Page 162 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV ysfdu miHkksDrk viuh lhfer vk;] vi;kZIr cprksa] lk[k izfrcaèkksa vkfn osQ dkj.k fVdkmQ oLrqvksa dk
bfPNr Lrj 'kh?kz [kjhn ugha ldrk gSA blfy, miHkksDrk izR;sd vofèk esa vius bfPNr Lrj dk osQoy ,d
va'k gh [kjhnrk gSA ;fn fiNyh vofèk esa [kjhnh xbZ ek=kk esa okLrfod ifjorZu Q – Q gS] rks ;g
t t–1
okaNuh; ifjorZu dk osQoy ,d va'k k gS] Q – Q vr%
t t–1
Q – Q t–1 = k (Q – Q t–1 ) ...(3)
t
t
tgk¡ Q – Q okLrfod ifjorZu gS] Q – Q okaNuh; ifjorZu gS vkSj k LVkWd lek;kstu dk xq.kkad
t t–1 t t-1
gS_ vkSj O < k < 1-
lehdj.k (2) dks (3) esa LFkkukiUu djus ls] gesa izkIr gksrk gS
Q – Q = k(c Y – Q )
t t–1 t t–1
iqu% O;ofLFkr djus ls]
Q =(kc) Y + (1–k) Q )
t t t–1
kc = a vkSj (1 – k) = b lSV djosQ] ge lehdj.k (1) ij igq¡prs gSa
Q = aY + bQ
t t t-1
(2) xSj&fVdkmQ miHkksDrk oLrqvkas osQ fy, ek¡x iQyu (Demand Function for Consumer
1
Non-durables)μgksFkSdj vkSj Vsyj us usjykso LVkWd&lek;kstu fu;e osQ LFkku ij vknr fuekZ.k
fu;e (Habit formation principle) LFkkukiUu djosQ mls xSj&fVdkmQ miHkksDrk oLrqvksa ij
iSQyk;kA bl ek¡x iQyu esa] xSj&fVdkmQ oLrqvksa osQ fy, orZeku ek¡x] vU; ckrksa osQ vfrfjDr] vknr
ij vkèkkfjr oLrqvksa osQ fiNys Ø;ksa (Q ) ij fuHkZj djrh gSA ek¡x iQyu bl :i dk gksrk gS]
t-1
Q = a + b P + b Δ P + b Y + b ΔY + b Q
t 1 t 2 t 3 t 4 t 5 t–1
tgk¡ a = fLFkjkad] P orZeku dher] Δ P = dher esa ifjorZu] Y = orZeku vk;] ΔY = vk; esa ifjorZu]
t t t t
vkSj b ls b izkpfyd xq.kkad (Parametric coefficients) xq.kkad gSaA
1 5
okLro esa] xSj&fVdkmQ oLrqvksa osQ fy, ek¡x iQyu fVdkmQ oLrqvksa ls O;qRiUu dh tkrh gS] tks fdlh Hkh
vofèk esa orZeku dher] fVdkmQ oLrqvksa osQ LVkWd] xSj&fVdkmQ oLrqvksa osQ LVkWd osQ fy, vknr vkSj orZeku
vk; Lrj ij fuHkZj djrk gSA

3- vuqHkofl¼ ek¡x iQyu (Empirical Demand Function)
lkekU;r%] ,d oLrq osQ fy, ek¡x iQyu dks ,sls fy[kk tk ldrk gSμ
Q = F (P, P , P , Y, T)
c s
tgk¡ Q = ek¡xh xbZ oLrq dh ek=kk] P = oLrq dh dher] iwjd oLrqvksa dh dher] P LFkkukiUu oLrqvksa dh
s
dher_ Y = miHkksDrk dh vk;] vkSj T = miHkksDrk dh #fp;k¡A
;g iQyu n'kkZrk gS fd oLrq dh ek¡x mldh viuh dher] viuh iwjd vkSj LFkkukiUu oLrqvksa dh dherksa
rFkk miHkksDrk dh vk; vkSj #fp;ksa ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
ijarq ;g iQyu bruk lkèkkj.k gS fd bldk dksbZ vuqHkofl¼ vkSfpR; ugha gks ldrk gSA ;g osQoy crkrk
gS fd oLrq dh ek¡xh xbZ ek=kk] fuHkZj pj Q vkSj Lora=k pjksa P, P , P Y vkSj T osQ chp lacaèk osQ fy,
s
c
fcuk ,d fo'ks"k iQyukRed :i crk,] izR;sd fuèkkZjd dk iQyu gSA ,d vkuqHkfod vuqHkofl¼ ek¡x iQyu
dk vuqeku yxkus osQ fy, ;g O;Dr djuk vko';d gS fd oLrq dh ek¡x ij vU; oLrqvksa dh dherksa dk
ekius ;ksX; D;k izHkko gSA ;fn #fp;k¡ le;ksifj fLFkj jgsa rks dksbZ leL;k mRiUu ugha gksrh gS rFkk T dks
vuqekfur lehdj.k ls fudkyk tk ldrk gSA ;fn #fp;k¡ le;ksifj (Everting) ifjorZu gksrh gSa rks ifjorhZ
osQ :i esa ,d le; pj ys fy;k tkrk gSA f}rh; oqQN le; osQ fy, vkfFkZd vkSj jktuSfrd ?kVdksa osQ dkj.k

156 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY