Page 251 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
BØN Uj ;oeko pDk ;e/. eJh db fwb^i[b e/ ;oeko dk fBowkD eod/ jB. ;z:[es wzsoh^wzvb
(Coalition Ministry) pDkfJnk iKdk j?. pj[dbh g~Xsh :{og d/ wjKd/Ph d/PK fit/A cqK;, fJNbh nkfd
ft~u gkJh iKdh j?. fJ; g~Xsh ft~u fe;/ fJ~e db dh fBoze[Psk BjhA j' gkUAdh ns/ ftt;Ekfgek
wzsohwzvb d/ j~EK dk fyb"Dk wkso ofj ikdh j?. ftfGzB torK ns/ ;tkoEK dk Pk;B ft~u g{oD
gqshfB~Xst fwbdk j?. fJ; g~Xsh dk ;G s'A t~vk d'P fJj j? fe fJ; d/ nzsors pDkJh rJh ;z:[es
;oeko nfsnzs n;EkJh j[zdh j?. gbK ft~u ;oeko pDdh ftrVdh j?. cqK; ft~u 1870^1914 JhH s~e
ft~u 88 wzsoh wzvbK dk fBowkD j'fJnk. fBopbsk d/ ekoD ;oeko dhnk BhshnK ft~u fJ~eo{gsk th
BjhA j' gkUAdh. d{i/ gk;/ ed/ ed/ wzsoh wzvb th nfB:zsfos j' iKdk j? . ftt;Ekfgesk dk T[; s/
fB:zsoD BjhA ofjzdk. ws^G/d d/ ubd/ th ;oeko fdqVskg{ote fe;/ :'iBk Bz{ ekotkfjs BjhA eo
;edh.

Nk;e pj[ dbh ftt;Ek s'A s[;hA eh ;wMd/ j'<

db^g~Xsh dk w[~bKeD
db^g~Xsh dk w[~bKeD
db^g~Xsh dk w[~bKeD (Evaluation of the Party System)
db^g~Xsh dk w[~bKeD
db^g~Xsh dk w[~bKeD
db gqDkbh okiBhfseK dh gqPz;k ns/ Gos;Bk dk gkso ojh j?. g~Swh okiBhsh Pk;sohnK B/ db gqEk
w[Bo
w[Bo
w[Bo
Bz{ gqikszso dh ikB fejk j?. w[Bow[Bo' B/ sK fejk j? fe dbh Pk;b dk d{ik BK b'eszsoh Pk;B j?. nwoheh
;zftXkB d/ fBowksktK B/ dbK dk ;ys fto'X ehsk ;h. wkoe;tkdhnK B/ dbh gqikszso Bz{ ftfeqs gqikszso
fejk j?. UBK d/ nB[;ko db ;wki ft~u torK ns/ ;tkoEK dk d:'se j?. ;ot'dtkdh B/sk sK dbftjhD
;oeko (Partyless government) d/ g~ygksh jB. fJ; fttkd Bz{ d{o eoD dk ;G s'A tXhnk T[gkn j?
fe n;hA db gqDkbh d/ r[DK ns/ d'PK s/ fXnkB dJhJ/.
db g~Xsh d/ r[D
db g~Xsh d/ r[D (Merits)
db g~Xsh d/ r[D
db g~Xsh d/ r[D
db g~Xsh d/ r[D
1H okiBhfse db ;oeko dk fBowkD eod/ jB. i/eo okiBhfse db Bk ofjD, sK gqikszso d/ nzsors
;oeko Bz{ fttjkfoe o{g d/Dk efmB j' ikt/rk. db fBotkueK ft~u Gkr b?Ad/ ns/ ftXkB wzvb ft~u gqt/
P eo e/ ;oeko pDkUAd/ jB.
2H gqshfBXh ;oeko dh ;cbsk okiBhfse dbK d/ n;fs~st s/ jh fBoGo eodh j?. fJj g{o/ d/P dh iBsk
Bz{ fe;/ ;kXkoD f;XKsK d/ ;woEB ft~u nkg; ft~u fwb e/ ezw eoD :'r pDkUAdh j?. “;zrfms
okiBhfse dbK d/ nGkt ft~u ;zxoPkswe ftuko^;w{j j'Dr/ fiBK ft~u ;zs[Bb s'A fpBK nfijh e'Jh
;otwkDe r~b BjhA j't/rh, i' UBK Bz{ fJ~em/ fwb e/ gqGktg{oD Yzr Bkb ezw eoD :'r pDkJ/.”
w/ekJhto d/ PpdK ft~u, “db gqDkbh s'A fpBK oki ft~u Bk sK b'u j[zdh j? ns/ Bk ;~uk nksw fBPuk
w/ekJhto d/ PpdK ft~u
3H w/ekJhto d/ PpdK ft~uw/ekJhto d/ PpdK ft~u
w/ekJhto d/ PpdK ft~u
jh.” gqikszso dk nkXko iB^;fjwsh ns/ iBws j?, Pesh BjhA. “fJj fttPsk dh pikJ/ gq/oDk Bz{
nfXe T[fus ns/ P;so^;zxoP dh pikJ/ ftuko^;zxoP Bz{ nfXe ouBkswe” wzBdh j?. db^ftt;Ek
d/ ubd/ ftukoK dk nkdkB^gqdkB j[zdk j?, ;oeko dh nkb'uBk ehsh iKdh j?. i/eo ;oeko iBsk dh
fJ~Sk nB[;ko BhshnK dk fBowkD BjhA eodh, sK iBsk T[; Bz{ dbK d/ wkfXnw Bkb gd s'A jNk ;edh
j?. fJ; bJh okiBhfse dbK d/ ubd/ ;oeko dk ;zukbB iBws d/ nB[;ko j[zdk j?.
4H db iBsk d/ okiBhfse gqfPePD d/ gqw[~y ;kXB jB. Uj iBsk dh okiBhfse BhAd Bz{ Gzr eod/ jB,
UBK ft~u okiBhfse ikroD g?dk eod/ jB. ns/ ;kotifBe gqPBK d/ gqsh ;feqn o{uh g?dk eod/ jB.
Uj ftnkfynkBK, ;GktK, g~so^g~sfoektK nkfd d/ d[nkok BkrfoeK Bz{ okPNoh ns/ nzsookPNoh
;w~f;nktK Bkb ntrs eokUAd/ jB. Bkrfoe T[s;kj ft~u tkXk eod/ jB ns/ iBszsoh GktBk Bz{
tXkUAd/ jB.
5H db gqDkbh s'A Pq/Pm ekBz{BK dk fBowkD j[zdk j?. fJ~e db d{i/ db dhnK ewhnK d~;dk j?. Xkok ;GktK
ft~u fto'Xh db ekBz{Bh fBowkD ft~u ;~sko{V db Bz{ nkb'uBktK ns/ ;[MktK d[nkok ;bkj fdzdk j?. ekBz{B
pDkUAd/ ;w/A i' T[sktbkgB iK okiBhfse Me g?dk j' iKdh j?, T[; Bz{ db d{o eod/ jB. bkt/b d/ PpdK
ft~u, “db^;zrmB, okiBhfse MeK Bz{ fB:zsfos eod/ jB.”

246 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY