Vkfydk gS ftlosQ vUnj jktuhfrd 'kfÙkQ dk 'kwU; LFkku gSA¸ fczfV'k lafoèkku osQ vUrxZr lezkV dk
LFkku fl¼kar vkSj O;kogkj osQ vUrj dk loksZre mnkgj.k gSA
¶lezkV jkT; djrk gS] 'kklu ugha¸μ bl çlax esa ;g dgk tkrk gS fd ¶lezkV jkT; djrk gS] 'kklu ughaA¸
bldk lkèkkj.k vFkZ ;g gS fd lezkV lkoZtfud dk;ks± osQ fdlh çR;{k vkSj fØ;kRed fu;U=k.k dk mi;ksx ugha
djrkA lezkV dh 'kfÙkQ;k¡ vkt Hkh vlhe gSa] ysfdu mudk ç;ksx og O;fÙkQxr :i esa ugha djrk gSA mlosQ uke
ij mldh 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk miHkksx] mldk ç;ksx eaf=keaMy rFkk laln djrh gSA lezkV jk"Vª dk çèkku gSA og jkT; dh
leLr 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk Ïksr gS] fiQj Hkh ;g 'kfÙkQghu gS] ekVh dh ewjr gSA dkuwuh rkSj ij efU=k;ksa osQ ijke'kZ ls og
'kklu djrk gS] ysfdu O;ogkj esa eaf=k;ksa osQ ijke'kZ ls og ckè; gS vkSj og ckè;rk bruh dBksj gS fd lezkV
eaf=k;ksa osQ ijke'kZ dk mYya?ku ugha dj ldrkA iQyr% lezkV jkT; dk çèkku ek=k jg tkrk gS] 'kklu dk ughaA
foèkkur% og loZ'kfÙkQeku gS] ysfdu O;ogkj esa osQoy ,d vyadkjA fczfV'k 'kklu&i¼fr eq[;r% nks fl¼karksa ij
vkèkkfjr gS] igyk] lezkV eaf=k;ksa osQ ijke'kZ ls ckgj dksbZ Hkh lkoZtfud dk;Z ugha dj ldrk gS ftudk oSfèkd
egÙo gSA mldk gj dk;Z mlosQ eaf=k;ksa dk dk;Z gSA tc ge ;g dgrs gSa fd Økmu lkoZtfud inkfèkdkfj;ksa dh
fu;qfÙkQ djrk gS rc gekjs dFku dk rkRi;Z ;g gksrk gS fd lezkV laln osQ çfr mÙkjnk;h eaf=k;ksa osQ ijke'kkZuqlkj
lkoZtfud inkfèkdkfj;ksa dh fu;qfÙkQ djrk gS lezkV laln dk vfèkos'ku vkefU=kr djrk gS] mls folftZr ;k fo?kfVr
djrk gS] mlesa viuk Hkk"k.k i<+rk gS] ;q¼] 'kkafr ;k lfUèk dh ?kks"k.kk djrk gS_ ysfdu bu dk;ks± dk lEiknu
oLrqr% efU=k;ksa }kjk gksrk gSA XysMLVksu us blh rF; dks bu 'kCnksa esa j[kk gSμ ¶jkT;kfHk"ksd ls e`R;qi;ZUr jktk
osQ thou esa dksbZ {k.k ,slk ugh gksrk tcfd fdlh lkoZtfud dk;Z osQ fy, og fczfV'k laln osQ çfr mÙkjnk;h
u gks vkSj Økmu dh 'kfÙkQ dk ,slk dksbZ ç;ksx ugha gks ldrk ftlosQ fy, og fdlh ea=kh dks Lo;a mÙkjnk;h cukus
osQ fy, rS;kj u ik losQaA¸

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