Page 296 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV 13-5 lhekar vk; rFkk lhekar ykxr n`f"Vdks.k
(Marginal Revenue and Marginal Cost Approach)

bl n`f"Vdks.k osQ vuqlkj ,dkfèkdkjh ml le; larqyu dh voLFkk esa gksxk tc nks 'krs± iwjh gksaxhA
(i) lhekar vk; (MR) = lhekar ykxr (MC) rFkk
viuh cqf¼ dk ijh{k.k dhft,
(ii) lhekar ykxr (MC) oØ dh lhekar vk;
(fp=k 13-1 nsf[k,A)
(MR) oØ dks uhps ls dkVukA
tc TR rFkk TC dk varj vfèkdre gksrk gS rks
bl fLFkfr esa ,dkfèkdkjh dks vfèkdre ykHk izkIr gksaxsA TR dk <yku = TC dk <ykuA
bl fo'ys"k.k }kjk ,dkfèkdkj esa dher rFkk larqyu TR dk <yku MR rFkk TC dk <yku MC
fuèkkZj.k dk vè;;u le; dh nks vofèk;ksa esa fd;k gksrk gSA blfy, tgk¡ TR rFkk TC dk varj
tk,xkA vfèkdre gksrk gS ogk¡ gh MR = MC gksrk gSA
(1) vYidky (Short-Run) rFkk (2) nh?kZdky
(Long-Run)A
1- vYidkyhu larqyu (Short-Run Equilibrium)

vYidky le; dh og vofèk gS ftlesa le; bruk de gksrk gS fd ,dkfèkdkjh caèks lkèkuksa tSls e'khujh]
IykaV vkfn dks cny ugha ldrkA ,dkfèkdkjh oLrq dh ek¡x c<+us ij osQoy ?kVrs&c<+rs lkèku dh vfèkd
ek=kk dk iz;ksx djosQ rFkk caèks lkèkuksa tSls e'khuksa dh iw.kZ {kerk dk iz;ksx djosQ oLrq dh iw£r dks c<+k
ldrk gSA blh Hkkafr ek¡x ?kVus ij ,dkfèkdkjh iQeZ dh ?kVrs&c<+rs lkèku dh ek=kk dks de dj nsxk vkSj
caèks lkèku dk Hkh xgu iz;ksx de dj nsxkA ,d ,dkfèkdkjh ml le; larqyu esa gksxk tc og oLrq dh
ml ek=kk dk mRiknu djsxk ftl ij (1) lhekar ykxr rFkk lhekar vk; cjkcj (MC = MR) gksxh
rFkk (2) lhekar ykxr oØ lhekar vk; oØ dks uhps ls dkVsxhA (MC Curve cuts MR Curve
from below.) vYidky esa ,dkfèkdkjh osQ larqyu dh voLFkk esa rhu fLFkfr;k¡ gks ldrh gSaA ,dkfèkdkjh
dks (1) vlkekU; ykHk (Super Normal Profits) fey ldrs gSaA (2) lkekU; ykHk (Normal
Profits) izkIr gks ldrs gSaA vkSj (3) U;wure gkfu (Minimum Loss) mBkuh iM+ ldrh gSA budk
o.kZu ge fuEufyf[kr fp=kksa dh lgk;rk ls dj ldrs gSaμ
(1) vlkekU; ykHk (Super Normal Profits)μ;fn ,dkfèkdkjh }kjk larqyu dh voLFkk esa fuèkkZfjr
oLrqvksa dh dher (AR) mudh vkSlr ykxr (AC) ls vfèkd (AR > AC) gS rks ,dkfèkdkjh dks
vlkekU; ykHk (Super Normal Profits) izkIr gksaxsA ,dkfèkdkjh] mRiknu rks ml lhek rd djsxk ftl
fp=k 13-2

Y
Super Normal Profit

Revenue/Cost P B MC AC

C
A

E
AR
MR
O X
M
Output

290 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY