Page 160 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

bdkbZμ7% laoSèkkfud lajpukμdk;Zikfydk

Fkh vkSj eaf=keaMy ls ckr dkiQh vkxs c<+ tkus ij ijke'kZ fd;k FkkA çèkkuea=kh bl vfèkdkj osQ }kjk lezkV dks uksV
fu;af=kr djrk gS rFkk 'kklu dk okLrfod çèkku cu tkrk gSA
(v) vUrjkZ"Vªh; çfrfufèk % vUrjkZ"Vªh; {ks=k esa fczfV'k çèkkuea=kh dk cgqr egÙoiw.kZ LFkku gSA og oSnsf'kd uhfr
ij iw.kZ fu;a=k.k j[krk gSaA ;|fi fons'k&foHkkx mlosQ gkFk esa ugh jgrk] fiQj Hkh oSnsf'kd uhfr dk ogh fuekZ.kdÙkkZ
gSA iQyr% fons'k ea=kh osQ dk;Zdykiksa ij dM+h fuxjkuh j[krk gS tSlsμpsEcjysu }kjk bMsu ij] pSEcjysu }kjk gkyh
iQkWDl ij] eSDMksusyM }kjk gs.Mjlu ij vkSj pfpZy }kjk bMsu ijA oSnsf'kd uhfr&lacaèkh egÙoiw.kZ lEesyuksa]
mRloksa] Mksfefu;uksa rFkk jk"VªeaMy osQ ns'kksa osQ lkFk vUrjkZ"Vªh; leL;kvksa ij fopkj&foe'kZ esa Hkkx ysrk gSA ykMZ
fodliQhYM us cfyZu dh lHkk esa Hkkx fy;k] yk;M tkWtZ us isfjl osQ 'kkafr lEesyu esa gkFk c¡Vk;k] vkSj usfoy
pSEcjysu osQ ç;kl osQ iQyLo:i E;wfu[k le>kSrk gqvk] pfpZy us rks f}rh; egk;q¼ dky esa N% ckj jk"Vªifr
:tosYV ls vkSj nks ckj LVkfyu ls HksaV dh] çèkkuea=kh foYlu dks Hkh jksMsfl;k dh LorU=krk lEcUèkh leL;k dks
lqy>kus osQ fy, fLeFk ls Lo;a feyuk iM+k FkkA çèkkuea=kh varjjk"Vªh; lEesyuksa] jk"VªeaMyh; lEesyu rFkk vU;
lEesyuksa esa Hkkx ysrs gS rFkk vU; jkT;kè;{kksa ls fopkj&foe'kZ osQ gsrq feyrs gSaA bl çdkj çèkkuea=kh fczfV'k jk"Vª
dk varjkjk"Vªh; çfrfufèk gSA
(vi) laj{k.k vkSj mikfèk;k¡ lacaèkh 'kfÙkQ % çèkkuea=kh osQ ikl laj{k.k rFkk d`ik osQ vikj Ïksr gSA mikfèk;k¡
çnku djuk lezkV dk fo'ks"k vfèkdkj gSA ysfdu çèkkuea=kh dh fliQkfj'k ij gh lezkV fdlh dks mikfèk ns ldrk
gS ;k ih;j cuk ldrk gSA fdUrq bl lacaèk esa dqN ,sls Hkh viokn gS tSls vkWMZj vkWiQ lsaV ekbdy ,.M lsV tkWtZ
(Order of St. Michael and St, George) vFkok ukSlsuk] LFkylsuk ,oa ok;qlsuk lacaèkh mikfèk;k¡ ftlesa lEcfUèkr
eU=kh lezkV dks rnFkZ lÙkk nsrs gSaA mikfèk;ksa osQ vfrfjÙkQ lHkh cM+s inksa ij fu;qfÙkQ;k¡ çèkkuea=kh osQ }kjk gh dh tkrh
gSA fo'ki] jktnwr] U;k;kèkh'k] foHkkxh; çeq[kx.k] mifuos'kksa osQ xouZj] LFkk;h vk;ksxksa vkSj cksMks± osQ eq[; vfèkdkjh]
çèkkuea=kh osQ gh d`ik&ik=k gSaA ;|fi fu;qfÙkQ;ksa osQ lEcUèk esa foHkkxh; eaf=k;ksa dh jk; yh tkrh gS] fiQj Hkh çèkkuea=kh
