Page 203 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^11L ;wkfie gfotosB d/ f;XKs
fJekJh^11L ;wkfie gfotosB d/ f;XKs
fJekJh^11L ;wkfie gfotosB d/ f;XKs
fJekJh^11L ;wkfie gfotosB d/ f;XKs
fJekJh^11L ;wkfie gfotosB d/ f;XKs
ihtB d/ e[M y/soK ft~u Uj ni/ s~e toswkB jB ns/ shih fBPukswe nt;Ek t~b j"bh j"bh BØN
tX fojk j?. gfjbh nt;Ek ft~u wB[~y dk ftPtk; ;h fe gob"fee PeshnK B/ fJ; ;z;ko Bz{
fBofws ehsk j? ns/ Uj fJ; Bz{ fB:zsfos eo ojhnK jB. Uj d/tsktK ns/ iVg{iktkd ft~u
ftPtk; eodk ;h fi; s'A Uj j"bh j"bh fJ~e/Ptotkd t~b tfXnk. fJ; B/ nfXnksfwe nt;Ek Bz{
iBw fd~sk fi; d/ d"okB wB[~y B/ xNBkt;s{ dh ftnkfynk ekbgfBe t;sK dk ;jkok b? e/ ehsh.
;kyotkdh nt;Ek ft~u wB[~y gow ekoDK dh y'i p/eko ;wM e/ ftnfynkswe s~EK dh y'i eodk
j? i' nB[Gkfte o{g ft~u got/yfDe j?. i/eo wB[~y gqkfeqfse ns/ ;wkfie xNBkt;s{ Bz{ ;wMD
ft~u ;kyotkdh fdqPNhe'D ngDk bt/, sK fJj gqrsh dh nt;Ek j't/rh.
Xkofwe
Xkofwe
nkr;s ekwN/
nkr;s ekwN/ (Auguste Comte) B/ ;wkfie gfotosB dhnK fszB nt;EktK dh ebgBk ehsh^Xkofwe
nkr;s ekwN/ Xkofwe
nkr;s ekwN/
Xkofwe
nkr;s ekwN/
(theological), nfXnksfwenfXnksfwe (metaphysical) ns/ ;kyotkdh;kyotkdh (positive).
;kyotkdh
;kyotkdh
nfXnksfwe
nfXnksfwe
;kyotkdh
nfXnksfwe
jopoN ;g/A;o
jopoN ;g/A;o (Herbert Spencer) fi; B/ ;wki Bz{ iht d/ ;wkB d~f;nk, dk ftuko ;h fe
jopoN ;g/A;o
jopoN ;g/A;o
jopoN ;g/A;o
wkBt^;wki j"bh j"bh Pq/Pm nt;Ek t~b tX fojk j?. nkfdw nt;Ek ft~u ;?fBetkd gqXkB ;h. wB[~y
e[M :[~X ;w{jK ft~u ftGkfis ;B fiBK ftueko x''o ihtB ;zxoP ubdk ;h. ;?fBetkd s'A ;wki
T[d:'rtkd dh nt;Ek t~b tfXnk. T[d:'rtkd dh nt;Ek ft~u ;wki nkgD/ nzrK d/ nfXe ftG/dheoD
ns/ J/eheoD Bkb fuzfBs j?. J/ehfeqs ftt;Ek dh ;EkgBk Bkb ;wki d/ ftfGzB torK^ ;wkfie, nkofEe
ns/ gqiksh bJh PKsh Bkb ofjDk ;zGt j'fJnk j?.;g/A;o d/ nB[;ko, ;wki ;dk gqrsh t~b tXdk j?.
fBekbkJh
e[M o{;h ;wkiPk;sohnK B/ th ;wkfie gfotosB d/ o/fye f;XKs dk gqshgkdB ehsk j?. fBekbkJhfBekbkJh
fBekbkJh
fBekbkJh
e/H fwy/b'to{eh fwy/b'to{eh
e/H fwy/b'to{eh
e/H
e/H fwy/b'to{eh fwy/b'to{eh (Nikolai K. Mikhailovsky) dk ftuko ;h fe wkBt^;wki fszB nt;EktK ft~u'A
e/H
r[Iodk j?L (i) t;s{goe wkBt^e/Adfos (objective anthropocentric), (ii) ;we/Adfos (eccentric) ns/
(iii) nkswgoe wkBt^e/Adfos (subjective anthropocentric), gfjbh nt;Ek ft~u wB[~y nkgD/ nkg
Bz{ ftPt dk e/Ado ;wMdk j? ns/ gokG"fse ns/ oj~;tkdh ftPtk;K ft~u y'fJnk ofjzdk j?. d{ih nt;Ek
ft~u wB[~y nw{osheoDK ft~u ftPtk; eoD brdk j?. Uj nw{os Bz{ w{os dh pikJ/ nfXe tk;sfte
;wMD brdk j?. shih nt;Ek ft~u wB[~y nB[Gkfte frnkB ft~u ftPtk; eoD brdk j? fi; d/ d[nkok
;'bktht
Uj ;t?bkG bJh gqfeqsh T[Zs/ nfXe s'A nfXe fB:zsoD eoD brdk j?. ;'bktht;'bktht
;'bktht (Soloviev) B/ fJBK
;'bktht
fszB nt;EktK Bz{ iBiksh, okPNoh ns/ ftPt^pzX[st dk BK fd~sk j?.
n;b s~E fJj j? fe ;wkiPk;soh frnkB dh toswkB ;fEsh ft~u ;wkfie gfotosB d/ ;o{g iK T[;
dh dhoxekbhB gqftq~sh pko/ f;XKsK dk fBowkD BjhA ehsk ik ;edk. eh ;wekbhB ;~fGnsk nzdo{Bh
ftxNB iK nkDfte :[~Xwkor s'A ftBkP t~b tX ojh j? iK fJ; dh EK ;wkfie ;zpzXK dh fe;/ nfXe ;EkJh
iK nkdoPkswe ftt;Ek d[nkok bJh ikt/rh, nk;Ek s'A fJbktk fe;/ j'o nkXko s/ fJ; dh Gft~ytkDh
BjhA ehsh ik ;edh. T[gbpX tk;sfte rtkj d/ nkXko s/ e/tb J/Bk fejk ik ;edk j? fe ;wkfie
gfotosB dh Gft~y ft~u i' th fdPk j't/rh, T[; dk fBoXkoD nkg wB[~y d[nkok j't/rk.
Nk;e ngeoPD dk f;XKs eh d~;dk j?<

;t^w[~bKeD
;t^w[~bKeD
;t^w[~bKeD
;t^w[~bKeD (Self Assessment)
;t^w[~bKeD
1H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU
1H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU (State whether the following
1H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU
1H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU
1H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU
statements ‘Right’ or “Wrong’)
(i) ;wkfie gfotosB b'eK d/ ihtB gqshwkBK ft~u j'D tkb/ gfotosB Bz{ fBofdPN
eodk j?.
(ii) ;wkfie gfotosB ;G ;wkiK ft~u xfNs BjhA j[zdk.
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