Page 67 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
;zftXkBtkd dhnK ;kXkoB ftP/PsktK
;zftXkBtkd dhnK ;kXkoB ftP/PsktK (General Characteristics of
;zftXkBtkd dhnK ;kXkoB ftP/PsktK
;zftXkBtkd dhnK ;kXkoB ftP/PsktK
BØN ;zftXkBtkd dhnK ;kXkoB ftP/PsktK
constitutionalism)
;zftXkB fe;/ th d/P iK ;wki ftP/P dk j't/ T[; dhnK e[M ;kXkoB ftP/PsktK j[zdhnK jB i' xZN iK tZX
wksok ftZu jo ;zftXkBtkd ftZu gfjbK jh s?n j[zdhnK jB. ;zftXkBtkd dh XkoDk ƒ j'o tX/o/ uzrh soQK
;wMD bJh fJj ;jh j't/rk fe e[M ;kXkoB ftP/PsktK ƒ th d/\ fbnk ikt/.
(e) ;zftXkBtkd w[Zb ;pzfXs ntXkoDk
(e) ;zftXkBtkd w[Zb ;pzfXs ntXkoDk
(e) ;zftXkBtkd w[Zb ;pzfXs ntXkoDk
(e) ;zftXkBtkd w[Zb ;pzfXs ntXkoDk
(e) ;zftXkBtkd w[Zb ;pzfXs ntXkoDk (Constitutionalism is a value based concept)-
;zftXkBtkd dk ;pzX okPNo d/ ihtB doPB s'A j?. fJj T[jBK w[ZbK, ftPtk;K s/ okiBhse nkdoPK tZb
;ze/s eodk j? i' okPNo d/ jo Bkrfoe ƒ fgnko j?. i' jo okPNo dk nXko j[zd/ jB. fJj ;zftXkfBe
doPB, okiBhse ;wki ƒ nfGiBK (elites) okjhA gqdkB ehsk iKdk j?. go fJj doPB nfGiBK sZe jh
;hws BjhA ofjzdk. ;wki dk ftukoPhb tor fJ; ƒ iBsk sZe gj[zukT[Adk j? ns/ ;wki ;theko eoe/
fJ; ƒ Bk f;o| skes gqdkB eodk j? ;r'A fJ; ƒ ;jh noEK ftZu ‘okPNo doPB’ pDkT[Adk j?. go
fJ; Bkb fJj BjhA ;wMDk ukjhdk fe ;zftXkBtkd d/ w[ZbK ftZu d/P dhnK gozgoktK, jkbsK, b'VK s/
;wZf;nktK dk e'Jh o'b BjhA j[zdk. f;o| nfGiB jh ;wki ƒ w[Zb gqdkB BjhA eodk, feT[Afe p[ZXhihth
nkg tksktoD dh g?dktko j[zd/ jB. T[jBK d/ w[ZbK T[~s/ tksktoD dh Skg j[zdh j?. fJ; soQK ;zftXkBtkd
jo d/P ftZu fJZe BjhA nB/eK ;'fwnK Bkb pDh w[ZbK Bkb :[es XkoDk j?. fJj T[j w[Zb jB i' ;wki
ƒ g;zd jB ns/ fizBK dh oZfynk, gqkgsh ns/ b'V gqrsh bJh ;wki tZv/ s'A tZvk pfbdkB eoB bJh fsnko
ofjzdk j?. fJjBK Bkb i[VhnK XkoDktK ;zftXkBtkd ejkT[AdhnK jB. fJ; Bkb fJj f;ZNk fBebdk j? fe
jo ;zftXkBtkd dk ;pzX w[ZbK Bkb j? ns/ fJ; bJh w[Zb ;zpzX ntXkoDk ejh iKdh j?.
(y) ;zftXkBtkd ;z;feqsh ;zpzX ntXkoDk j?
(y) ;zftXkBtkd ;z;feqsh ;zpzX ntXkoDk j?
(y) ;zftXkBtkd ;z;feqsh ;zpzX ntXkoDk j? (Constitutionalism is a culture-bound
(y) ;zftXkBtkd ;z;feqsh ;zpzX ntXkoDk j?
(y) ;zftXkBtkd ;z;feqsh ;zpzX ntXkoDk j?
concept)^fe;/ th okiBhfse ;wki d/ w[~bK dk ftek; ns/ fBowkD f;o ft~u BjhA j[zdk j?.fJj ;wki dh
;z;feqsh Bkb ;zpzfXs j[zd/ jB. jo d/P d/ nkdoP w[~b ns/ ftukoXkoktK T[; d/P dh ;z;feqsh Bkb jh
;zpzfXs j[zd/ jB ns/ ;z;feqsh Bkb jh rmpzfXs ofjzd/ jB. Uj ;wK, ;EkB ns/ iBsk Bkb pzB/ j[zd/ jB.
