Page 9 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ1% lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k dk ifjp;

O;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k rFkk lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k esa varj osQ eq[; ¯cnq uksV
(Salient Points on the Difference between Microeconomics and Macroeconomics)

1- leqPp; dh ek=kk (Degree of Aggregation)µO;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k rFkk lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ vk£Fkd rÙoksa
osQ leqPp; dh ek=kk esa varj ik;k tkrk gSA O;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k mu vk£Fkd leL;kvksa dk vè;;u djrk gS tks
,dy vk£Fkd bdkbZ (Single Economic Unit) tSls ,d iQeZ ;k vk£Fkd bdkb;ksa osQ ,d NksVs lewg] tSls ,d
m|ksx] ls lacafèkr gksrh gSA lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k ,d vFkZO;oLFkk dh lHkh iQeks± dh vk£Fkd leL;kvksa dk vè;;u
djrk gSA O;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k esa vk£Fkd rÙoksa osQ NksVs Hkkx dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gS tcfd lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k
esa vk£Fkd pjksa osQ egÙoiw.kZ leqPp;ksa dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gSA
2- vè;;u dk osaQnz (Focus of Study)µO;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ vè;;u dk osaQnz lkèkuksa osQ vuqowQyre caVokjs
ls lacafèkr fl¼karksa] leL;kvksa vkSj uhfr;ksa dk vè;;u gSA blosQ foijhr] lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ vè;;u dk osaQnz
vFkZO;oLFkk esa ikbZ tkus okyh lalkèkuksa osQ jkstxkj dh fLFkfr (Employment Status) rFkk lalkèkuksa osQ fodkl
ls lacafèkr fl¼karksa] leL;kvksa vkSj uhfr;ksa dk vè;;u gSA

3- fo"k; oLrq dk ewy varj (Basic parameter of Subject-matter Difference)µO;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k rFkk
lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k esa ewy varj crkrs gq, izksú th fFkEeS;k (Prof. G. Thimmah) us dgk gS fd O;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k
leL;kvksa dk eq[; fuèkkZjd dher (Price) gS tcfd lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k dh leL;kvksa dk eq[; fuèkkZjd vk;
(Income) gSA O;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k esa miHkksDrk] mRiknd] mRiknu osQ lkèku vkfn vk£Fkd bdkb;k¡ vius fofHkUu
cktkjksa esa dherksa (Prices in Different-Markets) osQ vkèkkj ij ysrs gSaA blosQ foijhr] lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k esa
oqQy fuos'k] oqQy cpr vkfn lacaèkh fu.kZ; eq[;r% vk; vFkkZr~ jk"Vªh; vk; (National Income) osQ vkèkkj
ij fy, tkrs gSaA

4- vè;;u dh fofèk;k¡ (Methods of Study)µO;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼karksa dk fuekZ.k djrs le; ge ;g
eku ysrs gSa fd ¶vU; ckrsa leku jgrh gSa¸ (Other things being equal)A mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ek¡x osQ fu;e esa
ge dher vkSj ek¡x dh ek=kk osQ chp lacaèk dk vè;;u djrs gSaA ek¡x ij iM+us okys vU; rÙoksa] tSls miHkksDrk
dh vk;] mldh vknr] mldh #fp] lacafèkr oLrqvksa dh dherksa vkfn osQ izHkko dks fLFkj eku ysrs gSaA vè;;u
dh bl fofèk dks vkaf'kd larqyu fo'ys"k.k (partial Equilibrium Analysis) dgk tkrk gSA blosQ foijhr]
lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k esa vk£Fkd rÙoksa dks egÙoiw.kZ leqPp;ksa esa oxhZÑr fd;k tkrk gS] tSls] oqQy ek¡x] oqQy iw£r]
oqQy fuos'k vkfn bu rÙoksa dh ijLij fuHkZjrk gh lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ vè;;u dk osaQnz ¯cnq gSA vè;;u dh
bl fofèk dk vFkZ&lkekU; larqyu fo'ys"k.k (Quasi General Equilibrium Analysis) dgk tkrk gSA
5- ekU;rkvksa dk lewg (Set of Assumptions)µO;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k rFkk lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k fofHkUu ekU;rkvksa
osQ lewg ij vkèkkfjr gSaA O;f"V&vFkZ'kkL=k esa izk;% ;g eku fy;k tkrk gS fd ns'k esa iw.kZ jkstxkj dh fLFkfr
ikbZ tkrh gSA oqQy mRiknu rFkk oqQy O;; dks Hkh fLFkj eku fy;k tkrk gSA bu ekU;rkvksa osQ vkèkkj ij ;g
tkuus dk iz;Ru fd;k tkrk gS fd lalkèkuksa dk vuqowQyre caVokjk (Optimum Allocatiion) oSQls gksrk gS vkSj
oSQls fofHkUu vk£Fkd bdkb;k¡ larqyu dh fLFkfr dks izkIr djrh gSaA blosQ foijhr] lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k dh ;g
lkekU; ekU;rk gS fd lalkèkuksa dk caVokjk vuqowQyre gksrk gSA bl ekU;rk osQ vkèkkj ij ;g tkuus dk iz;Ru
fd;k tkrk gS fd oSQls jk"Vªh; lalkèkuksa dks iw.kZ jkstxkj izkIr gks ldrk gSA

+ O;f"V&lef"V fojksèkkHkkl (Micro-Macro Parabox)
tks ckr O;fDrxr Lrj ij lgh gS] 'kk;n og lewph vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fy, lgh u gks%

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