Page 295 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 13 % ,dkf/dkjh iQeZ dk fl¼kar

fp=k 13-1 esa TC oqQy ykxr oØ rFkk TR oqQy vk; oØ gSA TR oØ ewy ¯cnq O ls 'kq: gks jgk gSA bldk uksV
vfHkizk; ;g gS fd tc dksbZ mRiknu ugha gksxk rks oqQy vk; Hkh 'kwU; gksxhA blosQ foijhr oqQy ykxr oØ
¯cnq P ls vkjaHk gks jgh gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd ;fn iQeZ mRiknu can Hkh dj ns rks Hkh mls caèkh ykxrsa
OP [kpZ djuh iM+sxhA TP oØ oqQy ykHk oØ gSA ;g oØ ¯cnq R ls vkjaHk gks jgk gSA blls Kkr gksrk gS
fd vkjaHk esa iQeZ dks ½.kkRed ykHk (Negative Profits) izkIr gks jgs gSa vFkkZr~ gkfu gks jgh gS D;ksafd
oqQy ykxr] oqQy vk; ls vfèkd gSA fp=k 13-1 ls Kkr gksrk gS fd iQeZ tSls&tSls mRiknu c<+k jgh gS oqQy
vk; c<+rh tk jgh gSA ijarq vkjaHk esa oqQy vk; oqQy ykxr ls de (TR < TC) gSA blfy, TP oØ osQ
RC Hkkx ls Kkr gksrk gS fd iQeZ dks gkfu gks jgh gSA ¯cnq M ij TR = TC gS blfy, tSlk fd TP oØ
osQ ¯cnq C ls Kkr gksrk gS fd iQeZ dks u rks gkfu gks jgh gS vkSj u gh ykHk gks jgk gSA ¯cnq M dks
le&foPNsn fcanq (Break Even Point) dgk tk;sxkA iQeZ tc fcanq M ls vfèkd mRiknu djsxh rks oqQy
vk; oqQy ykxr ls c<+rh (TR > TC) tk,xhA TP oØ Hkh
¯cnq C ls Åij dh vksj mB jgh gSA blls Kkr gksrk gS fd lkoèkkuhiwoZd è;ku nsa
iQeZ dks ykHk fey jgs gSaA tc TP oØ vius mPpre ¯cnq E fp=k 13-1 esa TC oØ OY v{k ls 'kq:
ij gksxh rks iQeZ dks vfèkdre ykHk (Maximum gksrh gS] blfy, ;g vYidkyhu ykxr oØ
Profits) izkIr gksaxsA mRiknu dh OQ ek=kk ftl ij iQeZ dks gksuh pkfg,A nh?kZdkyhu TC oØ ewy ¯cnq
vfèkdre ykHk fey jgk gS] larqyu mRiknu dh ek=kk O ls vkjaHk gksrh gSA
dgyk,xhA
;fn iQeZ larqyu ek=kk OQ ls vfèkd mRiknu djsxh rks TR vkSj TC js[kkvksa dk varj de gksrk pyk tk,xk
rFkk ¯cnq N ij ;s js[kk,a ,d&nwljs dks dkVsaxh vFkkZr~ TR = TC gksxkA bldk vfHkizk; ;g gqvk fd iQeZ
osQ ykHk de gksrs tk,axs rFkk ¯cnq N ij Hkh iQeZ dks u dksbZ ykHk gksxk rFkk u dksbZ gkfu gksxhA tSlk fd
TP osQ ¯cnq D ls Kkr gksrk gSA ;fn iQeZ blls vfèkd mRiknu djsxh rks TR osQ TC ls de (TR < TC)
gksus osQ iQyLo:i iQeZ dks gkfu gksus yxsxhA la{ksi esa iQeZ ¯cnq E ij vfèkdre ykHk izkIr djsxhA iQeZ osQ
vfèkdre ykHk dks Kkr djus osQ fy, TR rFkk TC js[kk ij Li'khZ; js[kk,¡ [khaph tkrh gSaA ftu ¯cnq ij
[khaph xbZ Li'khZ; js[kk,¡ (Tangent Lines) lekukarj gSa] mudk iQklyk vf/dre gksxkA bl fp=k ls Kkr
gksrk gS fd A rFkk B fcanq ij Li'khZ; js[kk,¡ (Tangent) lekukarj gSa] vr% TR rFkk TC oØ dk vfèkdre
varj AB ls izdV gksxkA bl voLFkk esa ,dkfèkdkjh dks vfèkdre ykHk izkIr gksaxs tSlk fd TP oØ osQ ¯cnq
E ls Kkr gks jgk gSA ,dkfèkdkjh }kjk dher rFkk larqyu izkIr djus dh bl fofèk dks Trial and Error
Method Hkh dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd bl fofèk }kjk ,dkfèkdkjh dks fofHkUu dhersa fuèkkZfjr djosQ ;g vuqeku
yxkuk iM+rk gS fd dher osQ dkSu ls Lrj ij og larqyu dh fLFkfr esa gksxk vFkkZr~ vfèkdre ykHk izkIr
djsxkA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

cgqfodYih; iz'u (Multiple Choice Questions)μ
5- ,dkfèkdkj dh fLFkfr esa osQoy ,d gh gksrh gS
(v) iQeZ (c) eqnzk (l) ykxr (n) oLrq
6- ,dkfèkdkjh {ks=kksa esa ubZ iQeks± osQ cktkj esa izos'k djus ij gksrk gSμ
(v) dj (c) izfrcaèk (l) fu"ksèk (n) vuqefr
----------------------
7- ,dkfèkdkj dh fLFkfr esa dksbZ oØ ugha gksrkA
(v) iw£r pØ (c) ykxr oØ (l) oØ (n) iw£r oØ
8- ,dkfèkdkjh osQ mRiknu dk dksbZ ugha gksrkμ
(v) fudVre LFkkukiUu (c) LFkkukiUu (l) ykxr oØ (n) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

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