Page 198 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN 3H “;wkfie gfotosB ihtB dhnK ;thfeqs ohshnK ft~u gfotosB Bz{ efjzd/ jB, ukj/ fJj gfotosB
G{r'fbe dPktK d/ gfotosB s'A j'J/ j'D, iK ;z;feqfse ;kXBK, iB^;zfynk dh ouBk iK ftukoXkoktK d/
gfotosBK s'A j'J/ j'D iK ;w{j d/ nzdo j'JhnK y'iK iK gq;ko s'A j'J/ j'D.” ^frfbB ns/ frfbB^frfbB ns/ frfbB
^frfbB ns/ frfbB
^frfbB ns/ frfbB
^frfbB ns/ frfbB
4H “;wkfie gfotosB s'A ;kvk noE e/tb UBK gfotosBK s'A j? i' ;wkfie ;zrmB ft~u j[zd/ jB, noEks
^v/ft;
^v/ft;
^v/ft;
^v/ft;
;wki dh ;zouBk ns/ ;wki d/ ezwK ft~u.” ^v/ft;
5H “;wkfie gfotosB dk noE fJj j? fe ;wki d/ fInkdkso ftnesh fJ; gqeko d/ ekoiK ft~u b~r/ jB
i' T[; d/ g{otiK s'A fGzB jB.” ^w?fob ns/ n?bfvqI ^w?fob ns/ n?bfvqI
^w?fob ns/ n?bfvqI
^w?fob ns/ n?bfvqI
^w?fob ns/ n?bfvqI
6H “;wkiPk;soh d/ o{g ft~u ;kvk gqs~y ;zpzX e/tb ;wkfie ;zpzXK s'A j?, fJ; bJh e/tb ;wkfie ;zpzXK
^w?ekJhto ns/ g/i
^w?ekJhto ns/ g/i
ft~u j'D tkb/ gfotosBK Bz{ jh n;hA ;wkfie gfotosB efj ;ed/ jK.” ^w?ekJhto ns/ g/i^w?ekJhto ns/ g/i
^w?ekJhto ns/ g/i
7H “;wkfie gfotosB Bz{ b'eK d/ ekoi eoD ns/ ftuko eoD dhnK g~XshnK ft~u j'D tkbk gfotosB
^
efj e/ gfoGkfPs ehsk ik ;edk j?.” ^e'JfBr
^e'JfBr
'
f
e
J
B
^e'JfBr
^e'JfBr
r
8H “;wkfie gfotosB b'eK d/ ihtB^gqshwkBK ft~u xfNs j'D tkb/ nzsoK Bz{ ;{fus eodk j?.”
^i/B;B
^i/B;B
^i/B;B
^i/B;B
^i/B;B
9H “;wkfie gfotosB nzso wkBfte ;zpzXK ns/ nkuoD d/ ;Ekfgs wkDeK ft~u fe;/ gfotosB Bz{
^b[zvpor ns/ j'o
^b[zvpor ns/ j'o
^b[zvpor ns/ j'o
^b[zvpor ns/ j'o
fBofdPN eodk j?.” ^b[zvpor ns/ j'o
10H “;wkfie gfotosB ft~u ;wkih gqekoK iK gqfeqnktK dh ;zouBk iK feqnk ft~u gfotosB fBfjs j?.”
^n?Avo;B ns/ gkoeo
^n?Avo;B ns/ gkoeo
^n?Avo;B ns/ gkoeo
^n?Avo;B ns/ gkoeo
^n?Avo;B ns/ gkoeo
11H “;wkfie gfotosB s'A w?A ;wkfie ;zouBk ft~u gfotosB ;wMdk jK. T[dkjoD bJh, ;wki d/ nkeko
^frB;por
^frB;por
^frB;por
ft~u, T[; dh pDktN iK GkrK d/ ;zs[bB ft~u iK T[; d/ ;zrmB d/ ;o{gK ft~u.” ^frB;por^frB;por
T[go'es gfoGkPktK d/ nkXko s/ fJj fBu'V e~fYnk ik ;edk j? fe ;wkfie gfotosB b'eK d/ ihtB
gqshwkBK ft~u j'D tkb/ gfotosBK Bz{ fBofdPN eodk j?. fJj ;wki ft~u j' oj/ ;G gfotosBK dk ;{ue
BjhA j?. ebk, ;kfjs, T[d:'freh, doPB nkfd ft~u gfotosBK Bz{ ;wkfie gfotosB ft~u Pkfwb BjhA
ehsk ik ;edk. ‘;wkfie gfotosB’ Ppd Bz{ ;ze[fus noE ft~u gq:'r ehsk ikDk ukjhdk j? i' ;wkfie
;zpzXK d/ y/so ft~u gfotosBK Bz{ ;{fus eodk j?. ;wkfie ;zpzX s'A noE ;wkfie gqfeqnktK, ;wkfie
gqshwkBK ns/ ;wkfie nzsofeqnktK s'A j?. fJ; gqeko, ;wkfie gfotosB dk noE j't/rk^;wkfie
gqfeqnktK, ;wkfie gqshwkBK, ;wkfie nzsofeqnktK iK ;wkfie ;zrmB d/ fe;/ ;o{g ft~u nzso. fJj
;wki dh ;z;Ekrs ns/ nkukokswe ;zouBk ft~u gfotosB j?.
B'N; ;wkfie gfotosB d[nkok n;hA T[; Bz{ ;ze/s eod/ jK i' ;w/A d/ Bkb Bkb ekoiK, ;z;EktK
iK UBK ftt;EktK ft~u j[zdk j? i' ;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ UBK dh T[sgsh, ftek; ns/ gsB
Bkb ;zpzfXs j?.
11H2 ;wkfie gfotosB dk ;o{g ;wkfie gfotosB dk ;o{g
11H2 ;wkfie gfotosB dk ;o{g
11H2 ;wkfie gfotosB dk ;o{g
11H2 ;wkfie gfotosB dk ;o{g (Nature of Social Change)
11H2
;wkfie gfotosB d/ ekoD dhnK gqw[~y ftP/PsktK fBwBfbfys jB^
1H 1H 1H 1H 1 H ;wkfie gfotosB ;kotG"fwe j? (Social change is a universal phenomenon)^ ;wkfie
gfotosB ;G ;wkiK ft~u xfNs j[zdk j?. e'Jh th ;wki ;dk rshjhD BjhA j[zdk. nkfdw ns/
nkX[fBe, d'jK ;wkiK ft~u gfotosB j[zd/ ofjzd/ jB. ;wki nB/e rshPhb nGktK d/ nXhB nftt;fEs
j?. iB;zfynk pdbdh ofjzdh j?, T[d:'freh dk ft;sko j[zdk ofjzdk j?, G"fse gdkoEK ft~u gfotosB
nkUAdk ofjzdk j?, ftukoXkoktK ns/ gdkoE nkdoP w[~bK ft~u Bt/A s~s Pkfwb j' iKd/ jB ns/ ;z;Ekrs
;zouBktK ns/ ekoiK dk nkeko th pdb iKdk j?. gfotosB dh rsh ns/ ;hwk ;wkiK ft~u fGzB fGzB
j' ;edh j?. e[M ;wkiK ft~u gfotosB ibdh j' iKdk j?, e[M ft~u j"bh j"bh j[zdk j?.
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