;zftXkBtkd fJBQK s/ nkXkfos fejk ik ;edk j?. fJ; Bkb fJj Bshik fBebdk j? fe ;zftXkBtkd dh XkoDk
jo irk ns/ ;EkB ftP/P dh ;z;feqsh Bkb ;zpzfXs gkJh iKdh j?. ;zftXkBtkd dk ;z;feqsh ;zpzX j'Dk fJ;
ft~u tk;sftesk fbnkT[Adk j? ns/ fJ; Bz{ noE:[es pDkT[Adk j?.toswkB :[r ft~u eJh okiBhfse ;wki
fJzB/ ftPkb j[zd/ jB fe UjBK ft~u ;z;feqshnK dh ftftXsk ns/ fGzBsk gkJh iKdh j?. nfij/ okPNoK ft~u
;zftXkBtkd fJBQK ftfGzB ;z;feqshnK d/ fwbD dk ;{ue j?. UjBK ft~u ;zxoP ns/ fto'X dh EK s/ ;fj:'r
ns/ ;zs[bB dh ftt;Ek ;zftXkBtkd d[nkok jh j[zdh j?. fJj fJ~e oki dhnK ;kohnK ;z;feqshnK d/ ftek;
ns/ ;[o~fynk dh ;G s'A nfXe ;[ftt;Ek j?, feUAfe ;zftXkBtkd fJBQK ;kohnK ;z;feqshnK Bkb ;zpzfXs
j[zdk j? ns/ fJBQK Bkb ;fwq~X ns/ PeshtkB pDdk j?. fJ; bJh fJj fejk ikDk ukjhdk j? fe ;zftXkBtkd
dk skD^pkDk jo d/P dh ;z;feqsh Bkb p[fDnk j[zdk j?.
(r) ;zftXkBtkd rfsnkswe ntXkoDk j?
(r) ;zftXkBtkd rfsnkswe ntXkoDk j? (Constitutionalism is a dynamic Concept)^
(r) ;zftXkBtkd rfsnkswe ntXkoDk j?
(r) ;zftXkBtkd rfsnkswe ntXkoDk j?
(r) ;zftXkBtkd rfsnkswe ntXkoDk j?
;zftXkBtkd rshjhD XkoDk BjhA j?. go fJ; dk noE fJj th BjhA j? fe ;zftXkBtkd ft~u ;fEosk BjhA
j[zdh j?. ;zftXkBtkd ft~u fJjh ;G s'A ftP/P r~b j? fe fJ; ft~u ;EkJhst d/ Bkb Bkb rfsnkswesk
th gkJh iKdh j?. fJjh ekoD j? fe fJj gqrsh ft~u pkXe BjhA, gqrsh dk ;kXe pfDnk ofjzdk j?. ftek;
d/ bJh ;EkJhst th pj[s Io{oh j?, BjhA sK ftek; dhnK fdPktK dk eqw BjhA oj/rk. fJ; bJh ;zftXkBtkd
dh XkoDk ;fEosk :[es rfsnkswesk dk ;{ue j?. fJ; dh rshPhb gqfeqsh pj[s Io{oh j?, feUAfe ;wK
gfotosB d/ Bkb w[~bK ft~u gfotosB nkT[Adk j?, ns/ ;z;feqsh ftef;s j[zdh j?. fJ;/ Bkb ;zftXkBtkd
rfsnkswesk gqkgs eodk j?. fJ; s'A ;gPN j? fe ;zftXkBtkd rfsnkswe ntXkoDk j?. fJ~E/ fJj
;wMDk th Io{oh j? fe ;zftXkBtkd fe;/ ;wki d/ UjBK w[~bK ns/ ntXkoBktK dk, i' iBsk Bz{ fJ~e ;wK
ftP/P ft~u fgqn jB, gqshe wkso jh BjhA j?, pbfe fJj Bt/A w[~bK dh ;EkgBk ns/ gqkgsh dk wkfXnw
th j?. fJj ;wki d/ toswkB ft~u fgqn w[~bK d/ Bkb jh UjBK dhnK Gft~y dhnK fJ~SktK dk gqshe th
j[zdk j?. fJ; Bkb fJj rfsnkswe ntXkoDk pD iKdk j?. fJ; bJh ekob i/H cq?vfoe B/ ;zftXkBtkd
Bz{ ftek; dh gqfeqnk fejk j?.

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