Page 209 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 9 % ykxrksa ,oa vkxe osQ fl¼kar

ysÝVfop osQ vuqlkj] ^^Li"V ykxrsa] os udn Hkqxrku gSa tks iQeZ }kjk ckgjh O;fDr;ksa dks mudh uksV
lsokvksa rFkk oLrqvksa osQ fy, fd, tkrs gSaA** (Explicit costs are those cash payments which
firms make to outsiders for their services and goods. —Leftwitch)

iQeZ osQ }kjk nh tkus okyh e”knwjh] dPps o vèkZfufeZr eky osQ Hkqxrku] ½.kksa ij fn;k tkus okyk C;kt o
f?klkoV (Depreciation) ij fd, tkus okys Hkqxrku vkfn Li"V ykxrsa dgykrh gSaA bUgsa fujis{k ykxrsa
(Absolute Costs), mRiknu ykxrsa (Outlya Costs), ;k okLrfod ykxrsa (Actual Costs) Hkh dgk
tkrk gSA

9- fufgr ykxrsa (Implicit Costs)

,d iQeZ osQ ikl mRiknu osQ dbZ vkxr (Inputs) ,sls gksrs gSa ftudh Lokeh og Lo;a gksrh gS rFkk ftudk
mi;ksx Hkh og Lo;a gh djrh gSA buosQ fy, iQeZ dks fdlh ckgjh O;fDr dks Hkqxrku ugha djuk iM+rkA ijarq
;fn iQeZ mudk Lo;a iz;ksx djrh gS rks mls budh fcØh djus ;k mUgsa fdjk, ij nsus ls izkIr gksus okyh
vk; osQ volj dk R;kx djuk iM+rk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] tc ,d iQeZ viuh bekjr dk Lo;a iz;ksx djrh
gS rks mls fdlh dks fdjk;k ugha nsuk iM+rkA ijarq bl bekjr dks fdlh vU; O;fDr dks fdjk, ij nsus ls
tks fdjk;k izkIr gks ldrk Fkk mldh gkfu mBkuh iM+sxhA vFkZ'kkL=k esa ,d iQeZ osQ vius lkèkuksa osQ iz;ksx
dh volj ykxr dks fufgr ykxr dgk tkrk gSA
ysÝVfop osQ vuqlkj] ^^mRiknu dh fufgr ykxrsa Lo;a osQ LokfeÙo ,oa Lo;a osQ }kjk yxk, x,
lkèkuksa dh ykxrsa gSaA** (Implicit costs are costs of self-owned and self-employed
resources.) —Leftwitch
,d iQeZ osQ fy, fufgr ykxrsa og ekSfnzd Hkqxrku gSa ftUgsa og iQeZ vius lkèkuksa dks loZJs"B oSdfYid
iz;ksx osQ fy, csp dj ;k fdjk, ij nsdj izkIr dj ldrh gSA Li"V ykxrksa dh rjg fufgr ykxrsa Hkh iQeZ
osQ }kjk fd;k tkus okyk R;kx gSA ijarq Li"V ykxrksa osQ foijhr budk Hkqxrku nwljs yksxksa dks ugha fd;k tkrkA
fufgr ykxrsa Lo;a LokfeRo rFkk Lo;a iz;ksx okys lkèkuksa osQ ml vkjksfir ewY; (Imputed Value) osQ
cjkcj gksrh gSa ftls os loZJs"B oSdfYid iz;ksx esa izkIr dj ldrh gSaA ,d vFkZ'kkL=kh osQ fy, fdlh lkèku
dh fufgr ykxr ml dher osQ cjkcj gksrh gS tks iQeZ dks mRiknu djus osQ fy, vius Lo;a osQ lkèku osQ
LFkku ij fdlh vU; iQeZ osQ lkèku osQ iz;ksx djus ij [kpZ djuh iM+rhA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] jke fdrkcksa
dh ,d nqdku dk vosQyk ekfyd (Sole Proprietor) gSA nqdku dh bekjr mldh viuh gSA og vius
O;olk; esa Lo;a viuh iw¡th yxkrk gS rFkk Lo;a gh dke djrk gSA bl izdkj ;|fi mls viuk O;olk;
pykus osQ fy, fdlh vU; O;fDr dks fdjk,] e”knwjh ;k C;kt osQ :i esa dksbZ Hkqxrku ugha djuk iM+rk
vFkkZr~ dksbZ Li"V ykxr (Explicti Cost) ugha yxkuh iM+rhA ijarq mls fdjk,] C;kt ;k e”knwjh osQ :i
esa fufgr ykxrsa (Implicit Costs) Lo;a lgu djuh iM+rh gSA viuh nqdku dh bekjr dks fdlh vU;
O;fDr dks fdjk, ij nsdj og 400 #i;s eghuk dek ldrk gSA bl izdkj viuh nqdku dh bekjr dk Lo;a
iz;ksx djosQ og fdjk, osQ :i esa izkIr gks ldus okys 400 #i;s dk R;kx dj jgk gSA blh izdkj mls viuh
iw¡th ls izkIr gks ldus okys C;kt dk R;kx djuk iM+ jgk gSA ;fn jke viuh nqdku Lo;a ugha pykrk rks]
og fdlh nwljh nqdku ij dke djosQ osru izkIr dj ldrk FkkA ijarq vius Lo;a dk O;olk; pykus osQ
dkj.k mls bl osru dk R;kx djuk iM+ jgk gSA jke dks viuk Lo;a dk O;olk; pykrs jgus osQ fy, ftruh
U;wure vk; feyrh jguh pkfg, mls lkekU; ykHk (Normal Profit) dgk tkrk gSA lkekU; ykHk] jke
osQ m|e dh fufgr ykxr gSA ;g Hkh oqQy ykxr esa 'kkfey gksrk gSA vr,o oqqQy ykxr esa Li"V ykxr
rFkk fufgr ykxr nksuksa gh 'kkfey gksrs gSaA

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