Page 332 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

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vè;;u }kjk ge jk"Vªh;] vU; jk"Vªksa rFkk vUrjkZ"Vªh; jktuhfr ,oa jktuhfrd O;ogkj dks vPNh rjg le> ldrs uksV
gSaA rqyukRed vè;;u osQ }kjk gh gesa ;g irk pyrk gS fd fofHkUu lektksa osQ yksxksa dk jktuhfr O;ogkj ijLij
fHkUu D;ksa gksrk gSA ;g lEHko gS fd nks ns'kksa dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ ,d tSlh gksus osQ ckotwn Hkh jktuhfrd fØ;k
vyx&vyx gksA çkphu dky esa vke turk jktuhfr esa dksbZ :fp ugha j[krh Fkh ijUrq vkèkqfud ;qx esa turk
blesa #fp ysus yx xbZ gSA vc jktuhfr dqN yksxksa rFkk fo'ks"k oxks± rd gh lfefr ugha jg xbZ cfYd blesa
yk[kksaμdjksM+ksa yksx Hkkx ysrs gSaA vkt jktuhfrd xfrfofèk;k¡ çR;sd O;fDr dks çHkkfor djrh gSa vkSj ml dks ,d
fo'ks"k çdkj dk O;ogkj djus osQ fy, ckè; djrh gSaA blfy, lHkh çdkj dh jktuhfrd O;oLFkkvksa esa vke O;fDr
vfèkd #fp ysus yxk gSA
çR;sd lekt esa vfHktuksa (Elite) rFkk cqf¼thfo;ksa dks fo'ks"k LFkku çkIr gksrk gSA ;gh ugha jktuhfrd fopkjksa dk
çpyu] ijh{k.k o ewY;kadu djosQ jktuhfrd thou dks u;k :i nsrs gSaA os jktuhfrd lekt esa uohu fopkjksa
dks lqn`<+rk ls LFkkfir djrs gSaA os vU; ns'kksa esa jktuhfr dk cM+h xgjkbZ ls vè;;u djrs gSa rFkk mudh rqyuk
viuh ns'k dh 'kklu O;oLFkk ls djosQ ,sls lq>ko nsrs gSa tks 'kkldksa rFkk 'kkflrksa osQ fgr esa gksaA bl çdkj cqf¼thoh
jktuhfrd O;ogkj rFkk ns'k osQ ekxZn'kZd rFkk lpsrd cu tkrs gSa ijUrq cqf¼thoh ;g lc dqN rqyukRed jktuhfr
osQ vè;;u ls gh çkIr dj ldrs gSaA jktuhfr dk rqyukRed vè;;u fons'kksa esa i;ZVu osQ leku gSA

rqyukRed jktuhfr vè;;u vke turk dks fofHkUu Lrjksa ij gksus okys jktuhfrd
?kVuk&pØksa dk Kku djkrk gSA

2- jktuhfrd O;oLFkkvksa dh lekurkvksa vkSj fofHkUurkvksa dks le>uk (To understand the Similarities

and Differences between Political System) : O;ogkj esa jktuhfrd laLFkkvksa osQ uke ,d tSls gksus osQ ckotwn
Hkh dk;Z ,d tSls ugha gksrsA mnkgj.kLo:i vejhdk] Úkal vkSj Hkkjr esa dk;Zikfydk osQ vè;{k dks jk"Vªifr
(President) dgrs gSa ijUrq bu rhuksa ns'kksa esa u rks jk"Vªifr osQ dk;Z ,d tSls gSa vkSj u gh bu ns'kksa dh 'kklu
ç.kkfy;k¡ ,d tSlh gSa ijUrq jktuhfrd laLFkkvksa osQ bl O;kogkfjd :i dks le>us osQ fy, 'kklu vkSj jktuhfr
dk rqyukRed vè;;u djuk cgqr vko';d gSA D;wck vkSj phu esa ,d gh ny ik;k tkrk gS vkSj og gS lkE;oknh
nyA feÏ vkSj ratkfu;k esa Hkh ,d nyh; i¼fr ikbZ tkrh gSA vr% jktuhfrd O;oLFkkvksa dh lekurkvksa rFkk
vlekurkvksa dks le>us osQ fy, rqyukRed vè;;u cgqr lgk;d gSA
3- fdlh Hkh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ lanHkZ dk Kku (Knowledge Regarding Contextual Elements of any

System) % 'kklu vkSj jktuhfr dk rqyukRed vè;;u fdlh Hkh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ lanHkZ dks le>us esa
lgk;d fl¼ gksrk gSA mnkgj.kLo:i ç'u mRiUu gksrk gS fd D;ksa lalnh; 'kklu ç.kkyh baXySaM esa ljdkj esa
LFkkf;Ro yk ldh ijUrq Úkal esa ljdkjksa dh vfLFkjrk dk dkj.k cuh\ fczVsu] vejhdk] vkLVªsfy;k bR;kfn ns'kkas
esa nks nyh; ç.kkyh D;ksa gS tcfd Hkkjr vkSj Úkal bR;kfn ns'kks esa cgq&nyh; ç.kkyh gSA rqyukRed vè;;u osQ
vkèkkj ij gh ge dg ldrs gSa fd Úkal dh vis{kk baXySaM esa lalnh; 'kklu ç.kkyh liQy jgh D;ksafd baXySaM
esa lalnh; 'kklu ç.kkyh dk fodkl vkS|ksxhdj.k ls iwoZ gks pqdk Fkk tcfd Úkal esa lalnh; 'kklu ç.kkyh dk
fodkl vkS|ksxhdj.k osQ i'pkr~ gqvkA
4- jktuhfrd ç.kkfy;ksa osQ xq.kksa rFkk nks"kksa dk irk pyrk gS (Merits and Demerits of Political System

are Revealed) : 'kklu vkSj jktuhfr osQ rqyukRed vè;;u ls gesa fofHkUu jktuhfrd ç.kkfy;ksa osQ xq.kksa rFkk
nks"kksa dk irk pyrk gSA rqyukRed vè;;u osQ }kjk gh irk pyrk gS fd veqd ns'k esa veqd 'kklu i¼fr D;ksa
liQy gS vkSj muosQ xq.k dkSu ls gSaA mnkgj.kLo:i baXySaM esa lalnh; 'kklu ç.kkyh liQy gS tcfd Hkkjr esa mruh
liQy ugha gSA rqyukRed vè;;u osQ }kjk irk yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd baXySaM esa lalnh; 'kklu ç.kkyh osQ liQy

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