Page 207 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 9 % ykxrksa ,oa vkxe osQ fl¼kar

(We should also note that the undercurrent of the concept of opportunity cost is not uksV
money payments but sacrificed opportunities or alternatives.) mnkgj.k osQ fy, ,d iQeZ
vius Lo;a LokfeRo (Self-owned) rFkk Lo;a iz;ksx (Self-employed) okys lkèkuksa vFkkZr~ vius futh
lkèkuksa osQ fy, dksbZ Hkqxrku ugha djrh ijarq mudh Hkh volj ykxr gksrh gS] D;ksafd muosQ }kjk fdlh ,d
oLrq dk mRiknu djus osQ fy, fdlh nwljh oLrq dk ftldk mudh lgk;rk ls mRiknu gks ldrk Fkk] R;kx
djuk iM+rk gS] Lo;a LokfeRo ,oe~ Lo;a iz;ksx lkèkuksa dh ykxr dks fufgr ykxrsa (Implicit Costs) dgk
tkrk gSA blosQ foijhr iQeZ }kjk ckgjh O;fDr;ksa dks mudh lsokvksa rFkk oLrqvksa osQ fy, tks udn Hkqxrku
fd;k tkrk gS og Li"V ykxr (Explicit Costs) dgykrk gSA volj ykxr osQ varxZr Li"V ykxrsa
rFkk fufgr ykxrsa nksuksa gh 'kkfey gksrh gSaA

uksV~l okLrfod ykxr og ykxr gS tks mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa osQ Lokfe;ksa }kjk mudh iw£r djus esa
d"V] nq[k] ijs'kkuh vkfn osQ :i esa mBkuh iM+rh gSA

5- vkfFkZd ykxr (Economic Cost)

vkfFkZd fo'ys"k.k esa] vkfFkZd ykxr osQ varxZr ys[kkdeZ ykxrsa rFkk Lo;a LokfeRo ,oa Lo;a iz;ksx lkèkuksa
dh ykxrkssa dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA
^^vkfFkZd ykxrksa dh ifjHkk"kk mu ekSfnzd Hkqxrkuksa tks ,d iQeZ }kjk mu ckgjh O;fDr;ksa dks tks lkèkuksa
dh iwfrZ djrs gSa] vo'; fn, tkus pkfg, osQ :i esa rFkk Lo;a LokfeRo ,oe~ Lo;a iz;ksx lkèkuksa dh
ml R;kxh xbZ vk;] tks os loZJs"B oSdfYid iz;ksx esa izkIr dj ldrs Fks] osQ :i esa dh tk ldrh
gSA** (Economic costs may be defined as those monetary payments a firm must make
to those outsiders who supply resources and non expenditure payments of self-owned
and self-employed resources which they could have earned in their best alternative
opportunities.)
vr,o ys[kkdeZ ykxrksa (Accounting Costs) esa osQoy Li"V ykxrksa (Explicit Costs) dks 'kkfey
fd;k tkrk gSA blosQ foijhr vkfFkZd ykxr esa Li"V ykxrksa rFkk fufgr ykxrksa nksuksa dks gh 'kkfey fd;k
tkrk gSA

vkfFkZd ykxr dh èkkj.kk dks dkWys”k esa ,d o"kZ rd f'k{kk izkIr djus dh ykxr osQ mnkgj.k }kjk Li"V fd;k
tk ldrk gSA eku yhft, dkWys”k esa ,d o"kZ rd f'k{kk izkIr djus osQ fy, nh tkus okyh iQhl] gksLVy
osQ [kpsZ rFkk vU; [kpks± dk tksM+ 6]000 #i;s gSA vU; 'kCnksa esa dkWys”k esa ,d o"kZ rd f'k{kk izkIr djus
dh ys[kkdeZ ykxr (Accounting costs) 6]000 #i;s gSA ijarq vkfFkZd ykxr esa ekSfnzd [kpks± osQ
vfrfjDr ml vk; dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS tks ,d fo|kFkhZ dkWys”k esa f'k{kk izkIr djus osQ fy, yxk,
tkus okys le; rFkk èku dk fdlh oSdfYid dke esa iz;ksx djosQ dek ldrk FkkA ;fn og lky Hkj dkWyst
ugha tkrk rks dksbZ dke djosQ 5]000 #i;s dek ldrk FkkA dkWys”k dh i<+kbZ ij [kpZ fd, tkus okys 6]000
#i;s dks cSad esa tek djosQ og 5 izfr'kr izfro"kZ dh nj ls
300 #i;s C;kt osQ :i esa izkIr dj ldrk FkkA vr,o vkfFkZd ykxrsa ys[kkdeZ ykxrksa ls
dkWyst esa lky Hkj f'k{kk izkIr djus dh vkfFkZd ykxr vyx gSaA
(ekSfnzd [kpsZ $ R;kxh xbZ dekbZ) R;kxk x;k C;kt $ ys[kkdeZ ykxr esa osQoy Li"V ykxr dks
6]000 #- $ 5]000 #- $ 300 #- ¾ 11]300 #i;s gksxhA 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA blosQ foijhr vkfFkZd
ykxr esa Li"V ykxr rFkk fufgr ykxr nksuksa
pw¡fd vkfFkZd ykxr esa ys[kkdeZ ykxr rFkk volj ykxr
dks gh 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA
nksuksa dks gh 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS blfy, og fdlh oLrq osQ
mRiknu dh lgh ykxr dks izdV djrh gSA

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