dk gh fu.kZ; vafre gksrk gSA vUr esa flfoy lfoZl ij foÙk ea=kky; dk fu;a=k.k gksrk gSA vkSj foÙk&ea=kky; osQ
Åij çèkkuea=kh dk çFke ykMZ gksus osQ ukrs fu;a=k.k jgrk gSA
(vii) vkikrdkyhu vfèkdkj % çèkkuea=kh dks vkikrdkyhu vfèkdkj Hkh çkIr gSA ;q¼] vFkZ&ladV ;k vU; blh
çdkj osQ ladVksa osQ le; esa mudh 'kfÙkQ c<+ tkrh gSA ;|fi Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dh ;s fofèk&foghu ugha gS] fiQj
Hkh rqjUr dne mBkus osQ fy, iwjs jk"Vª dh 'kfÙkQ dks foifÙk ls yM+us osQ fy, ;g vko';d gks tkrk gS fd
dk;Zikfydk dkiQh 'kfÙkQ'kkyh cu tk;A nwljs fo'o&;q¼ osQ le; ,d çtkrkaf=kd jkT; esa pfpZy us rkuk'kkgh jkT;ksa
osQ fgVyj vkSj eqlksfyuh ls de 'kfÙkQ dk ç;ksx ugha fd;kA vkikrdky esa oLrqrr% laoSèkkfud rkuk'kkgh dh
LFkkiuk gks tkrh gS ftldk rkuk'kkg çèkkuea=kh gksrk gSA dHkh&dHkh rks tYnckth esa ;fn dk;Z djus ls igys
fopkj&foe'kZ dk le; ugha feyrk gS rks ml dk;Z dks iwjk djus osQ ckn eaf=keaMy dh Lohd`fr yh tkrh gS]
tSlsμfMtjSyh us Lost ugj esa fgLlk [kjhnus osQ ckn mls eaf=ke.My osQ fopkj&foe'kZ osQ fy, çLrqr fd;kA
çèkkuea=kh dh ;q¼ dkyhu fLFkfr dh ppkZ djrs gq, dkVZu vkfn us fy[kk gS fd ;q¼&lapkyu osQ lacaèk esa çèkkuea=kh
D;k djrk gS_ ;g mldh viuh #fp vkSj ;ksX;rk ij fuHkjZ djrk gSA ijUrq ;g Li"V gS fd fiNyh 'krkCnh dh
vis{kk mldk Hkkx vc vfèkd O;kid gks x;k gSA vius ije'kZnkrkvksa ij ;|fi og lc ,der Hkh gks] rc Hkh
ekeys ugha NksM+s tk ldrsA tc lSfud ekeys jktuhfrd mís';ksa vFkok ?kjsyw vko';drkvksa dks çHkkfor djrs
gks] rks mls Lo;a fu.kZ; djuk vko';d gSA çèkkueU=kh gh osQoy bl fLFkfr esa gksrk gS fd ;q¼ lapkyu osQ lc
n`f"Vdks.ksa ij fopkj dj mudk fo'ys"k.k dj losQA dksbZ mldk LFkku ugha ys ldrkA dksbZ mldk mÙkjnkf;Ro xzg.k
ugha dj ldrkA vc lSfud fu.kZ; djus esa og Hkkx ugha ysrk ijUrq vfUre mís';ksa dks fuèkkZfjr djus esa og fu'p;
gh Hkkx ysrk gSA ;q¼ dky esa 'kfDr vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro osQ osQUæhdj.k dh vko';drk gSA ykMZ tktZ vkSj pfpZy
nksuksa us vius efU=keaMyksa dk ;q¼ osQ nkSjku iquxZBu fd;kA pfpZy rks lqj{kkeU=kh osQ in dk fuekZ.k dj Lo;a ml
ij vklhu gks x;kA og ;q¼ dh xfrfofèk;ksa ls cgqr fudV lEidZ j[krk Fkk ^phiQ vkWiQ dfeVh* dk Lo;a

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